Le Sueur, 1817 : 172 Le Sueur, 1817 : 173 Milne-Edwards, 1857 : 249 Milne-Edwards, 1857 : 262 Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 : 39 Bartholomea Solifera Duchassaing, 1870 : 21 Andres, 1883 : 386 Andres, 1883 : 392 Verrill, 1907 : 251 Stephenson, 1920 : 532 Watzl, 1922 : 60 Atoda, 1954 : 123 Chen, Soong & Chen, 2008 : 37 First Inventory of Sea Anemones (Cnidaria: Actiniaria) of the Mexican Caribbean Gonzalez-Muñoz, Ricardo Simões, Nuno Sanchez-Rodriguez, Judith Rodriguez, Estefania Segura-Puertas, Lourdes Zootaxa 2012 3556 1 38 KSN4 Le Sueur, 1817 Le Sueur 1817 [151,637,760,787] Anthozoa Aiptasiidae Bartholomea Animalia Actiniaria 27 28 Cnidaria species annulata  ( Figure 10, Table 2)     Actinia annulata  Le Sueur, 1817: 172–173.    Actinia solifera  Le Sueur, 1817: 173.    Paractis solifera  Milne-Edwards, 1857: 249–250.   Dysactis annulata  Milne-Edwards, 1857: 262.    Bartholomea solifera  Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864: 39, pl. VI, fig.14.   Bartholomea Solifera[ sic]  Duchassaing, 1870: 21.   Aiptasia solifera  Andres, 1883: 386.    Aiptasia annulata  Andres, 1883: 392.    Aiptasia annulata solifera  Verrill, 1907: 251.    Bartholomea annulata  Stephenson, 1920: 532.    Carlgreniella robusta  Watzl, 1922: 60, 66, 67–70, 73, 75, pl. I, fig. 6.   Aiptasia arrulata  Atoda, 1954: 123.    Batholomea annulata  Chen, Soong & Chen, 2008: 37.  Material examined.—  Puerto Morelos( 20°52’0.39” N, 86°51’41.67” W; 5 specimens),  Majahual( 18°42’28.18” N, 87°42’36.92” W; 1 specimen);  Punta Cancún( 21°9’10.5” N, 86°44’41.2” W; 1 specimen);  Isla Mujeres( 21°11’55.06” N, 86°43’35.88” W; 2 specimens),  Akumal( 20°23’39.68” N, 87°18’47.39” W; 1 specimen);  Xcalak( 18°15’53.55” N, 87°49’43.20” W; 1 specimen);  Isla Contoy( 21°28’16.98” N, 86°47’27.87” W; 1 specimen).  Diagnosis.—Fully expanded tentacles and oral disc 100–150 mmin diameter. Oral disc 35–46 mmin diameter, smooth, flat, brownish, semi-transparent, with small white, yellow and green dots; sometimes base of first cycle of tentacles with triangular spots ( Figure 10B). Tentacles with distinct white spiral bands, more concentrated distally; epidermis in spiral bands thickened ( Figure 10A–C, F). Tentacles 48–96, hexamerously arranged in four to six cycles, inner ones longer than outer ones, long, slender, brown, semi-transparent ( Figure 10B–D). Column elongated, 12–45 mmin height, 15–38 mmin diameter, divided into capitulum and scapus ( Figure 10C). Capitulum smooth, light to dark brown, with white and yellow spots. Scapus smooth but corrugate in appearance when contracted. One or two rows of cinclides in mid-scapus. Pedal disc well developed, 8–24 mmin diameter ( Figure 10D). Pedal disc and scapus light brown or beige, semi-transparent, mesenterial insertions visible. Mesenteries hexamerously arranged in four cycles (48 pairs in specimens examined): first cycle perfect, others imperfect. No gametogenic tissue observed in specimens reviewed. Two pairs of directives each attached to a well developed siphonoglyph ( Figure 10E). Retractor muscles strong, restricted ( Figure 10E); parietobasilar poorly developed. Basilar muscles poorly developed. Marginal sphincter muscle not observed. Longitudinal muscles of tentacles ectodermal. Acontia white, with basitrichs and microbasic p-amastigophores. Zooxanthellae present. Cnidom: basitrichs, holotrichs, microbasic p-amastigophores and spirocysts ( Figure 10G–T; see Table 2).  Natural history.—  Bartholomea annulatalives in shallow waters inside crevices of rocks and coral rubble, with only its tentacles above the substrate, in the lagoon and back-reef zones, often between 1–15 mbut observed down to  20 m.Often observed in caves and crevices at the interface between hard and sandy substratum.  Bartholomea annulatais commonly associated with the shrimp  Ancylomenes pedersoniand the pistol shrimp  Alpheus armatusRathbun, 1901( Manjarrés 1977; Ritson-Williams & Paul 2007).  Alpheus armatusprotects the anemonefrom predation by the fire-worm  Hermodice carunculata( Pallas, 1766)and cleans the shelter, allowing the anemoneto expand and retract its tentacles completely when disturbed; the anemoneprotects the shrimp from predation and provides it lodging ( Smith 1977). Other crustaceans reported in association with  B. annulataare  Periclimenes yucatanicus,  P. rathbunae,  Thor amboinensis,  Alpheus immaculatus Knowlton & Keller, 1983and  Alpheus polystictus Knowlton & Keller, 1985( Manjarrés 1978, Knowlton & Keller 1983, 1985, 1986; Ritson-Williams & Paul 2007).  Distribution.—From Bermudato Barbados, along the entire Caribbean Sea (see Table 1). In the Mexican Caribbean, this species is reported in Cozumel and Puerto Morelos reefs (INE 2000; Sánchez-Rodríguez et al. 2001, 2006; Jordán-Dahlgren 2008), but this is the first time recorded for Majahual, Punta Cancún, IslaMujeres, Akumal, Xcalak, and IslaContoy reefs.  Remarks.—Currently  Bartholomeahas three valid species, of which  B. annulataand  B. werneri Watzl, 1922are reported for the Caribbean Sea ( Fautin 2011). According to Watzl (1922), the spiral bands in the tentacles of  B. werneriare more widely spaced than those in  B. annulata. Further studies are needed to establish if the difference in the arrangement of the spiral bands of both species represents a species level difference or intraspecific variation. 1416638311 [396,1120,1302,1326] Mexico 20.866776 Puerto Morelos 1 -86.86157 27 28 5 1416638316 Mexico 18.707829 Majahual 1 -87.71025 27 28 1 1416638297 [538,1271,1338,1362] Mexico 21.152916 Punta Cancún 1 -86.744774 27 28 1 1416638294 Mexico 21.198627 Isla Mujeres 1 -86.72663 27 28 2 1416638292 [709,1350,1374,1398] Mexico 20.394356 Akumal 1 -87.31316 27 28 1 1416638302 Mexico 18.264875 Xcalak 1 -87.82867 27 28 1 1416638301 [703,1386,1410,1434] Mexico 21.471384 Isla Contoy 1 -86.79108 27 28 1