Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species Gudin, Filipe M. Nihei, Silvio S. Zootaxa 2019 2019-07-22 4643 1 1 74 8D3XF Gudin & Nihei, 2019 Gudin & Nihei 2019 [151,412,441,468] Insecta Tachinidae Ormiophasia Animalia Diptera 58 59 Arthropoda species tavaresi sp. nov.  ( Figs 6E, 8D, 10E, 12E, 14D, 35, 41C)   Type material.  HOLOTYPE ♂( Figs 6E, 10E, 12E, 35A, C, G): “ Costa Rica, Prov. Alajuela, Reserva/ Biologica Monteverde, Eladio’s,  830m,  25–28/ OCT 2005[  25–28.x.2005], J. Azofeita, M. Moraga, M. Solis, B./ Gamboa, R. Libre[leg.], L_N_255256_458014, #84817”/ “INB0003978524/ MNCRCRI, COSTA RICA”/ “ Holotype” [red label] ( MNCR).  PARATYPES( 9 ♂♂, 10 ♀♀): Colombia: 1 ♂[dissected, photographed] ( Fig. 35E),  1 ♀[photographed] ( Figs 8D, 14D, 35B, D, F): “3000’, Rio Pance/ 10mi.SW. Cali, Valle/ Colombia,  vii.14, 1970[  14.vii.1970]/ H. & A. Howden[leg.]”/ “ Paratype” [green label] ( CNC);  1 ♀: “ Co[ Colombia], Ant., Rionegro/ Br. San Antonio de Pereira/ Domicilio/ Manual/ 2100 msnm/ Abril/2010 [  iv.2010]/ Leidy Jurado [leg.]”/ “ Paratype” [green label] ( CEUA);  1 ♀: “ Colombia, Ant./ Queb. Honda,  1450 m/ 12 Km, SW. Fredonia/  3–4 March 1984[  3–4.iii.1984]/ C.M. & O.S. Flint Jr”/ “ Paratype” [green label] ( USNM); Costa Rica:  1 ♂[dissected]: “1 Km S. O. del Cerro Bioley, Sector/ Altamira, Buenos Aires, Prov. Punta./ Costa Rica,  1150–1350 m,  Oct. 1994[  x.1994], Z./ Fuentes [leg.], L S 331500_571700, #3300”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI002/ 111019”/ “ Paratype” [green label] ( MNCR);  1 ♂: “ Est. Pitilla,  700 m, 9 Km S./ Sta. Cecilia, P. N. Guanacaste/ Prov. Guan., Costa/ Rica, P. Rios[leg.],  Ago 1991[  viii.1991]/ L-N-330200, 380200”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 608329”/ “ Paratype” [green label] ( MNCR);  1 ♂: “ Manzanillo,  0–100 m, RFNS/ Gandocay Manzanillo, Prov./ Limón, Costa Rica,  6 a 27 ene/ 1993[  6–27.i.1993], K. Taylor[leg.]/ L-S-398100, 610600”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 997693”/ “ Paratype” [green label] ( MNCR);  1 ♂: “ Vueltacampana, R./ Terraba,  100–500 m, Rey/ Curre, Prov. Puntarenas/ Costa Rica,  10 a 30 set/ 1992[  10–30.ix.1992], S. Rojas[leg.]/ L-S 825700, 544300”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 869856”/ “ Paratype” [green label] ( MNCR);  1 ♂: “ Costa Rica, Prov. Alajuela, Upala/ Bijagua, Albergue Heliconias, Send./ Heliconias,  700 m,  6–9 ABR 2000[  6–9.iv.2000], J./ D. Gutiérrez[leg.], de Luz [on light]/ L N 299800, 423800, # 56251”/ “INB0003083469/ MNCR- CRI, COSTA RICA”/ “ Paratype” [green label] ( MNCR);  1 ♂: “ Sect. San Ramón de Dos Rios, Prov./ Alaju., Costa Rica,  620 m,  18/ MAR—13 ABR 1995[  18.iii–13.iv.1995], F.A. Quesada[leg.]/ L_N_318100_381900, #5274”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI002/ 246203”/ “ Paratype” [green label] ( MNCR);  1 ♀: “ Estac. Pitilla,  700 m, 9 Km/ S. Santa Cecilia, Guanac./ Pr., Costa Rica,  Jul. 1988[  vii.1988]/ GNP Biodiversity Syrvey/ W85 o25’40”, N10 o59’26””/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI001/ 051086”/ “ Paratype” [green label] ( MNCR);  1 ♀: “ Est. Queb. Bonita,  50 m/ Res. Biol. Carara, Prov./ Punt., Costa Rica/ E. Bello[leg.],  Jun 1990[  vi.1990]/ L-N-194500, 469850”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 245769”/ “ Paratype” [green label] ( MNCR);  1 ♀: “ Higuito/ San Mateo, CR [ Costa Rica]”/ “ Pablo Schildcoll.”/ “  Ormia busckiiTowns[handwriting]/ det. JRMalloch” ( USNM).  Panama:  1 ♂[dissected]: “El Valle, Pan/ 1–6–54 [  6.i.1954]/ F.S. Blanton[leg.]/ Light”/ “ Paratype” [green label] ( USNM);  1 ♀: “ Barro Colorado/ Pan/ R.C. Shannon[leg.]/ vii.8.23 [  8.vii.1923]”/ “ Paratype” [green label] ( USNM);  1 ♀: “ Panama/ E.C. Broadhead[leg.]/ BM. 1991–30”/ “Collected by E.B. [leg.]/ Panama, Mar18 [  iii.1918, handwriting]”/ “ Paratype” [green label] ( NHMUK);  1 ♀: “ Rio Hato, Coclé/ Prov., Panama/  xi–8 1952[  8.xi.1952]”/ “ F.S. Blanton/ Collector [leg.]”/ “ Paratype” [green label] ( USNM);  1 ♀: “ Panama, Barro/ Colorado Isl., 10–20.iv.65 [1965]/ S.S. & W.D. Duckworth[leg.]”/ “ Paratype” [green label] ( USNM).  Venezuela:  1 ♂[dissected]: “ Venezuela, Aragua/ Rancho Grande/  1100 m, 1.viii.74 [1974]”/ “ J.L. Garciacol. [leg.]”/ “ Paratype” [green label] ( MIZA);  1 ♂[dissected]: “ Venezuela/ Ran- cho Grande/ 1100 mts/  14.xii.1949/ H.E. Box/ & Guaglinmi [leg.]”/ “”Press by/ Com Inst Ent/ B M 1951–590”/ “ Paratype” [green label] ( NHMUK).  Type locality. Costa Rica, Alajuela, Reserva Biológica Bosque Nuboso Monteverde.   Distribution. Colombia(departments of Antioquiaand Valle del Cauca), Costa Rica(provinces of Alajuela, Guanacaste, Limónand Puntarenas), Panama(provinces of Coclé, Panamaand PanamaOeste) and Venezuela(state of Aragua).   Etymology.The name is a tribute to the dipterist Omar Tavares, for his important contributions to the taxonomy of Neotropical Ormiini. The name is a noun in the genitive case.   Diagnosis.  Ormiophasia tavaresi  sp. nov.can be distinguished from other species of  Ormiophasiaby head with silver pruinosity ( Figs 6E, 8D); clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane; scutum and abdomen dark brown ( Figs 10E, 12E, 14D); wing hyaline ( Fig. 35G); anteroventral epandrial process extending well beyond ventral epandrial margin ( Fig. 41C); and apex of male cerci about 3/5 length of cerci, subrectangular in posterior view and about 1/2 width of cerci, abruptly constricted.  Ormiophasia tavaresi  sp. nov.,  O. causeyiand  O. chapulini  sp. nov.share a hyaline wing and a darker body color, but they can be clearly distinguished by the length and width of the apex of the male cerci as well as by epandrial characters ( Figs 41C, 38B, 42A, respectively). The shape of the male cerci of  O. busckii( Fig. 38A) is similar to that in  O. tavaresi  sp. nov., but  O. busckiican be easily distinguished by its brown body with yellow pruinosity ( Figs 9A, 11A, 13A), clypeus of same color as frontoclypeal membrane ( Fig. 5A, 7A), ocellar triangle bare ( Fig. 15C–D), and anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin ( Fig. 38A).   Description. Male.Body length 5.54–7.09 mm(mean = 6.16 mm); wing length 5.78–7.78 mm( 6.54 mm) (n = 10). Coloration. Head silver-pruinose ( Fig. 6E). Frontal vitta dark brown. Ocellar triangle black. Fronto-orbital plate gray. Lunule brownish-yellow. Antenna yellowish-orange to brownish-orange. Parafacial gray. Gena, facial ridge and face brown. Mouthparts brown except clypeus (dark brown). Occiput dark brown in upper area, becoming brown in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose ( Figs 10E, 12E). Scutum dark brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax dark brown. Scutellum and subscutellum dark brown. Wing hyaline ( Fig. 35G). Tegula dark brown. Basicosta light brown. Veins dark brown. Halter light brown. Calypteres brown. Legs brown. Abdomen entirely dark brown with silver pruinosity. Head ( Figs 6E, 35A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 0.75. Ocelli 1.5 times the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely obliterated. Frontal setae 7–8, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker.Arista bare. First flagellomere 2.5 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.4 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.2 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.44 times as high as wide ( Fig. 35E); median upper margin rounded and long, subrectangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.90 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2–3, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1/2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7–8 setae. Meral setae 6–8. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4+5with 1–3 dorsal and 2–4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 9–12 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 11–12 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 4 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2–3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 9–12 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3–4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta. Terminalia ( Fig. 41C). Sternite 5 subtrapezoidal; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process extending well beyond ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium broad, posterior margin at same level as anterior margin; lateral ventral margin sharply curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with open, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, as thick as apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds; posterior inner surface with few strong setae medially. Cerci: basal margin with distinct median projection; apex about 3/5 length of cerci, subrectangular in posterior view, narrow and tapered in lateral view; apex about 1/2 width of cerci in posterior view, abruptly constricted; apex with anterior surface V-shaped. Postgonite of same thickness over its entire length, apex rounded in lateral view.  Female.Differs from male as follows. Body length 6.00– 7.55 mm(mean = 6.71 mm); wing length 6.53–8.51 mm(mean = 7.45 mm) (n = 10). Head ( Figs 8D, 35B, D). Frontal vitta subequal in width to fronto-orbital plate. Frontal setae 6–8, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.4 times as long as pedicel. Thorax. Basisternum 0.60 times as high as wide ( Fig. 35F); median upper margin rounded and long, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.80 times as high as wide.   Remarks.The females were associated with the males by being from the same locality.  Ormiophasia tavaresi  sp. nov.is the darkest species of the genus. Although it is similar to  O. causeyiand  O. chapulini  sp. nov., these three species can be clearly distinguished by the length and width of the apex of the male cerci as well as by epandrial characters. The width of the apex of the male cerci is narrow in  O. causeyi, intermediate in  O. tavaresi  sp. nov.and broad in  O. chapulini  sp. nov.  Ormiophasia tavaresi  sp. nov.seems to be restricted to southern Central America and northern South America. 2848997316 2005-10-25 2005-10-28 2005-10-25 MNCR J. Azofeita & M. Moraga & M. Solis & R. Libre Costa Rica Eladio's 830 Costa Rica Biologica Monteverde 58 59 1 1 Alajuela holotype 2848997399 1970-07-14 CNC H. & A. Howden Rio Pance Valle Cali 58 59 1 1 paratype 2848997425 2010-04 CEUA Co Ant. Colombia 58 59 1 1 paratype 2848997391 1984-03-03 1984-03-04 1984-03-03 USNM C. M. & O. S. Flint Jr Colombia 1450 Queb. Honda Ant. 58 59 1 1 paratype 2848997330 1994-10 MNCR Cerro Bioley 1250 Altamira Sector 58 59 1 1 paratype 2848997426 1991-08 MNCR P. Rios Est. Pitilla 700 Costa Prov. Guan. 58 59 1 1 Guanacaste paratype 2848997508 1993-01-06 1993-01-27 1993-01-06 MNCR K. Taylor Manzanillo 50 Manzanillo Gandoca 58 59 1 1 Limon paratype 2848997371 1992-09-10 1992-09-30 1992-09-10 MNCR S. Rojas Vuelta 300 Rey Terraba 58 59 1 1 Puntarenas paratype 2848997434 2000-04-06 2000-04-09 2000-04-06 MNCR D. Gutierrez Costa Rica Costa Rica 700 Upala Prov. 58 59 1 1 Alajuela paratype 2848997493 1995-03-18 1995-04-13 1995-03-18 MNCR F. A. Quesada Costa Rica Sect. San Ramon de Dos Rios 620 Alaju. Prov. 58 59 1 1 Alajuela paratype 2848997348 1988-07 MNCR Costa Rica Estac. Pitilla 700 Santa Cecilia Km 58 59 1 1 Alajuela paratype 2848997331 1990-06 MNCR Costa Rica Est. Queb. Bonita 50 Prov. Res. Biol. Carara 58 59 1 1 Alajuela paratype 2848997389 USNM Pablo Schild Costa Rica Costa Rica Higuito 58 59 1 1 Alajuela paratype 2848997413 [1039,1128,1521,1547] Costa Rica Panama 58 59 1 Alajuela paratype 2848997410 1954-01-06 USNM F. S. Blanton Costa Rica Pan 58 59 1 1 Alajuela paratype 2848997420 1923-07-08 USNM Costa Rica Barro Colorado Shannon Pan 58 59 1 1 Alajuela paratype 2848997416 1918-03 NHMUK E. C. Broadhead Costa Rica Panama Mar Panama 58 59 1 1 Alajuela paratype 2848997481 1952-11-08 USNM F. S. Blanton Costa Rica Rio Hato Prov. Cocle 58 59 1 1 Alajuela paratype 2848997501 USNM S. S. & W. D. Duckworth Costa Rica Panama Colorado Isl. Barro 58 59 1 1 Alajuela paratype 2848997303 [634,749,1737,1763] Costa Rica Venezuela 58 59 1 Alajuela paratype 2848997376 MIZA J. L. Garcia Costa Rica Venezuela 1100 Rancho Grande Aragua 58 59 1 1 Alajuela paratype 2848997450 1949-12-14 NHMUK H. E. Box Costa Rica Grande Venezuela 58 59 1 1 Alajuela paratype