Two new species of Dunkleosteus Lehman, 1956, from the Ohio Shale Formation (USA, Famennian) and the Kettle Point Formation (Canada, Upper Devonian), and a cladistic analysis of the Eubrachythoraci (Placodermi, Arthrodira)
Carr, Robert K.
Hlavin, William J.
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
2010
2010-05-31
159
1
195
222
WANG, 1979
Wang
1979
[1015,1347,1230,1252]
Placodermi
Panxiosteidae
GBIF
Animalia
Arthrodira
19
214
Chordata
family
Retaining the familial distinction noted by Wang (1979), we refer Pa. ocullusand J. timanicusto the family Panxiosteidae(node 10; Fig. 9), and note the possible assignment of Plourdosteusto this family (supported by K. Trinajstic & K. Dennis-Bryan, unpubl. data, based on a consideration of polymorphisms and their effects on phylogenetic analyses, although the relationships of the Panxiosteidae, among the Pachyosteomorphi, differs from the current study). Additionally, we retain the Dunkleosteoidea(node 12; Fig. 9B), but emend its membership to include only the Dunkleosteidae(node 11; Fig. 9B), as outlined above, and the Panxiosteidae(node 10; Fig. 9B). This still leaves the differing opinions concerning the Plourdosteidaeunresolved: (1) a pachyosteomorph sister group to Dunkleosteidae ( Vézina, 1990); (2) a pachyosteomorph sister group, in part, to Dunkleosteidae(= Panxiosteidae, as used here), with some members more closely related to Coccosteus cuspidatus Miller, 1841; or (3) a coccosteomorph family not closely related to the Dunkleosteidae( Gardiner & Miles, 1994; Long, 1995; that also includes panxiosteids within the Plourdosteidae).