The medicinal plants of Myanmar DeFilipps, Robert A. Krupnick, Gary A. PhytoKeys 2018 2018-06-28 102 1 341 93CDB905-FECF-0134-B01A-63961D92E1EE Planch. Planch. Magnoliopsida Ulmaceae Holoptelea CoL Plantae Holoptelea integrifolia Rosales 162 163 Tracheophyta species integrifolia  Names.  Myanmar: myauk-seik, pyauk-seik. English: Indian elm.  Range. India, Nepal, Sri Lanka; Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam. Widely distributed in Myanmar.  Use.  Bark: Used to treat rheumatism.  Notes. The bark and leaves are bitter, astringent, acrid, thermogenic, anti-inflammatory, digestive, carminative, laxative, anthelmintic, depurative, and revulsive; considered useful in vitiated conditions of kapha and pitta, inflammations, dyspepsia, flatulence, colic, helminthiasis, vomiting, skin diseases, leprosy, diabetes, hemorrhoids, and rheumatism ( Warrier et al. 1994). An aqueous extract of leaves of this species has shown antimicrobial activity ( Sharma et al. 2009).  Reference.  Perry (1980).