Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of the tarantula genera Tapinauchenius Ausserer, 1871, Psalmopoeus Pocock, 1985, and Amazonius n. gen. (Theraphosidae, Psalmopoeinae) Cifuentes, Yeimy Bertani, Rogerio Zootaxa 2022 2022-02-23 5101 1 1 123 99BMR Cifuentes & Bertani 2022 [151,416,356,382] Arachnida Theraphosidae Amazonius Animalia Araneae 110 111 Arthropoda species giovaninii gen. nov.  ( Figs 19, 311, 357–359, 364–397)   Diagnosis.Females of  Amazonius giovaninii  n. gen.n. sp.resemble those of  A. germani  n. gen.n. sp.by the spermathecae having a single subsegmented apical lobe ( Fig. 371). They can be distinguished by the femora I and II covered ventrally with short stiff setae ( Figs 357–359). Males resemble those of  A. burgessi  n. comb.by the male palpal bulb embolus roughly straight with a slight curvature distally ( Fig. 367). They differ by the embolus thicker narrowing abruptly on its distal portion ( Fig. 367).   Etymology.The specific epithet is a patronym in honor of Dener Giovanini, a Brazilian environmentalist and founder of the RENCTAS—National Network to Combat Trafficking in Wild Animals.   Type material.  Holotypefemale from Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus, Igarapé Jacare, off west side upper Rio Taruma-Açu( 02°53’49.92’’S, 60°7’16.08” W), N. Gordoncol.,  Nov 1996, in thatched roof of hut ( MNRJ 7715);  paratypemale from Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus, UFAM[ 3°05’S, 59°58’W], M. Q. Almeidacol.  28 May 2007( INPA 9105).  Other material examined.  BRAZIL:  Amazonas: no locality (P6 T2 MC),  1 male( INPA 9104);  Manaus[ 3°05’S, 59°58’W], 1 male, A. Coletto,  December 2004( INPA 9103);  Manaus[ 3°05’S, 59°58’W], 1 female, F.J.A. Peraltacol.,  06 July 1991( INPA 4880);  Manaus, 1 female, without additional data ( IBSP 3814);  Manaus, Igarapé Jacare( 02°53’49.92’’ S, 60°7’16.08’’ W), off west side upper Rio Tarumã-Açu, 1 male, 1 female, J. Calavanticol.,  01 November 1996( MNRJ 7716); ZF2, km 14, Malaisegrande, no chão ( 2°35’21”S, 60°06’55”W), 1 male, J. A. Rafaeland F. F. Xavier( INPA 9106);  Reserva PDBFF, km 41 [ 2°20’S, 60°0’W], arm. Suspensa/ sub-bosque, 1 male, R. Querino, S. Costa, A. Nazareno, L. Queiroz, M. Feitosaand J. Deus,  21–22 July 2004( INPA 9107);  Reserva Ducke[ 2°55’S, 59°58’W], Arm. Malaise, Platô Norte/ Sul, 1 male, G. Freitasand M. Feitosa,  14 February to 06 March 2007( INPA 9108);  Reserva Ducke( 2°55’4.35”S, 59°58’38W), Malaise, turma 2017, 1 female, D. A. Limaand N. T. B. Antunes,  15 October to 09 December 2016( INPA 9109);  Presidente Figueiredo, Balbina UHE[ 1°54’S, 59°28’W], Uatumã river, 1 female,  April 1985, in Inajátree ( INPA 9110).   Description.Female holotype(MNRJ 7715). Total length, not including chelicerae or spinnerets 35.44. Carapace 13.89 long, 11.78 wide, 7.97 high. Chelicera: 7.68 long. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 11.88, 7.13, 9.58, 8.81, 5.08, 42.48; II: 11.13, 5.77, 8.46, 8.29, 5.52, 39.17; III: 9.37, 5.25, 7.26, 8.04, 4.75, 34.67; IV: 11.66, 5.86, 10.67, 10.97, 5.10, 44.26; Palp: 7.96, 4.65, 5.38, -, 6.39, 24.38. Midwidths: femora I–IV= 2.30, 2.50, 2.59, 2.23, palp= 1.83; patellae I–IV= 2.58, 2.44, 2.36, 2.34, palp= 2.13; tibiae I–IV= 2.42, 2.15, 2.08, 2.12, palp= 1.93; metatarsi I–IV= 2.06, 1.77, 1.65, 1.47; tarsi I–IV= 1.96, 1.85, 1.66, 1.56, palp= 1.81. Abdomen: 20.88 long, 13.07 wide. Spinnerets: PMS, 0.97 long, 0.40 wide, 0.67 apart; PLS, 1.2 basal, 0.93 middle, 1.23 distal; midwidths 0.74, 0.77, 0.49, respectively. Carapace: 1.18 times longer than wide; cephalic region slightly raised, thoracic striae conspicuous. Fovea: deep, straight, 1.63 wide. Eyes: eye tubercle 0.62 high, 1.85 long, 3.26 wide. Clypeus absent. Anterior eye row straight, posterior slightly recurved. Eye size and interdistances: AME 0.72, ALE 0.78, PME 0.50, PLE 0.67, AME–AME 0.46, AME–ALE 0.30, AME–PME 0.22, ALE–ALE 2.16, ALE–PME 0.42, PME–PME 1.76, PME–PLE 1.18, PLE–PLE 2.52, ALE–PLE 0.27. Maxilla: length to width 1.63. Cuspules: ca. 197 spread over ventral inner heel. Labium: 1.05 long, 2.38 wide, with ca. 150 cuspules spaced by one diameter from each other on anterior third. Chelicera: basal segment with 9 teeth in row. Strikers: Long and short filiform setae, disposed without discernible pattern on a ventral-basal portion of chelicera before the teeth row ( Fig. 375). Sternum: 6.92 long, 5.90 wide.   FIGURES 372–375.  Amazonius giovaninii  n. gen.n. sp. (372–373)paratype male (INPA 9105). 372,left maxilla (mirrored) showing lyra. 373,basal chelicerae showing strikers. (374–375)holotype female (MNRJ 7715). 374,left maxilla (mirrored) showing lyra. 375,basal chelicerae showing strikers. Scale bars = 1 mm. Legs: Formula: I = IV II III. Length leg IV to I: 1.04. Scopula: Tarsi I–IV fully scopulate; IV with a few sparse setae. Metatarsi I–II fully scopulate; III 1/2 distal; IV 1/4 distal. IV divided by rows of setae. Femora I ventrally and laterally with short scale like setae ( Figs 357–359). Spination: Palps and legs (ventral apical: tibia/metatarsi): Palp 0; I: 0/0; II 2/0; III 0/2; IV 0/2. Maxillary stridulatory organ: weakly developed, composed of slightly thick setae with rugose aspect, not disposed on an ordered line, grouped forming an oval patch on the prolateral face of the maxillae ( Fig. 374). Spermathecae ( Fig. 371): Two spermathecae completely separated, slightly curved apically with a subdivided apical lobe. Color pattern (preserved in alcohol): Carapace brown, leg and palpal femora brown, abdomen with a central line connected with 2–3 transverse lateral stripes.  Description.Male (INPA 9105). Total length, not including chelicerae or spinnerets 29.44. Carapace 11.33 long, 11.13 wide, 2.99 high. Chelicera: 6.00 long. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 14.80, 7.30, 12.87, 11.93, 6.42, 53.32; II: 13.08, 5.96, 11.09, 10.66, 5.52, 46.31; III: 10.82, 4.77, 8.65, 10.03, 4.57, 38.84; IV: 13.55, 5.60, 11.92, 13.46, 4.92, 49.45; Palp: 8.58, 4.33, 7.60, -, 2.38, 22.89. Midwidths: femora I–IV= 2.31, 2.21, 2.15, 2.09, palp= 1.74; patellae I–IV= 2.03, 2.11, 1.92, 1.93, palp= 1.65; tibiae I–IV= 1.59, 1.48, 1.52, 1.68, palp= 1.53; metatarsi I–IV= 1.24, 1.13, 1.06, 1.01; tarsi I–IV= 1.06, 1.15, 1.14, 1.10, palp= 1.80. Abdomen: 16.16 long, 9.65 wide. Spinnerets: PMS, 1.50 long, 0.65 wide, 0.37 apart; PLS, 2.32 basal, 1.94 middle, 2.78 distal; midwidths 0.91, 0.94, 0.83, respectively. Carapace: 1.02 times longer than wide; cephalic region slightly raised, thoracic striae conspicuous. Fovea: deep, straight, 1.09 wide. Eyes: eye tubercle 0.38 high, 2.00 long, 2.84 wide. Clypeus: absent. Anterior eye row straight, posterior slightly recurved. Eye size and interdistances: AME 0.80, ALE 0.69, PME 0.46, PLE 0.61, AME–AME 0.44, AME–ALE 0.14, AME–PME 0.13, ALE–ALE 1.94, ALE–PME 0.17,   FIGURES 376–387.  Amazonius giovaninii  n. gen.n. sp.male palp bulb variation. (376–378)MNRJ 7716, left bulb (mirrored). 376,retrolateral. 377,prolateral. 378,dorsal. (379–381)INPA 9107, right bulb. 379,retrolateral. 380,prolateral. 381,dorsal. (382–384)INPA 9108, left bulb (mirrored). 382,retrolateral. 383,prolateral. 384,dorsal. (385–387)INPA 9106, left bulb (mirrored). 385,retrolateral. 386,prolateral. 387,dorsal. Scale bars = 1 mm.   FIGURES 388–391.  Amazonius giovaninii  n. gen.n. sp., spermathecae variation. 388,MNRJ 7716. 389,INPA 9110. 390,IBSP 3814. 391,INPA 9109. Scale bars = 1 mm. PME–PME 1.59, PME–PLE 0.12, PLE–PLE 2.07, ALE–PLE 0.50. Maxilla: length to width 1.52. Cuspules: ca. 155 spread over ventral inner heel. Labium: 1.49 long, 2.02 wide, with ca. 117 cuspules spaced by one diameter from each other on anterior third. Chelicera: basal segment with 9 teeth in row. Strikers: Long and short filiform setae, disposed without discernible pattern on a ventral-basal portion of chelicera before and beginning of teeth row ( Fig. 373). Sternum: 6.18 long, 4.81 wide. Legs: Formula: I = IV II III. Length leg IV to leg I: 0.93. Scopula: Tarsi I–IV fully scopulate. Metatarsi I–II fully scopulate; III 2/3 distal; IV 1/2 distal. IV divided by rows of setae. Spination: Palps and legs (ventral apical: tibia/metatarsi): Palp 0; I: 1 behind retrolateral process of tibial apophysis; II: 3/0; III 2/2; IV 1/2. Maxillary stridulatory organ: weakly developed, composed of slightly thick setae with rugose aspect, not disposed on an ordered line, grouped like a spot on prolateral face of the maxillae ( Fig. 372). Tibial apophysis ( Figs 368–370): two processes, retrolateral longer than prolateral, one spine at side of prolateral, one at the apical part of retrolateral process and another on its median area. A rounded protuberance behind retrolateral process. Metatarsus I sinuous, folds on retrolateral side of tibial apophysis. Palp (figs 364–367): tegulum length 1.04, width 1.2, embolus proximal width 0.64, length 4.11 Embolus proximal portion straight. Embolus length to tegulum lengh: 3.95. Embolus roughly straight with a slight curvature distally, narrowing abruptly on its distal portion. Embolus tip roughly straight. Color pattern (preserved in alcohol): Carapace, chelicerae, legs, labium, sternum and maxillae light brown, abdomen lighter.   Distribution. Brazil( Fig. 311). 3861806399 1996-11 2007-05-28 1996-11 UFAM N. Gordon & M. Q. Almeida Brazil Manaus -3.0833333 Amazonas 1307 -59.966667 Amazonas 110 111 MNRJ 7715, INPA 9105 2 holotype 3861806408 1996-11 2007-05-28 1996-11 UFAM N. Gordon & M. Q. Almeida Brazil Manaus -3.0833333 Amazonas 1307 -59.966667 Amazonas 110 111 MNRJ 7715, INPA 9105 2 paratype 3861806363 [508,1007,819,845] MC Brazil Amazonas 110 111 T2 1 3861806341 [1016,1239,819,845] INPA Brazil 110 111 INPA 9104 1 1 3861806413 2004-12 INPA A. Coletto Brazil -3.0833333 Manaus 1307 -59.966667 110 111 INPA 9103 1 1 3861806376 1991-07-06 INPA F. J. A. Peralta Brazil -3.0833333 Manaus 1307 -59.966667 110 111 INPA 4880 1 1 3861806367 [524,1157,891,917] IBSP Brazil Manaus 110 111 IBSP 3814 1 1 3861806446 1996-11-01 MNRJ J. Calavanti Brazil -2.8971999 Manaus 1 -60.12113 Igarape Jacare 110 111 MNRJ 7716 2 1 1 3861806321 INPA J. A. Rafael & F. F. Xavier Brazil -2.5891666 Malaise 21 -60.115276 110 111 INPA 9106 1 1 3861806372 2004-07-21 2004-07-22 2004-07-21 PDBFF, R J.A. Rafael & F.F. Xavier Brazil Querino -2.3333333 Reserva 1307 -60.0 Suspensa 110 111 INPA 9107 1 1 3861806378 2007-02-14 2007-03-06 2007-02-14 INPA G. Freitas & M. Feitosa Brazil Sul -2.9166667 Reserva Ducke 1307 -59.966667 Plato Norte 110 111 INPA 9108 1 1 3861806330 2016-10-15 2016-12-09 2016-10-15 T D. A. Lima & B. Antunes Brazil -2.917875 Reserva Ducke 15 -59.977222 Malaise 110 111 INPA 9109 1 1 3861806371 1985-04 UHE Inaja Brazil Uatuma river -1.9 Presidente Figueiredo 1307 -59.466667 Balbina 110 111 INPA 9110 1 1