Cobitis phrygica Battalgazi, 1944: 300
Review of the genus Cobitis in the Middle East, with the description of eight new species (Teleostei: Cobitidae)
Freyhof, Jörg
Bayçelebi, Esra
Geiger, Matthias
Zootaxa
2018
2018-12-21
4535
1
1
75
WK2Y
Battalgazi, 1944
Battalgazi
1944
[151,557,1663,1689]
Actinopterygii
Cobitidae
Cobitis
GBIF
Animalia
Cypriniformes
24
25
Chordata
species
phrygica
( Fig. 19)
Cobitis phrygicaBattalgazi, 1944: 300, fig. 1 ( typelocality: Turkey: prov.: Afyonkarahisar, Aci Göl [Lake Acigöl, 37.816 29.883]).
Material examined. FSJF 2013, 9, 56–79mmSL; Turkey: Burdur prov.: stream north of Bucakat main road to Burdur, 37.512 30.541.— FSJF 2375, 26, 59–119mmSL; Turkey: Muğlaprov.: stream Eşen at Kınık Fethiye, 36.827 29.560.— FSJF 2468, 22, 58–80mmSL; Turkey: Denizli prov.: spring east of Gemişat southern shore of Lake Acı, 37.773 29.845.— FSJF 2572, 15, 46–94mmSL; Turkey: Burdur prov.: spring Kırkpınar south of Karamusa, south of Tefenni, 37.184 29.756.— FSJF 2584, 3, 72–96mmSL; Turkey: Burdur prov.: stream north of Gölhisarat Çamköy bridge, 37.244 29.529.— FSJF 3199, 8, 55–74mmSL; Turkey: Burdurprov.: stream Salda at Salda, 37.522 29.638. Material used in molecular genetic analysis. FSJF DNA 59; Turkey: Muğlaprov.: stream Sekiat Kınık Fethiye, 36.827 29.560. (GenBank accession numbers: KJ552867, KJ552954).— FSJF DNA-979; Turkey: Denizliprov.: spring east of Gemişat southern shore of Lake Acı, 37.773, 29.845. (GenBank accession numbers: KJ552845, KJ552900, KJ553165).— FSJF DNA-1565; Turkey: Burdurprov.: stream Saldaat Salda, 37.522N 29.638E. ( BOLDaccession numbers: BOLD EUFWF2537-18, EUFWF2538-18).— FSJF DNA-1083; Turkey: Burdurprov.: stream north of Gölhisarat Çamköybridge, 37.244 29.529. ( BOLDaccession number: EUFWF4377-18).— FSJF DNA-1565; Turkey: Burdurprov.: stream Saldaat Salda, 37.522 29.638. ( BOLDaccession number: EUFWF2538-18).— FSJF DNA-2832; Turkey: Muğlaprov.: Eşen Riverabout 1 kmwest of Kınık, 36.825 29.562. ( BOLDaccession number: EUFWF2725-18).
Diagnosis. Cobitis phrygicacan be distinguished from other Cobitisspecies in the Asian Mediterranean Sea basin and the endorheic basins in Central Anatoliaby a combination of characters, none of them unique. It is superficially very similar to C. battalgilaeand both species show a large and overlapping variability of colour patterns within and between populations. Cobitis phrygicais distinguished from C. battalgilaeby lacking the black spot at the upper caudal-fin base (vs. present, often very small and comma-shaped), the anterior nare not reaching to the hint margin of the posterior nare when folded down (vs. reaching), having a simple external part of the suborbital spine (vs. bifurcate), a shorter caudal peduncle (11–14% SL vs. 14–16) and a smaller eye diameter in the male (14–15% HL vs. 16–20). Based on DNA barcodes both species differ by a minimum of 5.8% K2P distance. Cobitis phrygicais distinguished from C. dorademiriand C. levantinaby having a simple external part of the suborbital spine (vs. bifurcate), the flank pattern often completely or partly dissociated into small spots or irregularly-shaped blotches often reaching much below the lateral midline (vs. flank pattern usually organised in Gambetta zones and Z4 not dissociated in C. levantinaor rarely dissociated into a field of spots and blotches in C. dorademiri), having a narrower caudal peduncle (caudal-peduncle depth 0.7–0.9 times in caudal-peduncle length vs. 1.0– 1.2 in C. dorademiri), lacking the black spot at the upper caudal-fin base (vs. present in C. levantina) and the blotches in Z4 often fused or very densely set in individuals smaller than 50 mmSL (vs. well separated in C. levantina).
Cobitis phrygicais distinguished from C. evreniby the blotches in Z4 or all Gambetta zones dissociated into spots and blotches in many individuals or formed by a series of midlateral blotches (vs. fused into a stripe anterior to the vertical of the anal-fin origin). Cobitis phrygicais distinguished from C. bilselifrom Lake Beyşehir basin as well as from C. fahireaefrom the AegeanSea basin by having two laminae circularis in the male (vs. one).
Distribution. Cobitis phrygicais widespread in Central Anatolia, where it occurs in the basins of the Lakes Acı, Burdur, Salda and Sögüt and in the Aksu, an endorheic stream north of Bucak. Cobitis phrygicais also found in the Eşen River and the upper Dalaman River drainages, which flow to the southernmost Aegean Sea basin.
Remarks.Molecular data shown in Fig. 1and by Geiger et al.(2014)place Cobitis phrygicain the C. simplicispinaspecies group ( C. battalgilae, C. bilseli, C. dorademiri, C. joergbohleni, C. pirii, C. simplicispina, C. sipahilerae, C. turcica). Based on DNA barcoding it is well separated from all other included Cobitisand by a minimum K2P distance of 3.5% to C. dorademiri, also supported as PTP and mPTP entity. The colour pattern in C. phrygicais very variable within and between populations, making this species very difficult to characterize. Some individuals have the flank pattern well organised in the Gambetta zones (e.g., C. simplicispinaand C. battalgilae) while in others, the flank is covered by small spots similar to C. turcica. We found also all kinds of intermediate colour patterns between individuals with well-organised Gambetta zones and others with Gambetta zones completely dissociated. While the simple suborbital spine distinguishes C. phrygicafrom the species discussed above, this character state is also found in C. joergbohleniand C. piriidescribed below, while in C. turcicasome individuals have a simple and others have a bifurcate suborbital spine, the outer spine being very small in some C. turcica. In extreme cases and based on current knowledge, only molecular characters will allow the distinguishing of Cobitis phrygica. See below for details to distinguish C. phrygicafrom C. simplicispina, C. sipahilerae, C. turcica, and C. piriiand in other Cobitisspecies found in the Asian Mediterranean Sea basin.
2120485383
[394,917,1867,1892]
FSJF
Turkey
Burdur
24
25
FSJF 2013, 9, 56-79
1
Burdur
2120484895
Turkey
Bucak
24
25
1
Burdur
2120487113
[444,1004,1903,1928]
FSJF
Turkey
Mugla
24
25
FSJF 2375, 26, 59-119
1
Mugla
2120485958
[347,887,1939,1964]
FSJF
Turkey
Denizli
24
25
FSJF 2468, 22, 58-80
1
Denizli
2120486925
Turkey
Lake Aci
Gemis
24
25
1
Denizli
2120485765
[480,1045,1975,2000]
FSJF
Turkey
Burdur
24
25
FSJF 2572, 15, 46-94
1
Burdur
2120487705
Turkey
Tefenni
Karamusa
24
25
1
Burdur
2120487213
[671,1185,2011,2036]
FSJF
Turkey
Burdur
24
25
FSJF 2584, 3, 72-96
1
Burdur
2120486056
Turkey
25
26
Golhisar
24
25
1
Burdur
2120486357
[667,1184,151,176]
FSJF
Turkey
Burdur
25
26
FSJF 3199, 8, 55-74
1
Burdur
2120485867
[751,922,223,248]
FSJF
25
26
DNA 59
1
2120485382
Turkey
Kinik Fethiye
Seki
25
26
1
Mugla
2120487312
[1065,1246,260,284]
FSJF
Turkey
25
26
DNA-979
1
Mugla
2120485671
Turkey
Lake Aci
Gemis
25
26
1
Denizli
2120485097
[579,779,332,357]
FSJF
Turkey
25
26
DNA-1565
1
Denizli
2120485283
BOLD
Turkey
37.522
Salda
70
29.638
Salda
25
26
EUFWF2537-18, EUFWF2538-18
1
Burdur
2120485672
[1131,1331,368,392]
FSJF
Turkey
true
37.522
Salda
70
29.638
Salda
25
26
DNA-1083
1
Burdur
2120485198
BOLD
Turkey
Camkoy
Golhisar
25
26
EUFWF4377-18
1
Burdur
2120486727
[381,581,439,464]
FSJF
Turkey
true
Camkoy
Golhisar
25
26
DNA-1565
1
Burdur
2120487708
BOLD
Turkey
Salda
Salda
25
26
EUFWF2538-18
1
Burdur
2120487707
[605,802,476,500]
FSJF
Turkey
true
Salda
Salda
25
26
DNA-2832
1
Burdur
2120485771
BOLD
Turkey
Kinik
Esen River
25
26
EUFWF2725-18
1
Mugla