Wilcox 1972: 45
Nelson 1987: 73
Poole & Gentili 1996: 64
Wilcoxia painteri J. Wilcox
Review of the Nearctic genus Wilcoxia James (Diptera: Asilidae: Stenopogoninae) with descriptions of three new species
Pollock, Darren A.
Reichert, Lisa A.
Zootaxa
2019
2019-11-12
4695
5
401
437
5BZ2Y
Wilcox
Wilcox
[181,483,945,972]
Insecta
Asilidae
Wilcoxia
Animalia
Diptera
8
409
Arthropoda
species
painteri
( Figs 5–6, 19, 28, 45, 49–50, 61)
Wilcoxia painteri Wilcox 1972: 45. Typelocality: “New Mexico, Catron Co., Datil, Continental Divide”; Nelson 1987: 73, and Fig. 132 (distribution in Utah); Poole & Gentili 1996: 64. Types. Holotype, male ( CAS), labeled: “ Datil N. Mex. Cont’l Divide 17-VII-30// T.F. Winburn R.H. Painter Coll.// [blue label] HOLOTYPE ♂ Wilcoxia painteri J. Wilcox// California Academy of Sciences Type No. 15793 // AL- LOTYPE IS STORED IN THE GENERAL COLLECTION”. The holotypewas not examined (images studied at: http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/entomology/typesDB/default.asp). The allotypewas examined.
Derivation of specific epithet. Wilcox (1972)named this species after a former dipterist colleague, Reginald H. Painter, who was the co-collector of the holotypeof W. painteri. Painter also collected the entire type series of W. cinerea( James 1941).
Diagnosis. This species may be diagnosed from other species in the cinereagroup by the following combination of characters: scutellum uniformly pollinose, posterior margin not bare; scutum with 2–3 pairs of small, semicircular non-pollinose patches; abdominal tergites mainly bare, non-pollinose; abdominal segment 2 wider than long.
Description. Male( Fig. 5). TL 5.1–6.0 mm; wing 4.5–5.3 mm. Head( Fig. 19) black, covered in pale grey tomentum, some specimens with golden cast, particularly on frons/ vertex, with face (in profile) very slightly protruding beyond eye; hairs and setae of head white, stoutest setae with amber cast; lower occipital hairs relatively short, sparse; ocellar tuberclewith 4 setae (ca. length of postpedicel + style), light yellow in color; mystax( Fig. 19) relatively sparse, consisting of very long setae (ca. length of antenna), confined to lower 1/3 of face; setae white, bases perpendicular to plane of face; palpi and proboscisbrown with white hairs; antennomeresbrown, pollinose, scape bare, shining; scape and pedicel with several relatively long ventral setae and several short hairs dorsally; ratio of antennomere lengths (scape: pedicel: postpedicel: style+spine) = 5: 6: 19: 8. Thoraxdark brown to black, covered in light grey tomentum; scutumwith divided median stripe, darker grey to brown pollinose; acrostichal setae present, 4–5 per row; scutum surface with three dark brown pollinose spots, decreasing in size anteriorly to posteriorly, located medial to notopleural setae, supraalar seta, and postalar setae; posterior spot vaguely indicated in some specimens; scutum with sparse pile of short, white hairs (shorter than scape), primarily presuturally; most specimens with 2 notopleural setae, 1 supraalar seta and 1 postalar seta; stoutest thoracic setae with amber cast; scutellumuniformly pale grey pollinose; 2 yellowish marginal setae, about length of scutellum, erect and subperpendicular to plane of scutellum, more or less parallel to each other; several marginal hairs present; disc of scutellum with few short hairs; pleuralight grey pollinose; katatergitewith about 10 long, fine white setae, tips not “crinkly” (e.g., Fig. 44); wingshyaline, slightly yellow; costa complete around entire wing margin; microtrichiae dense and conspicuous on distal 2/3 of wing; halterwith base brown and yellow, stem and knob yellow; legs( Figs 5–6) non-pollinose, with tibiae and tarsi yellow, darker distally; trochanters brown/black; femora mostly black, very narrowly yellow at base and with distal ca. 1/4 yellow; leg hairs and setae white, stoutest setae with amber cast; femora dorsally with relatively dense white, appressed hairs (<femur width); ventrally with short, suberect white hairs and a few long white hairs (longest> femur width); tibiae with sparse, short (<tibia width) appressed yellowish hairs, ventrally with a few longer, more erect hairs (especially on front tibiae); mesotibial spine blackish-brown; some specimens with slightly, but distinctly, sigmoid spine ventrally at apex of protibia, darker than other tibial hairs/spines. Abdomen( Fig. 5) black anteriorly, gradually lightened and browner posteriorly, with sparse, short white hairs; segments relatively wide, 2–5 at least as wide as long; pollinosity light grey, forming narrow band (may approach midlength on tergite 2) on tergites 1–5, and lateral margin of tergites 1–7, with slight medial expansion on posterior corners of tergites 2–6; sternitespale grey pollinose, with relatively sparse, short white hairs, not noticeably differing in length from anterior to posterior sternites. Male genitalia( Figs 49–50). Apex of dorsal gonocoxite process moderately deeply bifid, inner lobe distinctly longer than outer, carina on outer lobe absent; dorsal process extending well past apex of ventral gonocoxite process; medial gonocoxite processes moderately thin, moderately curved towards phallus; gonostylus thin, arcuate, apex not truncate; phallus without distinct, subapical denticle on lateral margins; lateral margins evenly narrowed to apex. Female( Fig. 6). TL 4.2–7.9 mm; wing 4.1–5.7 mm; features similar to male, except for the following: light grey pollinosity of head and pleura with golden cast; tergites 1–5 or 6 with anterior band of light grey pollinosity, with lateral margins light grey pollinose, with medial expansion in posterior corners of tergites 2–5 ( Figs 6, 28). Notes. As noted below in the Discussion, W. painteriis unique among species of Wilcoxiain having at least some specimens with a short, sigmoidal spine at the apex of the front tibia ( Fig. 45). This feature has been mentioned and used by various authors for suprageneric groupings; its presence in W. painterimay indicate that the present generic placement of this species is in error. Couplet 8 in Wood (1981)involves the apicoventral “sigmoidal” spine(s) on the front tibia. Because this feature is variable among specimens of W. painteri, it is possible that this species will not key out to Wilcoxia. If the spine is present and is deemed by the user of the key to be “differentiated, enlarged, and/or sigmoidal”, the specimen will key to Cophura. Natural history. Very little can be gleaned from labels on examined specimens. A “blue grama” label is on two specimens from Catron Co., New Mexico; presumably these individuals were collected in association with, or on, blue grama grass ( Bouteloua gracilis). Another specimen (Kane Co., Utah) has a handwritten label indicating a genus of plant. However, the handwriting on this label is poor and the name cannot be read clearly. Wilcox (1972)mentioned this specimen and interpreted the name on the label as “ Sutienzia”. An internet search failed to find any plant taxon with this genus name. A long series of specimens ( 2 males, 22 females) from Oneida Co., Idaho were collected in a Malaise trap. Specimens of W. painteriwere collected from 23.vi–23.ix.
Distribution( Fig. 61). Known from seven states, this species exhibits the widest distribution of any Wilcoxia; the range comprises a roughly diagonal area from SE Oregon at its northwest extent, to SW New Mexicoat its southeast, with Utah at its center. That more localities are known from Utah than all other states combined is likely indicative of greater collecting effort in that state. Collection locality elevations range from 4,017 (Oregon) to 7,388 feet(New Mexico). Non-primary typematerial examined. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Arizona. Apache Co.Chin Lee [= Chinle] [ 36.15368, -109.552575], 26.vii.1935, Brues, ( EMFC, 1♀). Colorado. Moffat Co.Dinosaur NM, Echo Park[ 40.52014, -108.986618], 18.viii.1993, Kondratieff, Durfee, Fitzgerald, ( CSU, 1♀). Montezuma Co.Mesa Verde NP, MancosR. Cyn[ 37.098663, -108.468964], 8.viii.1999, B. Kondratieff, S. Wells, W. Cranshaw, P. Pineda, W. Painter, ( CSU, 1♀). Idaho. Oneida Co. 5 mi.NE Holbrook[ 42.213372, -112.584019] ix.1971, Malaise trap, ( USUC, 2♂, 22♀). Nevada. Nye Co.Current [interpreted as “Currant”] Creek[ 38.7138228, -115.5800319], 15.viii.1945, ( BYUC, 1♂). Elko Co.Int. 80 Exit360 Moor[ 41.116894, -114.815025] 24.viii.1995, P.H. Arnaud Jr., Field Note#01393, USNMENT 01457181, ( USNM, 1♀). New Mexico. Catron Co.Ake Ranch [33.85917, -107.74], 22.vii.1964, S.R. Race, blue grama, ( NMSU, 1♀; EMFC, 1♀); Datil[ 34.144856, -107.842938], ContinentalDi- vide, 17.vii.1930, T.F. Winburn& R.H. Painter, ( CAS, 1♂, 2♀; EMFC 1♀). Oregon. Harney Co.T34S R35E S10 [ 42.6034, -118.3815] dunes 1B, 1.ix.1979, Lightfoot& Cobb, ( OSAC, 1♂[ OSAC_0001005826]); T36S R35E S8 [ 42.4293, -118.4205] N1/2 A-M, 7.viii.1979, Lightfoot& Cobb, ( OSAC, 1♂[ OSAC_0001005827]); T34S R35E S10 [ 42.6034, -118.3815] NW, 3.viii.1979, ex malaise trap, N. Cobb, ( OSAC, 1♂[ OSAC_0001005829]); T34S R35E S10 [ 42.6034, -118.3815] off-dunes 1A, 1.ix.1979, Lightfoot& Cobb, ( OSAC, 1♀[ OSAC_0001005828]); T36S R35E S8 [ 42.4293, -118.4205] S1/2, off-dunes C-M, 5.ix.1979, Lightfoot& Cobb, ( OSAC, 1♀[ OSAC_ 0001005830]). Utah. Emery Co.E. of Block Mt, Sinbad Cntry[ 38.819846, -110.694301], 24.vii.1981, Parker, Veirs, Griswold, ( USUC, 1♀). Garfield Co.Grand Staircase-Escalante Natl. Mon., Burr Trail, 7.9 milesSE of Boulder, 37°52’0.2”N 111°20’0.1”W[ 37.866722, -111.333361], 25.vii.2001, R.W. Baumann, D.J. Cavan, K.F. Kuehn, mercury vapor light, ( BYUC, 2♂); GrandStaircase- Escalante National Monument, Mouth of HorseCan- yon at Wolverine Loop Road, 37°50’59”N 111°13’23”W[ 37.849722, -111.223055], 14-16.viii.2001, K.A. Clarke, E.C. Green, Malaise trap, ( BYUC, 1♂); Calf CreekCmpgd [ 37.793230, -111.414323] jct Hwy12, 37°47’58N111°24’92W, 23.vi.2000, R.W. Baumann, D.J. Cavan, Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument Invertebrate Survey, ( BYUC, 1♀); Little Egypt[ 38.079425, -110.627371], S. of Hanksville, 23.viii.1984, Nelsonand Bau- mann, ( BYUC, 1♀). Grand Co. 1.5 miN. Crescent Jct.[ 38.966045, -109.817332], Thompson Pass Road, 21.viii- 29.ix.1987, B.A. Hava, C.R. Nelson, malaise trapin shadscale community, ( BYUC, 1♂, 1?). Juab Co.Yuba, Juniper1, 39.45380°N 111.96674°W[ 39.45380, -111.96674], 5300’, 14-18.viii.2007, R.L. Johnson, E.T. Gardner, Malaise( BYUC, 1♀); Antelope Springs[ 39.886222, -112.698844], viii, D.E. Johnson, ( BYUC, 1♂). Kane Co. 16 miW Glen Canyon[ 37.001056, -111.783152], 23.ix.1969, on Sutienzia[misspelled?] sp., ( UCRC, 1 [ UCRC ENT 458147]); Grand Staircase—Escalante National Monument, Sheep Creek on Skutumpah Road, 37°29’44”N 112°03’56”W[ 37.495555, -112.065555], 5824 ft., 26.vii-17.viii.2000, E.C. Green, W.N. Mendel, sorted by C.R. Nelson, Malaise trap, ( BYUC, 2♂); same locality, 17-26.vii.2000, ( BYUC, 2♂, 4♀); Coral Pink Sand DunesPon- derosa Grovecmpgd. [ 37.088519, -112.672990], 4.ix.1998, R.C. Mower, ( BYUC, 1♀); Coral Pink Sand Dunes State Park, 1.5 milesN of Visitors Center, 37°03’02N 112°42’59W[ 37.050555, -112.716388], 20.vii.2001, D.J. Cavan, K.F. Kuehnl, C.R. Nelson, ( BYUC, 1♀); 40 mi. E. Kanab[ 37.040383, -111.801370], 15.ix.1978, Hanson, Knowlton, ( USUC, 1♀). Millard Co. 23 mi.W. Delta[ 39.344624, -113.016238], 4900 ft, 4.ix.1965, R.H. and E.M. Painter, ( EMFC, 1♂); Antelope Mt.[ 38.606799, -112.821891], viii.10, D.E. Johnson, ( BYUC, 1♀). Sanpete Co. Antelope Valley, Juniper3, 39.23655°N 111.75351°W[ 39.23655, -111.75351], 5790’, 14-18.viii.2007, R.L. Johnson, E.T. Gardner, Malaise trap( BYUC, 1♂, 1♀). Uintah Co. 16 mi.SW Vernal[ 40.284702, -109.745145], 5000 ft., 7.ix.1965, R.H. & E.M. Painter, ( CAS, 1♀). Wayne Co.E edge Capitol Reef[ 38.282904, -111.142685est.], 16.ix.1979, Parker/ Veirs, ( USUC, 1♂). Countyunknown. Showell, 20.viii.1932, G.F. Knowlton, ( CAS, 1♀) [given in Box Elder Co., by Nelson 1987].
2451574996
1930-07-17
CAS
Datil N. Mex. Cont'l Divide & T. F. Winburn R. H. Painter Coll.
The
The
8
409
1
1
holotype
2451574950
1935-07-26
EMFC
Brues
United States of America
Apache Co.
36.15368
Chinle
1
-109.552574
9
410
1
1
Arizona
holotype
2451574948
1993-08-18
CSU
Kondratieff & Durfee & Fitzgerald
United States of America
Moffat Co.
40.52014
Echo Park
1
-108.98662
9
410
1
1
Colorado
holotype
2451575018
1999-08-08
CSU
Mancos & B. Kondratieff & S. Wells & W. Cranshaw & Pineda & Painter
United States of America
Montezuma Co.
37.098663
Cyn
1
-108.46896
9
410
1
1
Colorado
holotype
2451574972
1971-09
USUC
United States of America
Oneida Co.
42.21337
5 mi. NE Holbrook
1
-112.58402
9
410
24
22
2
Idaho
holotype
2451574951
1945-08-15
BYUC
United States of America
Nye Co.
38.71382
Creek
1
-115.58003
9
410
1
1
Nevada
holotype
2451574952
1995-08-24
USNM
P. H. Arnaud Jr. & Field Note
United States of America
Elko Co.
41.116894
Moor
1
-114.815025
Exit
9
410
1
1
Nevada
holotype
2451574953
1964-07-22
NMSU, EMFC
S. R. Race
United States of America
Catron Co.
Catron Co.
9
410
2
2
New Mexico
holotype
2451574961
1930-07-17
CAS, EMFC
Continental & T. F. Winburn & R. H. Painter
United States of America
10
411
34.144855
Datil
1
-107.84294
9
410
4
3
1
New Mexico
holotype
2451575021
1979-09-01
OSAC
Lightfoot & Cobb
United States of America
Harney Co.
42.6034
Harney Co.
6
-118.3815
10
411
1
1
Oregon
holotype
2451574959
1979-08-07
OSAC
Lightfoot & Cobb
United States of America
42.4293
6
-118.4205
10
411
1
1
Oregon
holotype
2451574957
1979-08-03
OSAC
Cobb
United States of America
42.6034
6
-118.3815
10
411
1
1
Oregon
holotype
2451574955
1979-09-01
OSAC
Lightfoot & Cobb
United States of America
42.6034
6
-118.3815
10
411
1
1
Oregon
holotype
2451575012
1979-09-05
OSAC
Lightfoot & Cobb
United States of America
42.4293
6
-118.4205
10
411
1
1
Oregon
holotype
2451574978
1981-07-24
USUC
Parker & Veirs & Griswold
United States of America
Emery Co.
38.819847
Sinbad Cntry
1
-110.6943
Block Mt
10
411
1
1
Utah
holotype
2451574967
2001-07-25
BYUC
R. W. Baumann & D. J. Cavan & K. F. Kuehn
United States of America
Garfield Co.
37.866722
Burr Trail
1
-111.33336
10
411
2
2
Utah
holotype
2451574964
2001-08-14
2001-08-16
2001-08-14
BYUC
K. A. Clarke & E. C. Green
United States of America
Grand
37.849724
Mouth of Horse
1
-111.22305
Escalante National Monument
10
411
1
1
Utah
holotype
2451574969
2000-06-23
BYUC
Hwy & R. W. Baumann & D. J. Cavan & Staircase-Escalante National Monument Invertebrate Survey
United States of America
37.799442
Calf Creek
15
-111.41432
10
411
1
1
Utah
holotype
2451574975
1984-08-23
BYUC
Hanksville & Nelson
United States of America
38.079426
Little Egypt
1
-110.62737
10
411
1
1
Utah
holotype
2451575008
1987-08-21
1987-09-29
1987-08-21
BYUC
Thompson Pass Road & B. A. Hava & C. R. Nelson
United States of America
Grand Co.
38.966045
Crescent Jct.
1
-109.81733
10
411
1
1
Utah
holotype
2451574995
2007-08-14
2007-08-18
2007-08-14
BYUC
R. L. Johnson & E. T. Gardner & Malaise
United States of America
Juab Co.
39.4538
Juniper
1
-111.96674
10
411
1
1
Utah
holotype
2451574974
[415,1312,764,791]
BYUC
D. E. Johnson
United States of America
39.886223
Antelope Springs
1
-112.698845
10
411
1
1
Utah
holotype
2451574963
1969-09-23
UCRC
Sutienzia
United States of America
Kane Co.
37.001057
16 mi W Glen Canyon
1
-111.78315
10
411
ENT 458147
1
Utah
holotype
2451574976
2000-07-26
2000-08-17
2000-07-26
BYUC
E. C. Green & W. N. Mendel & C. R. Nelson
United States of America
1775
37.495556
Sheep Creek on Skutumpah Road
1
-112.06555
Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument
10
411
2
2
Utah
holotype
2451574966
[560,1099,909,935]
2000-07-17
2000-07-26
2000-07-17
BYUC
E. C. Green & W. N. Mendel & C. R. Nelson
United States of America
1775
37.495556
Sheep Creek on Skutumpah Road
1
-112.06555
Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument
10
411
6
4
2
Utah
holotype
2451574958
1998-09-04
BYUC
R. C. Mower
United States of America
37.08852
Grove
1
-112.67299
Coral Pink Sand Dunes
10
411
1
1
Utah
holotype
2451574965
2001-07-20
BYUC
D. J. Cavan & K. F. Kuehnl & C. R. Nelson
United States of America
37.050556
Coral Pink Sand Dunes State Park
1
-112.716385
10
411
1
1
Utah
holotype
2451574973
1978-09-15
USUC
E. Kanab & Hanson & Knowlton
United States of America
37.040382
1
-111.80137
10
411
1
1
Utah
holotype
2451575011
1965-09-04
EMFC
R. H. and E. M. Painter
United States of America
Millard Co.
1494
39.344624
Delta
1
-113.016235
10
411
1
1
Utah
holotype
2451574970
[407,1284,1088,1115]
2010-08
BYUC
D. E. Johnson
United States of America
38.6068
Antelope Mt.
1
-112.82189
10
411
1
1
Utah
holotype
2451575023
2007-08-14
2007-08-18
2007-08-14
BYUC
R. L. Johnson & E. T. Gardner
United States of America
39.23655
Juniper
1
-111.75351
Sanpete Co. Antelope Valley
10
411
2
1
1
Utah
holotype
2451574971
1965-09-07
CAS
R. H. & E. M. Painter
United States of America
Uintah Co.
1524
40.284702
16 mi. SW Vernal
1
-109.74515
10
411
1
1
Utah
holotype
2451574968
1979-09-16
USUC
Parker & Veirs
United States of America
Wayne Co.
38.282906
Capitol Reef
1
111.142685
10
411
1
1
Utah
holotype
2451574962
[593,1358,1233,1259]
1932-08-20
CAS
G. F. Knowlton
United States of America
Showell
County
10
411
1
1
Utah
holotype
2451574960
United States of America
Box Elder Co.
Box Elder Co.
10
411
1
Utah
holotype