Mantispa compellens Walker, 1860: 181 Necyla uniformis Navás, 1927: 61 Penny 1977: 36 Ohl 2004: 206 Mantispa uniformis Penny, 1982a: 217 Mantispa parvula Penny, 1982b: 458 Penny & Costa 1983: 681 Ohl 2004: 188 Zeugomantispa compellens Hoffman, 2002: 273 Ohl 2004: 206 Reynoso-Velasco & Contreras-Ramos 2008: 710 Taxonomy of the Brazilian species previously placed in Mantispa Illiger, 1798 (Neuroptera: Mantispidae), with the description of three new species MACHADO, RENATO JOSÉ PIRES RAFAEL, JOSÉ ALBERTINO Zootaxa 2010 2010-05-13 2454 1 1 61 7GFNY (Walker, 1860) Walker 1860 [151,670,1274,1300] Insecta Mantispidae Zeugomantispa Animalia Neuroptera 50 51 Arthropoda species compellens    Mantispa compellensWalker, 1860: 181; Penny 1977: 35(list.); 1982b: 456, Figs. 94–98 (redesc.); Penny & Costa 1983: 680(redesc.). Type locality: Brazil: Amazon. Syntypes(NHM) not studied.    Necyla uniformisNavás, 1927: 61;  Penny 1977: 36(list.); 1982a: 217 (cit.);  Ohl 2004: 206(synon.). Type locality: Guatemala. Holotype(or Syntypes) (CN).    Mantispa uniformis;  Penny, 1982a: 217. Figs. 18. (cit.).     Mantispa parvula Penny, 1982b: 458. Figs. 99–103;  Penny & Costa 1983: 681(redesc.);  Ohl 2004: 188. (cat.). Type locality: Brazil: Pará: São Félix do Xingu. Holotypemale (INPA). (new synonym)studied.    Zeugomantispa compellens;  Hoffman, 2002: 273. Figs. 589, 594, 599;  Ohl 2004: 206. (cat.);  Reynoso-Velasco & Contreras-Ramos 2008: 710(list.).   Redescription, male.Vertex without a stable color pattern, anterior part generally green, posterior varies among yellow, green, red or brown (Fig. 27c). Specimens stored for a long time generally yellowish. Head, in frontal view, almost completely green except labrum and clypeus pale yellow (Fig. 27a). Some specimens with central longitudinal red or reddish brown stripe beginning between antennae and ending at labrum, generally bifurcate towards antennae. Mandible apex reddish brown, other mouthparts pale yellow. Antenna with scape green to light brown ventrally and reddish brown dorsally. Pedicel reddish brown, and flagellum dark brown (Fig. 27a). yellow spot at posteriorly (Fig. 27c). Pteronotum: without a stable color pattern, generally green with some yellow or brown spots in sutures and near wing base (Fig. 27c). Metanotum generally slightly light. Both scutella green to yellow with central brown spot (Fig. 27c) and with 2–8 pores each one. Pteropleura green (Fig. 27b). Specimens stored for a long time generally with some yellowish spots. Foreleg: coxa yellow to green. Trochanter pale yellow. Femur pale yellow to green (Fig. 27e, f), some specimens with brown spot on anterior surface, around base of basal spine. Tibia with base green and remainder pale yellow, same color as tarsomeres. Mid and hindlegs green on basal half of tibiae; remainder pale yellow. Coxae dark in some specimens (Fig. 27b). Tarsal claws with three or four teeth. Forewing: length: 7.7–11.7 mm, 4–7 costal crossveins and 8–10 veins extended posteriorly from RP. Hyaline, except cell 1AP apex light brown to yellow. Pterostigma reddish brown to red. Veins dark brown, except AA, AP1, AP2, CuA and base of CuP green. RA, C and Sc with base green and apex same color as pterostigma (Fig. 27f). Hindwing: 5–6 costal crossveins and 8–11 veins extended posteriorly from RP. Color pattern similar to forewing, except cell 1AP apex hyaline and MP base green (Fig. 27f). Abdomen reddish brown, except for small green spots and yellow central spots dorsally and ventrally. Pleura green. Pores in membranes between tergites III–V. These membranes completely divided into two distinct patches. Each group with 3–5 pores ( Fig. 28a). Terminalia: ectoproct subtriangular, with 19–35 stout setae on ventromedial lobe ( Fig. 28b). Sternite IX subpentagonal and with small rounded lobe at posterior border in ventral view ( Fig. 28c). Gonarcus median lobe short and rounded ( Fig. 28d, e). Gonarcus with constant width in lateral view ( Fig. 28g). Gonocoxite apex large in ventral and lateral views ( Fig. 28f). Mediuncus with base wider in lateral and ventral views and with apex bifurcate ( Fig. 28f, g). Gonarcal membrane without group of spinules ( Fig. 28f, g). Pseudopenal membrane with small scales on dorsal surface ( Fig. 28f). Hypomere irregularly shaped with small granules ( Fig. 28f, g).  Female.Similar to male, except for forewing length: 7.9–14.1 mm, 6–7 costal crossveins and 7–10 veins extended posteriorly from RP, hindwing with 7–11 veins extended posteriorly from RP. Terminalia: ectoproct as long as gonocoxite ( Fig. 28k). Sternite VIII, in ventral view, very reduced and usually covered by sternite VII ( Fig. 28i). Spermathecal duct coiled and wide distally ( Fig. 28j) Fertilization canal narrow, capsule covered by minuscule setae, except at canal base ( Fig. 28h).  Geographical data.Neotropical, with records from Mexicoto Brazil( Penny & Costa 1983; Hoffman 2002; Ohl 2004; Reynoso-Velasco & Contreras-Ramos 2008). There are many records from several states in Brazil( Penny & Costa 1983).  Bionomy.Specimens may be collected at any time of year. Nothing is known about its biology.   Discussion.  Mantispa parvulawas described by Penny (1982b)based in one pair of specimens from Pará state. Holotypemale is deposited at INPA collection, in bad condition; there is only part of the cleared abdomen, preserved in a micro vial with glycerin; and allotypefemale deposited at the MPEG collection. We analised the abdominal pores of the holotypewith high definition images of the allotype, and conclude that  M. parvulaand  Z. compellensare the same species, the oldest name that prevails is  Z. compellens. In Penny’s (1982b)study the description and illustration of  M. compellensdid not mention the hypomere. However, it is present and is easily seen.  Type material:   Holotypemale: Brazil:Moyen, Xingu, Bresil, Mission M-Boulard, J. Jauffreteet P. Pompanon, Museum Paris/ São Félix do Xingu,  29–30.ix.1975/ Museum Paris/ Holótipo  Mantispa parvulaPenny/ NEUROP. 061–INPA.  Allotypefemale:Pará, Gorotite Xingu, 14.xi.1977, D. A. Posey/ Alótipo  Mantispa parvulaPenny–MPEG. Other material examined:   Brazil: Roraima: Pacaraima, 04°29’42’’N– 61°07’28’’W,  x.2004, luz ( 1 ♀– INPA);   Amazonas: Barcelos: Igarapé Erere/ Coruja, 0º06’16’’N– 63º01’51’’W,  vi.2008, luz ( 1 ♀– INPA);  Rio Urubu, 02°10’S– 59°48’W,  ix.1982, luz ( 1 ♀– INPA);  Am010 Km246,  vii.1979, luz  40m,  Mantispa compellensWalker, det. N. D. Penny1981 ( 1 ♀, 3?– INPA);  Manaus, Silvicultura, BR-174 Km43,  iv.2003, luz ( 1 ♂– INPA); R[eserva] Ducke,  iv.1990( 1 ♂– INPA); iii.1977,  Mantispa flavomaculataLatreille, det.   N.D.Penny1982 ( 1 ♀– INPA); ZF-2, torre  40 m, 02°35’21’’S– 60°06’55’’W, i.  ix–x.2004, luz ( 3 ♂, 2 ♀– INPA);   FIGURE 28.  Zeugomantispa compellens: male: a, abdominal tergites; b, terminalia, dorsal view; c, sternite IX, ventral view; d, gonarcus, dorsal view; e, gonarcus, posterior view; f, genitalia, ventral view; g, genitalia, lateral view; female:  h, fertilization canal; i, sternite VIII and posterior border of sternite VII, ventral view; j, spermatheca; k, terminalia, lateral view. Membrane (mbn), pore (po), sternite (stn). Scale = 0.1 mm, except for a.    x.2003( 1 ♂, 1 ♀– INPA);   xi.2005, luz móvel ( 1 ♂– INPA); Presidente Figueiredo, BR-174 Km185, 01°26’21’’S– 60°18’04’’W,   i.2006( 1 ♂– INPA); Estr[ada] para BalbinaKm-24, 02°35’21’’S– 60°06’55’’W,   x.2003( 1 ♀– INPA);   x.2008, luz ( 2 ♂, 1 ♀– INPA); Itacoatiara, MadereiraMIL, 02°45’10’’S– 58°39’11’’W,   xi– xii.2005, luminosa móvel ( 5 ♂, 4 ♀– INPA);  Pará: Belo Monte: Rod.[ovia] Transamazônica: Rio Xingu, 03º05’52’’S– 51º41’31’’W,   iv.2008, Luz( 2 ♂– INPA);  Rondônia: Vilhena, 12°46’55’’S– 60°22’18’’W,   iv.2006( 2 ♂, 1 ♀– INPA); Ouro Preto do Oeste, INPA/CEPLAC, 10°43’00’’S– 62°14’45’’W,   iv.2006( 1 ♂, 1 ♀– INPA); Guaporé, 12°13’19’’S– 60°32’44’’W,   iv.2006( 1 ♀– INPA);  Minas Gerais: Caratinga: Estação Biológica de Caratinga,   i–ii.2003( 1 ♂– DZUP);  Bahia: Cachoeira Faz. Vila Rial, 14°36’23’’S– 38°53’47’’W,   v.2007, luz ( 3 ♂, 2 ♀– INPA);  Espírito Santo: Linhares: Res[erva] Vale Rio Doce: sede, 19°09’05’’S– 40°04’10’’W,   v.2007, luz ( 1 ♀– INPA);  Rio de Janeiro: Jussaral,   x.1935( 1 ♀– MNRJ); Rio de Janeiro: Jardim Botânico,   vi.1936( 1 ♀– MNRJ);  Paraná: Morretes: IAPAR,   vii–viii.1984, luminosa ( 2 ♀– DZUP). 1975-09-29 1975-09-30 1975-09-29 J. Jauffrete & P. Pompanon Brazil Sao Felix do Xingu 51 52 1 holotype 2004-10 INPA Brazil 4.495 Pacaraima 21 -61.124443 51 52 1 1 Roraima [243,1381,1794,1820] 2008-06 INPA Brazil Barcelos 0.104444444 Coruja 21 -63.030834 Igarape Erere 51 52 1 1 Amazonas 1982-09 INPA Brazil -2.1666667 Rio Urubu 1307 -59.8 51 52 1 1 Amazonas 1979-07 INPA Brazil N. D. Penny 40 Km Am 51 52 1 1 Amazonas 2003-04 INPA Brazil Manaus Km Silvicultura 51 52 1 1 Amazonas [362,837,1906,1932] 1990-04 INPA Brazil Ducke 51 52 1 1 Amazonas [151,1425,1943,1970] 2004-09 2004-10-31 2004-09 INPA N. D. Penny 40 -2.5891666 21 -60.115276 51 52 6 3 3 [151,470,151,178] 2003-10 INPA 54 55 2 1 1 2005-11 INPA Presidente Figueiredo & Km -1.4391668 21 -60.30111 54 55 1 1 [482,1431,188,215] 2006-01 INPA Estr & Balbina -2.5891666 21 -60.115276 54 55 1 1 [151,383,226,252] 2003-10 INPA 54 55 1 1 [394,1387,226,252] 2008-10 INPA Itacoatiara & Madereira -2.7527778 21 -58.653057 54 55 3 1 2 2005-11 2005-12-31 2005-11 INPA Belo Monte & Rod. -3.0977776 Rio Xingu 21 -51.691944 Transamazonica 54 55 9 4 5 Para [469,1337,300,327] 2008-04 INPA Luz & Vilhena -12.781944 Rondonia 21 -60.371666 54 55 2 2 Rondonia 2006-04 INPA -10.716666 Ouro Preto do Oeste 21 -62.245834 54 55 3 1 2 Rondonia 2006-04 INPA Guapore -12.221944 21 -60.545555 54 55 2 1 1 Rondonia 2006-04 INPA Estacao Biologica de Caratinga Caratinga 54 55 1 1 Minas Gerais [279,1263,412,439] 2003-01 2003-02-31 2003-01 DZUP Cachoeira Faz. Vila Rial -14.606389 Bahia 21 -38.89639 54 55 1 1 Bahia 2007-05 INPA Linhares & Res -19.151388 Rio Doce 21 -40.069443 54 55 5 2 3 Espirito Santo 2007-05 INPA Jussaral 54 55 1 1 Rio de Janeiro [661,1303,487,514] 1935-10 MNRJ Jardim Botanico 54 55 1 1 Rio de Janeiro 1936-06 MNRJ Morretes 54 55 1 1 Parana [618,1054,524,551] 1984-07 1984-08-31 1984-07 DZUP 54 55 2 2 Parana