Kulczyński, 1911: 13
Zaitunia schmitzi
Lehtinen 1967: 275
Zonstein 2009b: 127
A revision of the spider genus Zaitunia (Araneae, Filistatidae)
Sergei Zonstein
Yuri M. Marusik
European Journal of Taxonomy
2016
2016-07-20
214
1
97
7GBLC
Kulczynski, 1911
Kulczynski
1911
[572,1015,1578,1605]
Arachnida
Filistatidae
Zaitunia
Animalia
Araneae
14
15
Arthropoda
species
schmitzi
Figs 6–7, 43A, 50A
Filistata schmitzi Kulczyński, 1911: 13, pl. 1, fig. 3 ( ♂ ♀). Zaitunia schmitzi– Lehtinen 1967: 275, fig. 21 (♂♀). — Zonstein 2009b: 127, figs 1–12 (♂♀).
Diagnosis Males differ from those of all other congeners by a long and large cigar-shaped tegulum, a very thick spermophore occupying the whole bulb, a strongly slanting tip of the cymbium and by the extremely short and sideward-directed embolus (vs smaller coniform and longer forward-directed ones in other species). Females are easily distinguished by their intense dark coloration (darker than that in any other species) as well as their low and small globular receptacles, with outer lobe only slightly exceeding the median one in size ( Fig. 7E–K).
Type material Lectotype(designated by Zonstein 2009b: 127) ISRAEL: ♂, Jerusalem (the current depository unknown; not examined). Paralectotype ISRAEL: 1 ♀, Galilee (the current depository unknown; not examined).
Note Lehtinen (1967)indicated the typeseries as being kept in IZW, but according to Wioletta Wawer, the curator, these typeswere not found there (pers. comm.).
Material examined(47 ♂♂, 28 ♀♀, 8 juvs) EGYPT: 1 ♀, South Sinai, Mt. Catarina, c. 28°33' N, 33°57' E, 16 Jun. 1968, unknown collector ( HUJ). ISRAEL: 1 ♀, Upper Galilee, Mt. Meron, 33°01' N, 35°23' E, 900 m, 4–5 Feb. 2007, T. Levanony( TAU); 1 ♂, same data, but 5–12 Apr. 2007( TAU); 1 ♂, same data, but 12–16 May 2007( TAU); 2 ♂♂, WesternGalilee, ‘ EnhaMifraz, 32°54' N, 35°05' E, 19 Mar. 1944, A. Shulov( HUJ); 1 ♂, same region, ‘ En Ya’aqov, 33°00' N, 35°14' E, 26–31 Jul. 2007, I. Shtirberg( TAU); 1 ♂, Carmel Ridge, Har Horshan, 32°35' N, 35°00' E, near Bat-Shlomo, 28 May 1993, Y. Lubin( HUJ); 2 ♀♀, same ridge, Elyaqim, 32°38' N, 35°04' E, 15 Mar. 1963, M. Warburg( TAU); 1 ♀, JordanValley, Ein Duyuk, 11 Apr. 1968, M. Pener( HUJ); 1 ♀, same locality, 10 Jun. 1970, M. Pener( HUJ); 1 juv., Yizre’el Valley, Bet HaShita, 32°33' N, 35°26' E, 6 Feb. 1937, A. Shulov( TAU); 2 juvs, same region, ‘ En Harod, 32°34' N, 35°23' E, 11 Mar. 1945, A. Shulov( HUJ); 1 ♀, Jerusalem, 16 Jul. 1941, A. Shulov( HUJ); 1 juv., same locality, 12 Dec. 1949, A. Shulov( HUJ); 1 ♀, same locality, 10 Mar. 1961, A. Shulov( HUJ); 1 ♀, same area, Ramat Rahel, 31°44' N, 35°13' E, 23 Apr. 1973, unknown collector ( HUJ); 4 ♂♂, 1 juv., Judean Hills, Sansan Reserve, 31°42' N, 35°05' E, 500–700 m, 22 Mar. 2002, Y. Mandelik( HUJ); 6 ♂♂, same data, but 31 Mar. 2001( HUJ); 1 ♂, same data, but 14 May 2002( HUJ); 7 ♂♂, same area, Ramat Avishur, 31°39' N, 34°55' E, 300–400 m, 22 Feb. 2001, Y. Mandelik( HUJ); 3 ♂♂, same area, Giv’at Zekharya, 31°42' N, 34°57' E, 250–300 m, 22 Mar. 2002, Y. Mandelik( HUJ); 1 ♂, same locality, but 14 May 2002( HUJ); 8 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, 1 juv., same region, National Park Adullam, 1–30 Apr. 2003, U. Columbus& T. Levanony( TAU); 1 ♀, same region, Bet Shemesh, 31°45' N, 34°59' E, 3 Mar. 1954, A. Weissman( HUJ); 1 ♀, same area, 6 kmSW of Bet Shemesh, 31°40' N, 34°57' E, 350 m, 10 May 2009, S. Zonstein( TAU); 1 ♀, same region, 3.5 kmE of Bet Guvrin, 31°37' N, 34°56' E, 350 m, 8 Nov. 2011, S. Zonstein( TAU); 2 ♂♂, same area, near Giv’at Yeshayahu, 31°40' N, 34°57' E, 300–350 m, 20 May 2007, O. Skutelsky( TAU); 1 ♂, same data, but 20 May 2008( TAU); 1 ♂, same area, Matta, 31°43' N, 35°04' E, 620 m, 13–18 Apr. 2007, I. Shtirberg( TAU); 1 ♂, same region, near Lahav, 31°33' N, 34°52' E, 500 m, 25–30 Jul. 2006, I. Shtirberg( TAU); 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, same data, but 13–18 Jan. 2007( TAU); 2 ♀♀, NorthernNegev, Dorot – Ruhama, c. 31°30' N, 34°41' E, 31 Jan. 1972, I. Vaisberg( HUJ); 1 ♂, same region, HaBesor, 31°18' N, 34°29' E, 70 m, 2 Apr. 2010, C. Drees& L. Friedman( TAU); 1 ♀, Dead Sea Area, ‘ Enot Zuqim(En Fashkha), 24 Feb. 1942, A. Shulov( HUJ); 1 ♂, same region, Nahal Perat(Wadi Kelt), 13 Jan. 1945, A. Shulov( HUJ); 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀, same region, surroundings of ‘ En Gedi, 31°27' N, 35°23' E, 0 m, 19 Jan. 2013, S. Zonstein( TAU); 2 ♂♂, 1 juv., Judean Desert, ‘ Arad, 31°16' N, 35°13' E, 20 Dec. 1962, P. Amitai( HUJ); 4 ♀♀, 1 juv., same locality, 13 Feb. 1969, M. Warburg( TAU); 1 ♀, Ma’ale Adummim, 30 Apr. 1972, unknown collector ( HUJ); 1 ♀, CentralNegev, Yeroham, 30°59' N, 34°56' E, 30 Nov. 1964, Blond& Watz( HUJ); 1 juv., same region, crater Makhtesh Gadol, c. 30°57' N, 35°00' E, 1 Apr. 1962, A. Shulov( HUJ).
Description Male(from Jerusalem area) HABITUS. See Fig. 6B. BODY LENGTH. 2.83. COLOUR. Carapace dark yellowish-brown with margins, postocular area and eye tubercle dark brown to brownish-black; chelicerae, labium, sternum and maxillae brown; legs brown with diffuse and poorly developed dark-brown fasciae; abdomen uniformly dark brown. CARAPACE ( Fig. 6E). 1.27 long, 1.03 wide. EYES. AME 0.06, ALE 0.11, PLE 0.08, PME 0.06, AME–AME 0.06. PALP ( Figs 7A-D, 43A). Femur equal in length to tibia; tibia thick, uniformly swollen. Cymbium moderately long, with or without small dorsodistal projection. Broad, blunt-tipped tegulum with thick spermophore forming 4 complete coils closely adjoining each other. Embolus short, lacking a neck, flattened and bent retrolaterally. LEG MEASUREMENTS. ♂(♀) Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total Palp 0.61 (0.80) 0.25 (0.31) 0.59 (0.43) ― 0.24 (0.79) 1.69 (2.33) I 1.31 (1.52) 0.49 (0.49) 1.28 (1.41) 1.10 (1.20) 0.73 (0.91) 4.91 (5.53) II 1.04 (1.15) 0.47 (0.46) 0.98 (0.95) 0.93 (0.85) 0.65 (0.74) 4.07 (4.15) III 0.98 (0.97) 0.46 (0.46) 0.78 (0.59) 0.95 (0.74) 0.64 (0.65) 3.81 (3.41) IV 1.25 (1.36) 0.52 (0.48) 1.16 (1.05) 1.26 (1.06) 0.74 (0.73) 4.93 (4.68) Female(from Jerusalem area) HABITUS. See Figs 6A, 50A. BODY LENGTH. 3.85. COLOUR. As in male, but carapace, palps and legs slightly lighter; in contrast, fasciae on palps and legs somewhat darker than in male. CARAPACE ( Fig. 6D). 1.52 long, 1.18 wide. EYES. AME 0.07, ALE 0.12, PLE 0.10, PME 0.07, AME–AME 0.06. ENDOGYNE ( Fig. 7E–K). With 2 pairs of globular receptacles. Median receptacles two times thinner that lateral; median receptacles separated by 3 diameters; lateral receptacles evenly covered by pores, and median receptacles with pores on head only.
Variation Carapace length in males varies from 1.03 to 1.30, in females from 1.37 to 2.00; ground colouration varies from medium yellowish-brown with a darker brown abdomen to an almost uniform dark brown.
Ecology The species inhabits many typesof habitats, from deserts through steppes and maquis to low oak evergreen forest; in all these habitats, it occurs mainly under rocks (see Fig. 50A).
Distribution Egypt( Sinai) and Israel( Fig. 46).
1291545687
[189,1399,460,487]
1968-06-16
HUJ
Egypt
28.55
Mt. Catarina
1232
33.95
17
18
1
1
South Sinai
1291545704
2007-02-04
2007-02-05
2007-02-04
TAU
T. Levanony
Israel
900
33.016666
Mt. Meron
1207
35.383335
Upper Galilee
17
18
1
1
1291545677
[286,822,561,588]
2007-04-05
2007-04-12
2007-04-05
TAU
T. Levanony
Israel
900
33.016666
Mt. Meron
1207
35.383335
Upper Galilee
17
18
1
1
1291545709
[838,1394,561,588]
2007-05-12
2007-05-16
2007-05-12
TAU
T. Levanony
Israel
900
33.016666
Mt. Meron
1207
35.383335
Upper Galilee
17
18
1
1
1291545690
[189,1267,596,623]
1944-03-19
HUJ
A. Shulov
Israel
32.9
En
1208
35.083332
17
18
2
2
Western
1291545692
2007-07-26
2007-07-31
2007-07-26
TAU
I. Shtirberg
Israel
33.0
En Ya'aqov
1207
35.233334
17
18
1
1
Western
1291545679
1993-05-28
HUJ
Y. Lubin
Israel
Carmel Ridge
32.583332
Bat-Shlomo
1209
35.0
Har Horshan
17
18
1
1
Western
1291545697
1963-03-15
TAU
M. Warburg
Israel
32.633335
Elyaqim
1209
35.066666
17
18
2
2
Western
1291545695
1968-04-11
HUJ
M. Pener
Jordan
Ein Duyuk
17
18
1
1
1291545717
[472,1071,737,764]
1970-06-10
HUJ
M. Pener
Jordan
Ein Duyuk
17
18
1
1
1291545743
1937-02-06
TAU
A. Shulov
Jordan
32.55
Bet HaShita
1210
35.433334
Yizre'el Valley
17
18
1
1291545703
1945-03-11
HUJ
A. Shulov
Jordan
32.566666
En Harod
1210
35.383335
17
18
1
1291545670
[692,1246,808,834]
1941-07-16
HUJ
A. Shulov
Jordan
Jerusalem
17
18
1
1
Jerusalem
1291545693
1949-12-12
HUJ
A. Shulov
Jordan
Jerusalem
17
18
1
Jerusalem
1291545723
[698,1329,843,869]
1961-03-10
HUJ
A. Shulov
Jordan
Jerusalem
17
18
1
1
Jerusalem
1291545710
1973-04-23
HUJ
Jordan
31.733334
Ramat Rahel
1214
35.216667
17
18
1
1
Jerusalem
1291545685
2002-03-22
HUJ
Y. Mandelik
Jordan
600
31.7
Sansan Reserve
1214
35.083332
Judean Hills
17
18
5
4
Jerusalem
1291545689
[189,690,948,975]
2001-03-31
HUJ
Y. Mandelik
Jordan
600
31.7
Sansan Reserve
1214
35.083332
Judean Hills
17
18
6
6
Jerusalem
1291545678
[702,1181,948,975]
2002-05-14
HUJ
Y. Mandelik
Jordan
600
31.7
Sansan Reserve
1214
35.083332
Judean Hills
17
18
1
1
Jerusalem
1291545707
2001-02-22
HUJ
Y. Mandelik
Jordan
350
31.65
Ramat Avishur
1214
34.916668
17
18
7
7
Jerusalem
1291545719
2002-03-22
HUJ
Y. Mandelik
Jordan
275
31.7
Giv'at Zekharya
1214
34.95
17
18
3
3
Jerusalem
1291545715
2002-05-14
HUJ
Y. Mandelik
Jordan
275
31.7
Giv'at Zekharya
1214
34.95
17
18
1
1
Jerusalem
1291545713
2003-04-01
2003-04-30
2003-04-01
TAU
U. Columbus & T. Levanony
Jordan
National Park Adullam
17
18
11
2
8
Jerusalem
1291545734
1954-03-03
HUJ
A. Weissman
Jordan
31.75
Bet Shemesh
1214
34.983334
17
18
1
1
Jerusalem
1291545726
2009-05-10
TAU
S. Zonstein
Jordan
350
31.666666
Bet Shemesh
1214
34.95
17
18
1
1
Jerusalem
1291545701
2011-11-08
TAU
S. Zonstein
Jordan
350
31.616667
Bet Guvrin
1215
34.933334
17
18
1
1
Jerusalem
1291545732
2007-05-20
TAU
O. Skutelsky
Jordan
325
31.666666
Giv'at Yeshayahu
1214
34.95
17
18
2
2
Jerusalem
1291545682
[571,1043,1230,1257]
2008-05-20
TAU
O. Skutelsky
Jordan
325
31.666666
Giv'at Yeshayahu
1214
34.95
17
18
1
1
Jerusalem
1291545700
2007-04-13
2007-04-18
2007-04-13
TAU
I. Shtirberg
Jordan
620
31.716667
Matta
1214
35.066666
17
18
1
1
Jerusalem
1291545702
2006-07-25
2006-07-30
2006-07-25
TAU
I. Shtirberg
Jordan
500
31.55
Lahav
1215
34.866665
17
18
1
1
Jerusalem
1291545749
2007-01-13
2007-01-18
2007-01-13
TAU
I. Shtirberg
Jordan
500
31.55
Lahav
1215
34.866665
17
18
3
2
1
Jerusalem
1291545686
[281,1394,1336,1362]
1972-01-31
HUJ
I. Vaisberg
Jordan
31.5
Dorot - Ruhama
1216
34.683334
17
18
2
2
Northern
1291545718
[189,1371,1371,1397]
2010-04-02
TAU
C. Drees & L. Friedman
Jordan
70
31.3
HaBesor
1216
34.483334
17
18
1
1
Northern
1291545727
1942-02-24
HUJ
A. Shulov
Jordan
Enot Zuqim
Dead Sea Area
17
18
1
1
Northern
1291545714
1945-01-13
HUJ
A. Shulov
Jordan
Nahal Perat
17
18
1
1
Northern
1291545741
2013-01-19
TAU
S. Zonstein
Jordan
31.45
En Gedi
1216
35.383335
17
18
4
3
1
Northern
1291545733
1962-12-20
HUJ
P. Amitai
Jordan
31.266666
Arad
1217
35.216667
Judean Desert
17
18
3
2
Northern
1291545711
1969-02-13
TAU
M. Warburg
Jordan
31.266666
Arad
1217
35.216667
Judean Desert
17
18
5
4
Northern
1291545712
[281,1036,1547,1573]
1972-04-30
HUJ
Jordan
Ma'ale Adummim
17
18
1
1
Northern
1291545725
1964-11-30
HUJ
Blond & Watz
Jordan
30.983334
Yeroham
1218
34.933334
17
18
1
1
Central
1291545735
1962-04-01
HUJ
A. Shulov
Jordan
30.95
Makhtesh Gadol
1218
35.0
17
18
1
Central