Mecometopus mniszechii Chevrolat, 1862: 64 Monné, 2019a: 150 Mecometopus mendosus Galileo & Martins, 1996: 58 Monné, 2019a: 150 A new synonym and seventeen new distributional records in South American Cerambycidae (Coleoptera), with notes on Chlorethe scabrosa Zajciw, 1963 Santos-Silva, Antonio Botero, Juan Pablo Nascimento, Francisco Eriberto de Lima Silva, Weliton Dias Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 2020 2020-02-04 60 1 11 4J7PX (Chevrolat, 1862) Chevrolat 1862 [859,1352,634,659] Insecta Cerambycidae Pirangoclytus Animalia Coleoptera 1 2 Arthropoda species mniszechii  Figs. 2‑8      Mecometopus mniszechii Chevrolat, 1862: 64;  Monné, 2019a: 150(cat.).     Mecometopus mendosus Galileo & Martins, 1996: 58;  Monné, 2019a: 150(cat.). Syn. nov.   Material examined:  BRAZIL,  Espírito Santo: Barra do São Francisco( Córrego Itá), 2 males, 1 female, paratypesof  M. mendosus,  XI.1956, Zikáncol. ( MZSP);  rio Guandú, 1 paratype femaleof  M. mendosus,  X.1920, F. Hoffmanncol. ( MZSP).   Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro, 1 paratype maleof  M. mendosus,  X.1934, B. Pohlcol. ( MZSP).   Minas Gerais: Mar de Espanha, 1 paratype maleof  M. mendosus,  15.XI.1907, Zikáncol. ( MZSP);  1 paratype maleof  M. mendosus,  29.XI.1909, Zikáncol. ( MZSP);  Coronel Pacheco, 1 female,  I.1956, V.Gomescol.( MZSP);  Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, 1 female,  XI.2014, L. Migliorecol. ( MZSP).   São Paulo: Anhembi( 22°42′20.8″S, 48°10′01.4″W), [ semiochemical trap], 1 female,  11.XII.2018, W.D. Silvacol. ( ESALQ); [ Guarulhos] ( 22°71′52.32″S, 48°15′89.65″W), 1 male, 1 female,  06.V.2013, E.N. Lopescol. ( MZSP);  Itu( Fazenda Pau d’Alho), 1 female( holotypeof  M. mendosus),  10.XI.1970, Monnécol. ( MZSP);  Guarujá, 1 paratype maleof  M. mendosus,  10.XI.1920, Melzercol. ( MZSP);  Iguape, 1 paratype maleof  M. mendosus,  XII.1921, A.C. Braolecol. ( MZSP);  Campinas, 1 paratype maleof  M. mendosus,  XI.1919, Merbachcol. ( MZSP);  São Paulo( Saúde), 1 paratype maleof  M. mendosus,  13.XI.1921, Melzercol. ( MZSP).   Santa Catarina: Joinville, 1 paratype maleof  M. mendosus,1916, Sohmalzcol. ( MZSP);  Rio Vermelho, 1 paratype maleof  M. mendosus,Dirings( MZSP).  PARAGUAY,  Distrito Capital: Asunción, 1 paratype femaleof  M. mendosus,  18.IX.1976, B. Arandacol. ( MZSP).   Cordillera(new department record): San Bernardino, 1 male,  IX.1922, K. Friebrigcol. ( MZSP).   Geographical distribution:Currently, it is known from Brazil( Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul) ( Monné, 2019a).   Remarks: Chevrolat (1862)described  Mecometopus mniszechiifrom Brazilwithout a specific locality. Monné et al.(2009)have first provided a detailed place for this species ( Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Itatiaia). Later, Galileo & Martins (1996)described  M.mendosusfrom Brazil( São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina) and Paraguay. Di Iorio (2006)synonymized  M. mendosuswith  M. mniszechii,but Martins & Galileo (2011: 191)revalidated the species(translated):“Di Iorio(2005,est.47,fig.9)illustrat- ed in color  Pirangoclytus insignisunder the denomination of  M. mendosus.However, the same author (2006: 12) erroneously considered  Pirangoclytus mendosusas synonym of  P.mniszechi[ sic]”; and ahead, in the same work (translated, p. 196): “ Di Iorio (2006: 12)considered  Mecometopus mendosussynonym of  M. mniszechi[ sic]. This synonymy is inaccurate because the elytral color patterns are different. In  Pirangoclytus mniszechiithe basal maculae of the elytra are much larger and are followed by a small lateral spot near to its apex; the sutural maculae at the front of the middle also are much larger and closer to the basal one.” Nevertheless, we think that Di Iorio (2006)was right. Firstly, the small yellowish pubescent spot on sides of anterior third may or may not be present. It is present in some paratypesof  M. mendosus( Figs. 5, 7, 8), and not only in a paratypeas pointed out in the original description. Furthermore, when present, it is variable in size. Moreover, the size and shape of the elytral pubescent maculae ( Figs. 2, 4, 5, 7, 8) are very variable in this species. Accordingly, the arguments by Martins & Galileo (2011)are not consistent. DiIorio(2006:13) reported: “Mecometopusmendosusand the true  Mecometopus palmatus(of Olivier, 1795) can be differentiated by the pubescence of sternites 1º and 2º, which is of a yellow color in  Mecometopus mendosus,and white in  Mecometopus palmatus( Galileo & Martins, 1996). The description of “ Mecometopus palmatus”given by Laporte & Gory (1836: 84-85)says clearly“abdomen noir, avec les deux premiers segments et une tache de chaque côté du mesothorax d’un beau jaune”. According to this, the reference of Laporte & Gory (1836)must be referred to  Mecometopus mendosus.This character, abdominal pubescence of white or yellow color, is of uncertain value to the determination of specimens:many Clytiniexhibit variable coloration of the integument, and of the pubescent bands or spots […]. Large series of specimens from different localities often are need- ed to clearly establish taxonomic status. ”These statements are somewhat confused. It is true that Laporte & Gory (1836)described the ventral pubescence in  Mecometopus palmatusas being yellow.We agree with him regarding the synonymy between  M. palmatus sensu Laporte & Gory (1836)and  M. mendosus,and also regarding the variation in the color of the pubescence. However, apparently Di Iorio (2006)was suggesting that  Mecometopus mniszechiimay be also equal to  M. palmatus(Olivier, 1795). However, when present, the small yellow pubescent spot of the elytra in  M. mniszechii(=  Pirangoclytus mniszechii) is always placed at anterior third, while in  M.palmatusit is placed about middle. Furthermore, although it is possible that these features are variable, in all specimens of  M. palmatusthe elytral apex is less oblique, and the anterior elytral pubescent band is elongate. Still according to Di Iorio (2006: 15): “Only the extension of the abdominal yellow pubescence appears to differ slightly: on sternites I-III and part of IV in  Mecometopus mniszechii(fide de [sic] Chevrolat, 1862a), and only on sternites I-II in  Mecometopus mendosus.” Actually, there are paratypesof  M. mendosuswith pubescence on ventrites III and IV ( Fig. 6), not as dense as on I-II, but distinct. The holotypeof  Mecometopus mendosuswas described as being a male, but it is a female ( Figs. 2-3). 6497341301 1956-11 MZSP Zikan Brazil Corrego Ita Barra do Sao Francisco 1 2 3 1 2 Espirito Santo paratype 6497341302 1920-10 1934-10 1907-11-15 MZSP F. Hoffmann Brazil rio Guandu rio Guandu 1 2 1 1 2 Rio de Janeiro paratype 6497341303 1934-10 1934-10 1907-11-15 MZSP B. Pohl Brazil Rio de Janeiro rio Guandu 1 2 1 1 1 Rio de Janeiro paratype 6497341304 1907-11-15 1934-10 1907-11-15 MZSP Zikan Brazil Mar de Espanha rio Guandu 1 2 1 1 1 Minas Gerais paratype 6497341305 1909-11-29 MZSP Zikan Brazil 1 2 2 1 paratype 6497341306 1956-01 MZSP V. Gomes Brazil Coronel Pacheco 1 2 1 1 paratype 6497341307 2014-11 2018-12-11 2014-11 MZSP L. Migliore Brazil -22.705778 Parque Estadual do Rio Doce 1 -48.167057 Parque Estadual do Rio Doce 1 2 1 1 Sao Paulo paratype 6497341308 2018-12-11 2018-12-11 2014-11 semiochemical trap ESALQ W. D. Silva Brazil -22.705778 Anhembi 1 -48.167057 Parque Estadual do Rio Doce 1 2 1 1 Sao Paulo paratype 6497341309 2013-05-06 2018-12-11 2014-11 MZSP E. N. Lopes Brazil true -22.705778 Guarulhos 1 -48.167057 Parque Estadual do Rio Doce 1 2 2 1 1 Sao Paulo paratype 6497341310 1970-11-10 MZSP Monne Brazil Fazenda Pau d'Alho Itu 1 2 1 1 holotype 6497341311 1920-11-10 MZSP Melzer Brazil Guaruja 1 2 1 1 paratype 6497341312 1921-12 MZSP A. C. Braole Brazil Iguape 1 2 1 1 paratype 6497341313 1919-11 MZSP Merbach Brazil Campinas 1 2 1 1 paratype 6497341314 1921-11-13 MZSP Melzer Brazil Saude Saude 1 2 1 1 Sao Paulo paratype 6497341315 1921-11-13 MZSP Sohmalz Brazil Joinville Saude 1 2 1 1 Santa Catarina paratype 6497341316 MZSP Brazil Rio Vermelho 1 2 1 1 paratype 6497341317 1976-09-18 1976-09-18 1922-09 MZSP B. Aranda Paraguay Distrito Capital Distrito Capital 1 2 1 1 1 Asuncion paratype 6497341318 1922-09 1976-09-18 1922-09 MZSP K. Friebrig Paraguay San Bernardino Distrito Capital 1 2 1 1 1 Cordillera paratype