Taxonomy of the Neotropical species of Calythea (Anthomyiidae: Diptera), with description of two new species from South America Gomes, Lucas Roberto Pereira Carvalho, Claudio José Barros de Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 2022 e 20210102 2022-03-23 66 1 1 11 9J5ZD Gomes & Carvalho, 2022 Gomes & Carvalho 2022 [113,311,1822,1841] Insecta Anthomyiidae Calythea Animalia Diptera 6 7 Arthropoda species cochlearis sp. nov.  ( Figs. 2, 4e-h, 5a-c, 6)   Diagnosis. Calythea cochlearis  new speciescan be separated from the other species of the genus in having the distance between the presutural acrostichal rows, at least the two first pairs, longer than their distance to dorsocentral rows; and postgonite bilobate.   Description.Male holotype. Body length: 4.2 mm. Wing length: 4.0 mm. Thorax black, silvery pruinose on postpronotal lobe and notopleuron; pronotum pruinose basally parallel to notopleural suture and extending to transverse suture ( Fig. 2b). Calypters white with edge yellow. Halter basally brownish and yellow apically. Legs black with pulvillus yellowish. Abdomen black with silvery pruinose on tergites 2-5, forming two dorsal almost triangular spots, segments 3 and 4 with laterally and superiorly prolonged spots.  Head.Eyes bare. Frontal vitta very narrow, distance between eyes shorter than width of anterior ocellus ( Fig. 2a). 6-7 pairs of frontal setae. Face projecting beyond frontal angle. Gena shorter than length of pedicel. Parafacialia very narrow, with about 1/5 of postpedicel width. Postpedicel twice longer than length of pedicel. Pedicel with a long dorsal seta, shorter than length of pedicel.  Thorax.2 postpronotals; dorsocentrals 2+3; acrostichals 4+8 setulaelike, with only the prescutellar developed; prealar absent. Anepisternum with a row of 4 posterior setae and an upward anterior seta below anterior notopleural seta. Scutellum with a pair of basal, preapical and apical setae; the apical seta almost twice as long as basal seta. Meron with a tuft of 4-6 setulae, located posteriorly below spiracle. Katepimeron with 6-9 setulae.  Legs.Fore tibia with 1 submedian p seta; 1 preapical d seta, and 1 apical pv; fore pretarsus with 1 basal v seta. Mid femur with 4 v setae at base; and 2 p preapical setae; midtibia with 1 median pv seta, 1 submedian p seta; preapical seta on av, d, pv, and v. Hind femur with 2 av rows, 1 long and stout and 1 long fine; 2 ad, 2 d, and 1 pd preapicals; 1pv row long and sparce setae; hind tibia with a submedian av, 1 supramedian and 1 submedian ad, and a long submedian pd seta three times longer than tibia width; preapical seta on av and d; hind pretarsus with 1 basal v seta.  Abdomen.With many covered setulae; sternite 1 setulose, setulae slightly longer than length of sternite; tergite 3-5 with long median and lateral marginal seta, terminal segment with apical and discal setae; sternite 5 quadrangular with a serrated edge on its posterior incision ( Fig. 4e).  Terminalia.Cerci triangular from posterior view ( Fig. 4f); surstyli, from posterior view, long and straight with an acute median projection on inner surface ( Fig. 4f), and from lateral view, slightly curved and enlarged apically (spoon-like) ( Fig. 4g); Hypopygium on lateral view with phalapodema long and slightly curved, pregonite with two long setae, postgonite bilobate with a median long seta and two apical setulae, epiphallus as long as postgonite, distiphallus very large and rounded ( Fig. 4h).  Female.Similar to male, except: Body length: 4.0- 4.5 mm. Wing length: 3.8-4.0 mm. Thorax with 3 conspicuous dorsal stripes, the central stripe twice wider than the laterals and exceeding the line of acrostichal setae; and 2 dotted strips on dorsocentral setae region between the central stripe and the laterals ( Fig. 2e). Scutellum fully covered by pruinose, except basally on lateral region and dorsally on the basal third. Anepisternum with a row of 3 posterior setae. Meron with a tuft of 3-4 setulae, located posteriorly below spiracle. Katepimeron with 4-5 setulae. Terminalia with cerci dilated distally, with long setae; epiproct subtriangular, as long as its wide; hypoproct subconical, twice longer than its wide; sternite 6 and 7 trapezoid; tergite 6 and 7 T-shaped dorsally; sternite 8 as long as tergite 8 ( Fig. 5a-c).   Etymology.The specific epithet refers to the spoon-like shape of the surstyli in lateral view (latin word cochlearis = spoon). Gender neuter.   Material examined.  Holotype. Brazil. Paraná. Jundiaí do Sul, Fazenda Monte Verde[ -23.423531, -50.281910], Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR, Malaise trap,  22.ix.1986( DZUP 099249).   Paratypes(n= 55). Argentina: Tucumán, V.Padre Monti, Burruyacú[ -26.4998, -64.7412], R. Golbach,  17.i–7.ii.1948, 1♂( DZUP);  Brazil: Maranhão. Parque Estadual Mirador, Base da Geraldina[ -6.623888, -45.869166], J. A. Rafael& F. L. Oliveira,  28–30.ix.2006, 1♀( INPA);  Mato Grosso do Sul. Bodoquena Fazenda California[ -20.698333, -51.881955], Van Somerenmodified, Lamas, C. J. E.,  07–08.viii.2011, 1♀( MZUSP);  Minas Gerais. Araxá[ -19.5934, -46.9411], C. T. & C. Elias,  22.xi.1965, 1♂( DZUP 099242);  Viçosa[ -20.7536, -42.8761], G. R. Lima,  12.viii.1986(Nº68), 1♂( DZUP);  Paraná. Guarapuava, Est.Sta. Clara[ -25.632814, -51.964977], Lev. Ent.PROFAUPAR,  15.ix.1986, 1♀( DZUP 099273);  Jundiaí do Sul, Fazenda Monte Verde[ -23.423531, -50.281910], Lev. Ent.PROFAUPAR, Malaise trap,  02.xi.1987, 1♀( DZUP 099276); same label information, except:  22.ix.1986, 1♀( DZUP 099280);   07.ix.1987, 1♀( DZUP 099281);  light trap,  04.x.1986, 2♂♂( DZUP 099241; 099248); light trap,  02.ix.1986, 1♂( DZUP 099243);  Palmas, Linha Alegre, Fazenda Cerro Chato[ -26.50252, -51.67033], Malaise,  1224m, M. Savaris& A. L. Norrbom,  3-4.iii.2015, 3♂♂and 2♀♀( DZUP);  Ponta Grossa, V. Velha, IAPAR [ -25.244012, -50.011530], Ganho& Marinoni, Malaise trap,  06.ix.1999, 1♀( DZUP 099274); same label information, except:  10.vii.2000, 2♀♀( DZUP 058573, 099275);   01.xi.1999, 1♀( DZUP);   28.viii.2000, 1♀( DZUP);  Lev. Ent.PROFAUPAR,  18.viii.1986, 1♀( DZUP 463152);  Lev. Ent.PROFAUPAR,  01.x.1986, 1♀( DZUP 058557);  light trap, Lev. Ent.PROFAUPAR,  04.viii.1986, 1♀( DZUP 099279);  Lev. Ent.PROFAUPAR,  04.x.1986, 1♂( DZUP 058550);  Telêmaco Borba, Res. Biol. Klabin[ -24.297941, -50.618785], Malaise trap, Lev. Ent.PROFAUPAR,  12.x.1987, 1♀( DZUP 058495);  Piauí. Guaribas, Parque Nacional Serra das Confusões, Andorinha; 09º08’27.8”S; 43º33’42.1”W,  515m, Malaise trap, J. A. Rafael& F. Limeira-de-Oliveira,  01–10.ix.2013, 1♂( CZMA).  Samelabel information, except:  11–20.viii.2013, 1♂( CZMA);   20–31.viii.2013, 1♂( DZUP);  Piracuruca, P. N. de Sete Cidades, PostoICMBio, 04º05’57”S; 41º42’34”W, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira& J. S. Pinto Júnior,  01–14.ii.2013, 1♂( CZMA);  Rio Grande do Sul. Quaraí[ -30.384608, -56.448744], J. R. Cure,  21.xi.1985, 2♂♂and 4♀♀( DZUP 099239–40, 099269, 099277, 462901, 462909);  Santa Catarina. Nova Teutônia[ -27.1833, -52.3833],  300–500 m, Fritz Plaumann,  6.v.1961, 1♀( MZUSP);  São Paulo. São Carlos, EMBRAPA, Faz. Canchim[ -21.954680, -47.847250], Airton S. Soares,  xii.2010, 9♂♂and 7♀♀( MZUSP, 5♂♂and 4♀♀; DZUP, 4♂♂and 3♀♀);  Sergipe. Canindé do São Francisco, Res.CHESF, Tabuleiro Argiloso Plano, área 1 [ -9.6296, -37.8028], Malaise trap, Luciana Ianuzi,  14.ix.2000, 1♂ Projeto Xingó( DZUP).  Non-type material.  Rio Grande do Sul. Quaraí[ -30.384608, -56.448744], J. R. Cure,  19-20.xi.1985, 2♂♂( DZUP 099251–52).   Distribution. Argentina( Tucumán) and Brazil( Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Piauí, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, São Paulo, Sergipe) ( Fig. 6).   Remarks.Two male specimens from Quaraí ( Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) have the surstyli slightly narrower, this was considered as morphological variation and these specimens were not included as paratypes. 4146168353 1986-09-22 DZUP Brazil -23.42353 Fazenda Monte Verde 1 -50.28191 Jundiai do Sul 6 7 DZUP 099249 1 Parana holotype 4146168317 1948-01-17 1948-02-07 1948-01-17 DZUP V. Padre Monti & R. Golbach Argentina -26.4998 Burruyacu 6 -64.7412 7 8 1 1 Tucuman paratype 4146168342 2006-09-28 2006-09-30 2006-09-28 INPA J. A. Rafael & F. L. Oliveira Brazil -6.623888 Base da Geraldina 1 -45.869167 Parque Estadual Mirador 7 8 1 1 Maranhao paratype 4146168328 2011-08-07 2011-08-08 2011-08-07 MZUSP Van Someren & Lamas, C. J. E. Brazil -20.698334 Bodoquena Fazenda California 1 -51.881954 7 8 1 1 Mato Grosso do Sul paratype 4146168354 1965-11-22 DZUP C. T. & C. Elias Brazil -19.5934 Araxa 7 -46.9411 7 8 DZUP 099242 1 1 Minas Gerais paratype 4146168303 1986-08-12 DZUP G. R. Lima Brazil -20.7536 Vicosa 7 -42.8761 7 8 1 1 Minas Gerais paratype 4146168331 1986-09-15 DZUP Lev. Ent. Brazil -25.632814 Est. Sta. Clara 1 -51.964977 Guarapuava 7 8 DZUP 099273 1 1 Parana paratype 4146168338 1987-11-02 DZUP Lev. Ent. Brazil -23.42353 Fazenda Monte Verde 1 -50.28191 7 8 DZUP 099276 1 1 Jundiai do Sul paratype 4146168319 [172,753,507,528] 1986-09-22 DZUP Brazil 7 8 DZUP 099280 1 1 Jundiai do Sul paratype 4146168333 [82,363,536,558] 1987-09-07 DZUP Brazil true 7 8 DZUP 099281 1 1 Jundiai do Sul paratype 4146168343 1986-09-02 1986-10-04 1986-09-02 DZUP Brazil 7 8 DZUP 099241, DZUP 099243 3 3 Jundiai do Sul paratype 4146168358 2015-03-03 2015-03-04 2015-03-03 DZUP M. Savaris & A. L. Norrbom Brazil Palmas 1224 -26.50252 Fazenda Cerro Chato 1 -51.67033 Linha Alegre 7 8 5 2 3 Jundiai do Sul paratype 4146168347 1999-09-06 DZUP Ganho & Marinoni Brazil -25.244013 Velha 1 -50.01153 7 8 DZUP 099274 1 1 Jundiai do Sul paratype 4146168330 2000-07-10 DZUP Brazil 7 8 DZUP 058573, 099275 2 2 Jundiai do Sul paratype 4146168318 [548,753,713,734] 1999-11-01 DZUP Brazil 7 8 1 1 Jundiai do Sul paratype 4146168363 [82,318,742,764] 2000-08-28 DZUP Brazil 7 8 1 1 Jundiai do Sul paratype 4146168325 1986-08-18 DZUP Brazil Lev. Ent. 7 8 DZUP 463152 1 1 Jundiai do Sul paratype 4146168305 [179,699,772,793] 1986-10-01 DZUP Brazil Lev. Ent. 7 8 DZUP 058557 1 1 Jundiai do Sul paratype 4146168361 1986-08-04 DZUP Brazil Lev. Ent. 7 8 DZUP 099279 1 1 Jundiai do Sul paratype 4146168326 1986-10-04 DZUP Brazil Lev. Ent. 7 8 DZUP 058550 1 1 Jundiai do Sul paratype 4146168313 1987-10-12 DZUP Lev. Ent. Brazil -24.297941 Res. Biol. Klabin 1 -50.618786 Telemaco Borba 7 8 DZUP 058495 1 1 Jundiai do Sul paratype 4146168309 2013-09-01 2013-09-10 2013-09-01 CZMA J. A. Rafael & F. Limeira-de-Oliveira Brazil 515 -9.141055 Andorinha 1 -43.561695 Guaribas 7 8 1 1 Piaui paratype 4146168335 2013-08-11 2013-08-20 2013-08-11 CZMA Brazil Same 7 8 1 1 Piaui paratype 4146168355 2013-08-20 2013-08-31 2013-08-20 DZUP Brazil true Same 7 8 1 1 Piaui paratype 4146168336 2013-02-01 2013-02-14 2013-02-01 CZMA F. Limeira-de-Oliveira & J. S. Pinto Junior Brazil -4.099167 Posto 21 -41.709446 Piracuruca 7 8 1 1 Piaui paratype 4146168324 1985-11-21 DZUP J. R. Cure Brazil -30.384607 Quarai 1 -56.448746 7 8 DZUP 099239-40, 099269, 099277, 462901, 462909 6 4 2 Rio Grande do Sul paratype 4146168316 1961-05-06 MZUSP Fritz Plaumann Brazil 400 -27.1833 Nova Teutonia 6 -52.3833 7 8 1 1 Santa Catarina paratype 4146168351 2010-12 MZUSP Airton S. Soares Brazil -21.95468 Faz. Canchim 1 -47.84725 Sao Carlos 7 8 32 14 18 Sao Paulo paratype 4146168357 2000-09-14 DZUP Luciana Ianuzi & Projeto Xingo Brazil Caninde do Sao Francisco -9.6296 Tabuleiro Argiloso Plano 7 -37.8028 Res. 7 8 1 1 Sergipe paratype 4146168332 1985-11-19 1985-11-20 1985-11-19 DZUP J. R. Cure -30.384607 Quarai 1 -56.448746 7 8 DZUP 099251-52 2 2 Rio Grande do Sul