Brachyuran crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the remote oceanic Archipelago Trindade and Martin Vaz, South Atlantic Ocean TAVARES, MARCOS MENDONÇA, JOEL BRAGA DE JR. Zootaxa 2022 2022-06-02 5146 1 1 129 499ND (Rathbun, 1920) Rathbun 1920 [151,656,1873,1900] Malacostraca Mithracidae Omalacantha Animalia Decapoda 41 42 Arthropoda species interrupta  ( Fig. 22A)   Microphrys interruptus Rathbun, 1920: 24[Type locality: Ensenada de Cajon, off Cape San Antonio, Cuba].   Trindade specimens.  1 male( MZUSP 40196), Trindade Island, Praia das Tartarugas, 20° 31’1.3”S, 29°17’56.9”W, J.B. Mendonçacoll.,  12.vii.2013,  10.8 m.  1 male( MZUSP 41171), ibidem,  30.iv.2014,  9.8 m.  1 male( MZUSP 41168), ibidem, Ponta do Monumento, 20°30’10.3”S, 29°20’36.1”W, J.B. Mendonçacoll.,  3.vii.2015,  15.5m.  2 females, 3 juveniles( MZUSP 41169), ibidem, Ponta da Calheta, 20°30’18.7”S, 29°18’31.6”W, J.B. Mendonçacoll.,  30.iv.2014,  15.6 m.  1 juvenilefemale ( MZUSP 39920), ibidem, Praia da Calheta, 20°30’29.5”S, 29°18’37.0”W, J.B. Mendonçacoll.,  21.vi.2016,  12.5 m.  1 female( MZUSP 41172), ibidem, 20°30’20.9”S, 29°18’43.7”W, J.B. Mendonçacoll.,  18.vii.2012,  11.6 m.  1 male, 1 female( MZUSP 41170), ibidem, Paredão, 20°31’36.9”S, 29°18’14.3”W, J.B. Mendonçacoll.,  19.vi.2012,  19 m . 1 male ( MZUSP 39842), ibidem, Enseada Praiado Príncipe, Ilha Sul, 20°31’36.9”S, 29°18’14.3”W, J.B. Mendonçacoll.,  10.vii.2015,  22.2 m.  1 male( MZUSP 41403), ibidem, Enseadadas Orelhas, 20°29’40.2”S, 29°20’32.9”W, J.B. Mendonçacoll.,  6.vii.2013,  14 m . 1 juvenile female ( MZUSP 39691), ibidem, Praia das Cabritas, 20°29’32.0”S, 29°19’46.5”W, J.B. Mendonçacoll.,  28.iv.2014,  9.2 m.  1 male( MZUSP 41002), ibidem, Praia do Lixo, 20°31’29.8”S, 29°19’43.9”W, J.B. Mendonçacoll.,  4.xi.2014,.  15.4 m.  Size of largest male: cl 9.4 mm, cw 7.1 mm; largest female: cl 9.5 mm, cw 8.0 mm.   Comparative material examined.  Omalacantha antillensis( Rathbun, 1920):  Brazil: Bahia: 2 males( MZUSP 5928), Santa Cruz de Cabrália, Ponta do Mutá, M. L. Christoffersencoll.,  16.x.1982, in coral reef.  Omalacantha bicornuta( Latreille, 1825): São Paulo: 2 males, 1 ovigerous female ( MZUSP 7531), Ubatuba, Praia do Lázaro, A. Fransozocoll.,  24.v.1986.   Omalacantha garthi( Lemos de Castro, 1953): Espírito Santo: 1 male( MZUSP 8515), Santa Cruz, H.R. da Costa[presumably] coll.,  vii.1973 [G.A.S de Melo det.  ii.1987].  Omalacantha interrupta: Maranhão: 3 males( MZUSP 9279), probably R/V “Almirante Saldanha”, stn 1817, 2°12’S, 42°25’W,  28.xi.1967,  60 m .  Pernambuco: 2 males( MZUSP 9278), Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Praia de Santo Antônio, P. S. Youngcoll.,  27.i.1987.   Distribution.Gulf coast of Mexico( Veracruz), Antilles ( Cuba, Antigua, Barbados), Caribbean coasts of Costa Ricaand Colombia(near Cartagena), Venezuela(Isla Margarita) and Brazil(from Piauíto Alagoas) ( Lemaitre 1981; Moran & Dittel 1993; Melo 1996; Lira et al. 2013; Diez García 2014; Vassallo et al.2014). Brazilian oceanic islands: Fernando de Noronha ( Melo 1996) and Trindade (this study).   Ecological notes.  Omalacantha interruptahas been reported to inhabit soft and hard bottoms from the tide mark down to 50 m, including sandy-rocky bottoms, rocky coasts, and stone reefs ( Santos et al.2012; Lira et al.2013; De la Cruz-Francisco et al.2017). It has also been found in association with calcareous algae ( Melo 1996; Melo & Veloso 2005),  Thalassia( Murina et al.1969)and banks of the bivalve  Arca zebraSwainson ( Lira et al.2013).  Omalacantha interruptais a heavy decorator, which uses a diverse array of materials. In Trindade, it has been found with the carapace and legs completely covered (P2–P5 dactyli less so) with algae, sponges, and organic debris mixed with mineral fragments. Occasionally, females have been reported carrying polyps of the octocoral  Carijoa riisei(Duchassaing & Michelotti)in northeastern Brazil( Bruto-Costa et al.2014). The fouling material is attached by means of long straight setae and hooked setae, both present in  O. interrupta(see Berke & Woodin 2009).   Remarks.  Omalacantha interrupta( Fig. 22A) stands apart from  O. bicornutain having one blunt tooth on the infraorbital margin outside the basal article of the antenna, and more prominent tubercles on the branchial region (vs one small, rounded tubercle on the infraorbital margin outside the basal article of the antenna) ( Fig. 22D).   Omalacantha antillensis( Fig. 22B) can be recognized on the basis of the absence of a tooth or tubercle on the infraorbital margin outside the basal article of the antenna (rarely a minute bump next to it, Fig. 22C) and, consistently, two spines at the widest part of the carapace branchial region (instead of one spine as in the precedent two species) ( Fig. 22A, B). Contrary to Melo (1996),  O. bicornutaand  O. garthihave in common a large tooth at the anterolateral angle of the basal article of the antenna and one small tubercle just outside it on the infraorbital margin ( Fig. 22D), and therefore neither of which characters can be used to distinguish between the two species. The holotypeof  O. garthi(female, cl 13 mm, cw 11 mm, originally deposited at the Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro) has not been located for study, but from its original description and illustrations ( Lemos de Castro 1953) no other characters are available to date to separate  O. garthifrom  O. bicornuta, so that the former species is here placed under the synonymy of  O. bicornuta. 4028571420 2013-07-12 MZUSP J. B. Mendonca 11 -20.517027 Trindade Island 1 -29.299139 Praia das Tartarugas 42 43 MZUSP 40196 1 1 4028571838 [640,1233,187,213] 2014-04-30 MZUSP 10 42 43 MZUSP 41171 1 1 4028571594 2015-07-03 MZUSP J. B. Mendonca 16 -20.502861 Ponta do Monumento 1 -29.34336 42 43 MZUSP 41168 1 1 4028571815 2014-04-30 MZUSP J. B. Mendonca 16 -20.505194 Ponta da Calheta 1 -29.308777 42 43 MZUSP 41169 5 2 3 4028571912 2016-06-21 MZUSP J. B. Mendonca 13 -20.508194 Praia da Calheta 1 -29.310278 42 43 MZUSP 39920 1 1 4028571891 2012-07-18 MZUSP J. B. Mendonca 12 -20.505806 1 -29.312138 42 43 MZUSP 41172 1 1 4028571517 2012-06-19 MZUSP J. B. Mendonca 19 -20.526917 Paredao 1 -29.303972 42 43 MZUSP 41170 2 1 1 4028571906 2015-07-10 MZUSP J. B. Mendonca Principe, Ilha 22 -20.526917 Enseada Praia 1 -29.303972 Sul 42 43 MZUSP 39842 1 4028571417 2013-07-06 MZUSP J. B. Mendonca Principe, Ilha 14 -20.494501 Enseada 1 -29.342472 Orelhas 42 43 MZUSP 41403 1 1 4028571935 2014-04-28 MZUSP J. B. Mendonca Principe, Ilha 9 -20.492222 Praia das Cabritas 1 -29.329584 42 43 MZUSP 39691 1 4028571953 2014-11-04 MZUSP J. B. Mendonca Principe, Ilha 15 -20.524944 Praia do Lixo 1 -29.328861 42 43 MZUSP 41002 1 1 4028571388 1982-10-16 MZUSP M. L. Christoffersen Brazil Ponta do Muta Santa Cruz de Cabralia 42 43 MZUSP 5928 2 2 Bahia 4028571301 1986-05-24 MZUSP Ubatuba & A. Fransozo Brazil Praia do Lazaro 42 43 MZUSP 7531 2 2 Sao Paulo 4028571898 1973-07 MZUSP Santa Cruz & H. R. da Costa Brazil Espirito Santo 42 43 MZUSP 8515 1 1 Espirito Santo 4028571944 1967-11-28 1987-02 1967-11-28 MZUSP Brazil 60 -2.2 Maranhao 1307 -42.416668 42 43 MZUSP 9279 3 3 Maranhao 4028571485 1987-01-27 MZUSP Praia de Santo Antonio & P. S. Young Brazil Fernando de Noronha Archipelago 42 43 MZUSP 9278 2 2 Pernambuco