Cranopsis watsoni ( Dall, 1889 ) Puncturella (Cranopsis) granulata Puncturella (Cranopsis) tuberculata Watson, 1883: 31 Puncturella watsoni Dall, 1889: 403-404 Puncturella granulata Poirier, 1954: 14 Abbott, 1974: 23 Cranopsis granulata New species, misidentifications and problematic taxonomy of some Atlantic South American marine mollusks: a review Simone, Luiz Ricardo L. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 2024 2024-08-09 64 1 104     Cranopsis watsoni( Dall, 1889)revalidated, new combination ( Fig. 4H-K)   Puncturella (Cranopsis) granulata:Watson, 1883: 31 Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896: 491, 1897: 180; Farfante, 1947: 124-126(pl. 54, figs. 4-7); Rios, 1975: 14(pl. 2, fig. 14), 1985: 12-13 (pl. 6, fig. 43), 1994: 24 (pl. 6, fig. 47), 2009: 29 (fig. 55) (non Seguenza, 1863).   Puncturella (Cranopsis) tuberculataWatson, 1883: 31(invalid, see below).     Puncturella watsoni Dall, 1889: 403-404.    Puncturella granulata:  Poirier, 1954: 14;  Abbott, 1974: 23(sp. 79); Molluscabase, 2024 (non Seguenza, 1863).   Cranopsis granulata:Simone & Cunha, 2014: 452-453 (non Seguenza, 1863).   Type localities:  Near Barbados,100 fms. Sta.20,220 fms.; off Bahia Honda, Cuba;  Off Yucatan, 200 fms. Focusedto off Barbados, 100 fms by Farfante (1947)by lectotypedesignation.  Puncturella tuberculata:Challenger sta. 24, north of Culebra Island;  18°38′30″N 65°5′30″W, 390 fms, off St. Thomas, N of Culebra Island, Danish W. Indies, 390 fms.   Remarks:The Atlantic  Cranopsis watsonihas been considered synonymous with  C. granulata.However,  C. granulatawas described by Seguenza (1863: 88)as a Miocene fossil from Messina, Italy. Despite age and geographic discrepancies, the Recent Atlantic specimens do not entirely match the original concept of the fossil  C.granulata,particularly regarding the height of the shell, which was described as "poco elevata,″or low. In contrast, existing species are notable for having a tall, elevated shell ( Fig. 4H, J). Therefore, the most appropriate taxonomic procedure is to consider  C. granulatasolely as a Miocene fossil species from the Italian region, and the Recent Atlantic populations as a distinct taxonomic entity.   Puncturella (Cranopsis) tuberculataWatson, 1883should be an older name, but it was simply introduced as a synonym of  P. granulataand was never mentioned again (Watson, 1883; MolluscaBase, 2024), rendering it a nomen nudumstatus and an unavailable name. The only available name for the Atlantic Recent species is  Puncturella watsoni Dall, 1889, which fully meets the taxonomic requirements to be considered the valid name. It supersedes the previous concept known as  C. granulata.Since  P. tuberculata,despite being invalid, was clearly associated with Recent material, it is evidently a synonym of  C. granulata. The recent synonymy of the genus  Cranopsiswith  PuncturellaLowe, 1827(  Cunha et al.,2019; MolluscaBase, 2024) is not adopted here, as the differentiation between both genera is deemed consistent, as reported by Simone & Cunha(2014). [274,712,1914,1939] Barbados Near Sta. 7 8 1 [95,347,1946,1971] Cuba Bahia Honda 7 8 1 Barbados Culebra Island Off Yucatan Focused 7 8 1 lectotype W. Indies Barbados 18.641666 St. Thomas 21 -65.09167 7 8 1 lectotype