D. carvalhoi Dolops geayi D. carvalhoi A new species of Argulus (Crustacea, Branchiura, Argulidae) from the skin of catfish, with new records of branchiurans from wild fish in the Brazilian Pantanal wetland Tavares, Luiz E. R. Zootaxa 2017 2017-09-18 4320 3 447 469 Lemos de Castro, 1949 Lemos de Castro 1949 [151,649,1484,1510] Maxillopoda Argulidae Dolops GBIF Animalia Arguloida 15 462 Arthropoda species carvalhoi    D. carvalhoi: LEMOS DE CASTRO (1949): 4–6, fIGS. 9–20, 23–25;  Dolops geayiBOUVIER, 1897: IN PART WEIbEZAHN & CObO (1964): 123, PL. I–II;  D. carvalhoi: LEMOS DE CASTRO (1985): 12, 57–59; THATcHER (2006): 394, 396, 399.    Typehost.  Rhaphiodon vulpinusAgassiz, 1829(Lemos de Castro 1949)    Typelocality. Confluence between Kuluene and Xingu Rivers, state of Mato Grosso, Brasil( Lemosde Castro 1949)  Other hosts and localities.  R. vulpinus,  C. macropomum, the clupeiform  Pellona castelnaeanaValenciennes, 1847,  P. fasciatum,  P. tigrinum,  Phractocephalus hemiliopterus(Bloch & Schneider, 1801), Janauacá Lake, state of Amazonas, Brazil(  Malta& Varella 1983);  P. nattereri,  Serrasalmus spilopleuraKner, 1858,  S. marginatus, Brazilian Pantanalwetland, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil(Carvalho et al.2003);  P. nattereri, Araguaia River Basin, state of Goiás, Brazil(Carvalho et al.2004);  P. fasciatum(Linnaeus, 1766),  P. tigrinum, Ichilo River, Bolivia( Mamani et al.2004).  Material deposited.10 vouchers: 1 adult male ZUEC-CRU 3505, 4 July 2008, 1 adult female ZUEC-CRU 3506, 1 adult female INPA 2312, 8 July 2008, 1 adult male ZUEC-CRU 3503, 1 adult female MZUSP 36232, 8 July 2009, in ethanol 70%,  Pseudoplatystoma corruscans, skin; 1 adult female ZUEC-CRU 3502, 1 adult female INPA 2313, in ethanol 70%, 8 July 2009,  Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum, skin;  1 adultfemale ZUEC-CRU 3507, in ethanol 70%,  8 July 2008,  Zungarozungaro, skin; 1 immature female INPA 2314, in Hoyer’smedium, 1 immature female ZUEC-CRU 3404,  8 July 2009, skin,  Salminus brasiliensis; all from Cuiabá River, Parque Nacional do Pantanal Matogrossense, Mato Grosso, Brazil( 17°49′37.77″ S, 57°22′53.38”W).   Measurements.Based on 3 malesand 8 females. Total length (mm) 5.2 (4.2–6.1, n = 2) in males, 7.4 (5–11.1) in females. Carapace length 3.4 (2.7–4.1, n = 2) in males, 5.1 (3.6–7.7) in females; maximum carapace width 4.6 (3.2–6, n = 2) in males, 6 (4.3–8.5) in females. Carapace posterior sinus length 1 (0.7–1.2; n = 2) in males, 1.7 (1– 2.5) in females; width 1.2 (0.9–1.6, n = 2) in males, 2 (1.5–3) in females. Cephalothorax length 2 (1.5–2.9) in males, 3.2 (1.4–5.2) in females; anterior width 2 (1.6–2.5) in males, 3.5 (2.3–7) in females. Abdomen length 2.3 (1.5–3.1, n = 2) in males, 2.1 (1.5–2.9) in females; width 1.2 (1.1–1.3, n = 2) in males, 1.8 (1.3–2.4) in females. Abdomen posterior sinus length 1.9 (0.9–2.8, n = 2) in males, 1.4 (0.8–2) in females; width 0.8 (0.3–1.25, n = 2) in males, 0.7 (0.15–1). Eyes diameter (µm) 225 left and 200 right in one male, 336 (250–450, n = 7), left 332 (250– 425, n = 7) right in female; transverse distance between eyes (µm) 725 inone male, 1461 (1050–2000, n = 7) in female. First maxillae length 1.1 (0.8–1.4) left and 1.1 (0.7–1.5) right in males, 1.1 (0.7––1.7) left and 1 (0.7–1.6) right in females; Hook of the first maxillae length (µm) 715 (413–1250) left and 725 (431–1300) right in males, 498 (263–658) left and 452 (273–712.5) in females. Seta-like structure length (µm) 186 (140–250) left and 205 (114–275) right in males, 194 (75–250, n = 7) left and 160 (76.5–310, n = 7) right in females.   Remarks.The specimens of  D. carvalhoithat we observed had a pyriform carapace, which was wider than it was long, and, more frequently, covered all the legs in both males and females. There are no spines on the ventral surface of the carapace of this species (Lemos de Castro 1949) and the testis are bilobate. The presence of these characteristics makes its morphological relationship with  D. longicauda,  D. geayiand  D. nanaLemos de Castro, 1950( Bouvier 1899; Heller 1857; Lemos de Castro 1950) narrower. In his description of  D. nana, Lemos de Castro (1950)stated that there are two spines plus a lobe on the base of the second maxillae. The author also exhibited legs without flagella in his drawings. Nevertheless, specimens of  D. carvalhoi,  D. longicaudaand  D. geayihave three spines on the base of the second maxillae ( Fig. 10D) and flagella in at least the first and second legs. Males and females of  D. carvalhoihave flagella on the first three legs (Lemos de Castro 1949). This, distinguishes them from specimens of  D. geayi, which have flagella on just the first two pairs of legs ( Bouvier 1899; Ringuelet 1943). Lemos de Castro (1949)said that the second pairs of flagella of  D. carvalhoiare the largest and the third pairs smaller. However, in his drawings, he showed the first pair of flagella as smaller. In the specimens examined in the present study, we saw that only males exhibited smaller flagella on the third legs, whereas in  D. longicauda, both males and females exhibited smaller flagella on the third legs. The spines on the base of the second maxillae are similar in  D. carvalhoiand  D. longicauda. The morphology of the anal papillae of the female ( Fig. 10B, 11F) is also similar for these two species. Furthermore, a seta-like structure on the hook of the second maxillae without spines is present in both species ( Fig. 10C, 11E). Morphologically speaking, therefore, the color pattern (bluish or greenish in  D. longicauda, brownish in  D. carvalhoi); the flagella on the third legs of females; and especially the abdomen length (smaller in  D. carvalhoi: 27% and 44%, of female and male total length, respectively; larger in  D. longicauda: 64% of total length) are important characteristics for distinguishing  D. carvalhoifrom  D. longicauda. Yet, there are four to six multi-digit scales on the mandibles of  D. carvalhoi, many of which are present on the legs ( Fig. 10A), while in  D. longicaudathere are no scales on any part of it body. 1638540574 Brazil Confluence Lemos 15 462 1 Mato Grosso holotype 1638540587 2008-07-08 2009-07-08 2008-07-08 INPA Brazil Parque Nacional do Pantanal Matogrossense -17.82716 Zungaro 1 -57.381493 Cuiaba River 16 463 ZUEC-CRU 3507, INPA 2314, ZUEC-CRU 3404 1 1 Mato Grosso