Seven new species of the earthworm genus Metaphire Sims & Easton, 1972 from Thailand (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) Bantaowong, Ueangfa Chanabun, Ratmanee James, Samuel W. Panha, Somsak Zootaxa 2016 4117 1 63 84 Bantaowong & Panha Bantaowong & Panha [151,692,645,671] Clitellata Megascolecidae Metaphire GBIF Animalia Opisthopora 18 81 Annelida species surinensis sp. nov.    Typematerial. Holotype: clitellate ( CUMZ3395), Thailand, Surin, Sangkha, Pasonnongkoo Forest Park, 14°41'12.0"N, 103°44'47.9" E, 165 mamsl, 16 October 2012, leg. U. Bantaowong, C. Sutcharit, R. Chanabun, J. Taptimon & W. Siriwut. Paratypes: 2 adults( CUMZ3396), 1 adult( ZMH), 1 adult( NHMUK), same data as holotype.   Etymology.The specis is named after Surin, the province where it was collected.   Diagnosis.Large  Metaphireworms; length 275–300 mmwith 153–190 segments. Setae numbering 112–130 inVII, 128–142 inXX, no setae between male pores. Copulatory pouches invaginated in a single deep transverse body wall invagination in segment XVIII, genital markings closely paired, protuberant in 18/19. Spermathecal pores closely paired in 6/7. Spermathecae with elliptical ampulla, diverticulum long, slender, with sausage-like seminal chamber. Holandric, intestinal caeca simple, first dorsal pore in 11/12. Prostate glands large, posterior to copulatory sacs, ducts slender, joining large circular copulatory sac near its center; large genital marking gland posterior to each copulatory sac.   Description of holotype.Dimensions: 275 mmby 8.8 mmat segment VII, 9.2 mmat segment XX, 9.0 mm at clitellum; body cylindrical with 190 segments. Preserved specimen brownish-red dorsally, light-gray ventrally; clitellum light-brown. Setae regularly distributed around segmental equators, numbering 123 at VII, 128 at XX, no setae between male pores, setal formula AA:AB:ZZ:ZY=1:1:1:1 at XIII. Single female pore at XIV. Prostomium epilobic. First dorsal pore at 11/12. Clitellum annular XIV–XVI. Male pores in copulatory pouches, these, together with their apertures, enclosed in a single, deep, transverse body wall invagination; pouches invisible from the outside. Apertures of pouches inside invagination, 0.15 circumference apart ventrally, equalling 5 mm. Genital markings huge, closely paired, protuberant in 18/19. One pair of spermathecal pores, very closely paired, each on a tiny tubercle, in furrow 6/7, ventral, distance between paired pores about 0.05 body circumference, distance between spermathecal pores 1.5 mm.  Septa5/6–7/8 thick, 8/9–9/10absent, 10/11–11/12thin. Gizzard large behind 7/8, intestinal origin in XV, intestinal caeca originating in XXVII, simple and extending to XXIII. Typhlosole a simple fold, one-fourth of the lumen diameter, beginning in XXVII. Oesophageal hearts four pairs in X–XIII. Holandric; testes and funnels enclosed in paired sacs in X and XI. Seminal vesicles two pairs in XI–XII, large but not conjoint mid-dorsally, nearly equal in size and in shape. Prostate glands well-developed, large, extending anteriorly to segment XX, posteriorly to XXVII. Prostate duct very long, of sigmoid shape, copulatory pouches in segment XVIII. Genital marking glands, paired cushion-like glandular masses, possibly protrusible externally. Ovaries in XIII. One pair of spermathecae in VII. Ampulla elliptical. Terminal chamber of diverticulum sausage-like, longer than ampulla, remarkable in being slightly larger than the ampulla.  Variation.The two paratypesare 208 and 330 mmlong and with 153 and 169 segments, respectively. One paratypehas a pair of genital markings on 17/18, with prostate glands situated on segments XVIII–XXI. The other paratypeshows long prostate glands in segments XVIII–XXXIII.   Distribution.This species is known only from the typelocality. They live in the soil at about 20–30 cmdepth, in a forest park.   Remarks.The only bithecal species of the genus  Metaphireknown to date that has the spermathecal pores at 6/7 is  M. ladjangensis( Ude, 1932). Differences between  M. surinensisand  M. ladjangensisare primarily in the body size, male field and the location of genital markings.  Metaphire ladjangensisis a quite small earthworm, 70 mmin body length and 95 segments while  M. surinensishas length 275–300 mmwith 153–190 segments. The secondary male pores of  M. ladjangensisare small, visible from the surface and have 14 setae between them, but in  M. surinensisthey are in a deep invagination of the body wall with no setae between them. Moreover, in  M. ladjangensisthe genital markings are situated on segment VIII and intersegments 17/18–18/19, and male pores are 0.30 body circumference ventrally apart, while in  M. surinensisthe genital markings are situated on intersegment 18/ 19 inthe holotypeand the distance between openings of copulatory pouch is about 0.15 circumference.