Muma 1951 : 48 Eremopus titania ( Muma 1951 ) Muma & Muma 1988 : 11 Eremocosta titania ( Muma 1951 ) Harvey 2002 : 451 Revision of the camel spider genus Eremocosta Roewer and a description of the female Eremocosta gigas Roewer (Arachnida, Solifugae) Cushing, Paula E. Channiago, Felix Brookhart, Jack O. Zootaxa 2018 2018-03-29 4402 3 443 466 6GGKZ (Muma 1951) Muma 1951 [151,554,980,1006] Arachnida Eremobatidae Eremocosta GBIF Animalia Solifugae 17 460 Arthropoda species titania     Eremorhax titania  Muma 1951: 48–50, figs. 34–38.    Eremopus titania( Muma 1951):  Muma & Muma 1988: 11–12.  Eremocosta titania( Muma 1951):  Harvey 2002: 451.     Typematerial. Male holotypeand 2 male paratypesfrom Twenty-nine Palms, California, USA( AMNH). Female allotypefrom 12 kmnorthwest of Las Vegas,  Nevada, USA( AMNH). We were able to examine the male holotypeand female allotype.    Otherspecimens examined.  Males(16). USA: California, Imperial County, Ogilby Rd. N. of Highway8, N 32.77447°, W 114.83692°,  74 melev., 2002, coll. Dustin A. Wood( DMNSZA.16317);  USA: California, Imperial County, Highway 534 ( Ogilby Rd.) 3.7 miS. junction Highway78, N 33.03207°, W 114.90521°,  271 melev.,  22 May 2000, coll. Dustin A. Wood, collected at night while driving ( DMNSZA.16322);  USA: California, Kern County, Dove Springs1, N 35.4308°, W 118.0244°,  1017 melev.,  March 2003, coll. USGS, pitfall trap( DMNSZA.16315);  USA: California, Kern County, Dove Springs1, N 35.436°, W 118.0202°,  1081 melev.,  June 2004, coll. USGS, pitfall trap( DMNSZA.16316);  USA: California, Kern County, Dove Springs1, N 35.4378°, W 118.039°,  1057 melev.,  June 2003, coll. USGS, pitfall trap( DMNSZA.17170);  USA: California, Riverside County, San Jacinto Mountains, Highway74, Pinyon Pines Fire Station, N 33.88°, W 116.71°,  1219 melev.,  5 July 2005, coll. Wendell Icenogle, pavement near lighted building ( DMNSZA.17218);  USA: California, San Bernardino County, 5 milesNW Sunshine Peak, 29 Palms Marine Base, N 34.678°, W 116.463°,  1007 melev.,  17 May 2004, coll. G. Pratt( DMNSZA.15426);  USA: California, San Bernardino County, 5 milesNW Sunshine Peak, 29 Palms Marine Base, N 34.678°, W 116.463°,  1007 melev.,  17 May 2004, coll. G. Pratt( DMNSZA.16320);  USA: California, San Bernardino County, Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center, N 34.3033°, W 116.30°,  773 melev.,  July 1999, coll. USGS( DMNSZA.16327);  USA: California, San Bernardino County, Joshua Tree National Park, N 33.90925°, W 115.85617°,  538 melev.,  August 1999, coll. USGS, pitfall trap( DMNSZA.19260);  USA: Nevada, Nye County, N 36.661°, W 115.994°,  1158 melev.,  20 July 1965, coll. Martin H. Muma, on road ( DMNSZA.15427);  USA: Nevada, Nye County, Mercury, N 36.65869°, W 115.99426°,  1149 melev.,  18 May 2010, coll. Paul Greger( DMNSZA.26870);  USA: Nevada, Nye County,  NevadaTest Site, Mercury, Jackass Flatsoff Jackass Flats Rd., N 36.63619°, W 116.0756°,  878 melev.,  30 June-3 August 2011, coll. Paula E.   Cushing, pitfall trap( DMNSZA.26887); USA: Nevada, Nye County,  NevadaTest Site, Mercury, Bldg#23-652, N 36.6569°, W 115.99426°,  1149 melev.,  18 May 2010, coll. Paul Greger, in building ( DMNSZA.26888);  USA: California, Riverside County, Blythe,  21 June 1978( UCDno number);  USA: California, Riverside County, Blythe,  18 July 1980( UCDno number).    Females(17). USA: California, Imperial County, off California78, 9 miles west of junction with California86, N 33.13247°, W 115.98183°,  20 melev.,   7 September 2010, coll. Wendell Icenogle, on highway in car headlights ( DMNSZA.36259); USA: California: Inyo County, Saline Valley,   May 1959, Sta.63, coll. B. Banta( CAS Casent9033224); USA: California: Inyo County, Saline Valley,   15 August 1989, coll. B. Banta( CAS Casent9033229); USA: Inyo County, Saline Valley,   15 July 1959, coll. S. B. Banta( CAS Casent9033644); USA: California: Kern County, Yermo(east of Barstow),   19 May 1973, coll. F. Ennik( CAS Casent9033652); USA: California, Riverside County, Coachella Valley/ Sky Valley, near junction of Dillon and Aurora roads, N 33.90343°, W 116.35964°,   331 melev.,  18 May 2009, coll. John Rajoa, inside building ( DMNSZA.36256); USA: California, Riverside County, east side of Palm Springs International Airport, on East Tachevah Dr., 1/ 10 milewest of California111, N 33.83768°, W 116.5089°,  122 melev.,   2 September 2006, coll. Wendell Icenogle, on pavement near building with lights, 00:30 hr ( DMNSZA.36268); USA: California, Riverside County, Headquarters Salton Sea State Recreation Area, N 33.51062°, W 115.91995°,-   64 melev.,  9 September 2004, coll. Wendell Icenogle, on concrete base of flood light feeding on insect at 24:00 hr ( DMNSZA.36900); USA: California, San Bernardino County, Amboy Rd. 8.5 mileseast of 29 Palms( Adobe Rd.), N 34.15°, W 115.90°,   1600 melev.,  4 July 2010, coll. Wendell Icenogle, on pavement beside outbuilding with light ( DMNSZA.36270); USA: California, San Diego County, Ocotillo Wellsranger station, north of  California78, N 33.15354°, W 116.16731°,   47 melev.,  7 June 2008, coll. Wendell Icenogle, on ground near lights ( DMNSZA.36260); USA: California, San Diego County, 1.5 milessouth of center of Borrego Springs, N 33.2384°, W 116.3759°,   183 melev.,  8 October 2012, coll. Wendell Icenogle, crawling slowly across road ( DMNSZA. 36269); USA: Nevada, Clark County, Las Vegas,   15 July 1987, coll. B. DePew( CAS Casent9033514); USA: Nevada, Clark County, Kyle Canyon Rd., Spring Mountains,   16 July 1979, coll. L. DeLuca( CAS Casent9033517); USA: Nevada, Clark County, Las Vegas,   9 June 1986, coll. R. Ramsay( CAS Casent9033520); USA: Nevada, Clark County, Las Vegas,   1 August 1985, coll. E. Hamilton( CAS Casent90335); USA: Nevada, Lyon County, Silver Springs,   17 July1963, coll. L. Warren( CAS Casent9033516); USA: Nevada, Nye County, Rock Valley, N 36.633°, W 116.313°, 853 melev., 22 July 1965, coll. Martin H. Muma, kept alive until 3 August 1965(DMNS ZA.15429).   Diagnosis.  Eremocosta titaniais related to  E. calexicensisbut differs in coloration, especially of appendages; fixed finger longer and narrower than  E. calexicensis, MP of movable finger more robust as well (compare Figs. 2W & Xwith Figs. 2E & F). Male  E. titaniaare also generally smaller than male  E. calexicensis.Female genital operculum club-shaped with long arms; distinct from operculum of  E. titania. See also diagnosis above under  E. calexicensis.   Measurements. Males (n = 16).TL 24.0–33.5; CL 7.1–10.4; CH3.0–6.2; FNL 0.3–0.5; FNH 0.4–0.7; FFH 0.6–0.9; PL 20.0–35.0; PT 1.0–4.1; PMT 5.1–10.0; LI 12.0–25.0; LIV 24.0–33.0; PPL 4.0–5.4; A/CP 4.1–7.8; FNL/FNH 0.5–1.0; FFH/FNH 1.0–2.0; FFH/ CH0.1–0.3.  Females (n = 17).TL 27.0–48.0; CL 8.6–13.9; CH4.0–5.9; PL 20.0–37.0; PT 1.7–2.0; PMT 4.6–6.9; LI 12.0– 24.5; LIV 25.5–41.0; PPL 3.9–6.4; A/CP 4.5–6.3.  Description. Coloration. Male.Overall light yellow; appendages a bit darker with distal ends of femur and proximal ends of tibia a light purple-violet. Anterior margin of propeltidium dusky violet ( Fig. 5H).  Chelicera. Male.Deep VDC, similar to  E. calexicensisbut with slightly mesal orientation ( Fig. 1G). Fixed finger slightly thicker than  E. calexicensis, with no median dentition. Movable finger: MP-2 MSM-MM; distinct MPL ( Figs. 2W & X). Fondal notch tiny with one RFA and two-three RFA on the ventral region of fixed finger; fondal teeth graded I, III, II, IV retrolaterally; I, II, III, IV prolaterally ( Fig. 3G).  Setation. Male. Typical setation. L III, LIV with bacilli on anterior edge of coxa.  Coloration. Female.Overall slightly lighter than the male. Appendages the same as male.  Chelicera. Female.Fixed finger: FP-1 FSM-FM-FSD-FD. Movable finger: MP-2 MSM, proximal larger-MM; distinct MPL ( Figs. 2Y & Z). One large RFA; fondal teeth graded II, I, III, IV retrolaterally, and I, II, tiny III, serrate IV prolaterally.  Setation. Female.Typical female cheliceral setation.  Genital operculum. Muma’s illustration is accurate (1951, fig. 43). Club-shaped with long arms ending in oval shaped wings ( Fig. 4F).   Distribution. USA Californiaand Nevada.  Eremocosta titaniaranges from the northern Mojave Desert to the Sonoran Desert west of the ColoradoRiver. It is sympatric in part of its range with the closely related  E. calexicensis.   Discussion. Specimens from the more northern regions, Nevada, Northern Californiahave a darker coloration than those found in regions of Southern Californiabut male cheliceral dentition and female genital operculum remains relatively constant. 1836936119 AMNH United States of America Las Vegas Male Twenty-nine Palms 17 460 5 2 California holotype 1836936122 AMNH United States of America Nevada 17 460 2 Nevada holotype 1836936142 DMNS A. Wood United States of America Other 74 32.77447 Highway 1 -114.83692 Males 17 460 1 California 1836936125 2000-05-22 DMNS Dustin A. & Wood United States of America 271 33.03207 Highway 1 -114.90521 Ogilby Rd. 17 460 1 California 1836936128 2003-03 USGS, DMNS United States of America Kern County 1017 35.4308 Dove Springs 6 -118.0244 17 460 1 California 1836936143 2004-06 USGS, DMNS United States of America Kern County 1081 35.436 Dove Springs 55 -118.0202 17 460 1 California 1836936132 2003-06 USGS, DMNS United States of America Kern County 1057 35.4378 Dove Springs 45 -118.039 17 460 1 California 1836936139 2005-07-05 DMNS Wendell Icenogle United States of America Riverside County 1219 33.88 Highway 721 -116.71 San Jacinto Mountains 17 460 1 California 1836936133 2004-05-17 DMNS G. Pratt United States of America San Bernardino County 1007 34.678 Palms Marine Base 71 -116.463 Sunshine Peak 17 460 1 California 1836936124 2004-05-17 DMNS G. Pratt United States of America San Bernardino County 1007 34.678 Palms Marine Base 71 -116.463 Sunshine Peak 17 460 1 California 1836936130 1999-07 USGS, DMNS United States of America 773 34.3033 Corps Air Ground Combat Center 458 -116.3 17 460 1 California 1836936127 1999-08 USGS, DMNS United States of America San Bernardino County 538 33.90925 Joshua Tree National Park 1 -115.85617 17 460 1 California 1836936134 1965-07-20 DMNS Martin H. & Muma United States of America Nye County 1158 36.661 Nye County 70 -115.994 17 460 1 Nevada 1836936140 2010-05-18 DMNS Paul Greger United States of America Nye County 1149 36.65869 Mercury 1 -115.99426 17 460 1 Nevada 1836936136 [813,1121,1965,1991] United States of America Nye County Nye County 17 460 1 Nevada 1836936120 2011-06-30 2011-08-03 2011-06-30 Paula E. United States of America 878 36.63619 Jackass Flats Rd. 4 -116.0756 Jackass Flats 17 460 1 Nevada 1836936131 [151,925,151,176] DMNS Cushing United States of America Nye County Nye County 18 461 1 Nevada 1836936138 2010-05-18 DMNS Paul Greger United States of America 1149 36.6569 Bldg 5 -115.99426 18 461 1 Nevada 1836936129 1978-06-21 UCD United States of America Riverside County Blythe 18 461 1 California 1836936126 1980-07-18 UCD United States of America Riverside County Blythe 18 461 1 California 1836936137 United States of America Imperial County 20 33.13247 Females 1 -115.98183 18 461 1 California 1836936135 2010-09-07 DMNS Wendell Icenogle United States of America Inyo County Saline Valley 18 461 1 California 1836936123 1959-05 CAS Sta. & B. Banta United States of America Inyo County Saline Valley Casent 18 461 1 California 1836936166 1989-08-15 CAS B. Banta United States of America Inyo County Saline Valley Casent 18 461 1 1836936148 1959-07-15 CAS S. B. Banta United States of America Kern County Yermo Casent 18 461 1 California 1836936153 1973-05-19 CAS F. Ennik United States of America 33.90343 Sky Valley 1 -116.35964 Casent 18 461 1 California 1836936168 2009-05-18 DMNS John Rajoa United States of America Riverside County 331 East Tachevah Dr. Palm Springs International Airport 18 461 1 California 1836936162 United States of America 122 33.83768 California 4 -116.5089 18 461 1 California 1836936165 2006-09-02 DMNS Wendell Icenogle United States of America Riverside County 33.51062 Headquarters Salton Sea State Recreation Area 1 -115.91995 18 461 1 California 1836936144 2004-09-09 DMNS Wendell Icenogle United States of America San Bernardino County 64 34.15 Palms 720 -115.9 Amboy Rd. 18 461 1 California 1836936163 2010-07-04 DMNS Wendell Icenogle United States of America San Diego County 1600 33.15354 California 1 -116.16731 Ocotillo Wells 18 461 1 California 1836936157 2008-06-07 DMNS Wendell Icenogle United States of America San Diego County 47 33.2384 Borrego Springs 6 -116.3759 18 461 1 California 1836936156 2012-10-08 DMNS Wendell Icenogle United States of America Clark County 183 Las Vegas 18 461 1 Nevada 1836936149 1987-07-15 CAS B. DePew United States of America Clark County Kyle Canyon Rd. Casent 18 461 1 Nevada 1836936159 1979-07-16 CAS L. DeLuca United States of America Clark County Las Vegas Casent 18 461 1 Nevada 1836936164 1986-06-09 CAS R. Ramsay United States of America Clark County Las Vegas Casent 18 461 1 Nevada 1836936167 1985-08-01 CAS E. Hamilton United States of America Lyon County Silver Springs Casent 18 461 1 Nevada 1836936145 1963-07-17 CAS L. Warren United States of America Nye County 36.633 Rock Valley 70 -116.313 Casent 18 461 1 Nevada