Description of a new species of the Rhinolophus trifoliatus-group (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) from Southeast Asia Soisook, Pipat Struebig, Matthew J. Noerfahmy, Sephy Bernard, Henry Maryanto, Ibnu Chen, Shiang- Fan Rossiter, Stephen J. Kuo, Hao- Chih Deshpande, Kadambari Bates, Paul J. J. Sykes, Dan Miguez, Roberto Portela Acta Chiropterologica 2015 2015-06-01 17 1 21 36 7NDH7 Soisook & Struebig & Noerfahmy & Bernard & Maryanto, 2015 Soisook & Struebig & Noerfahmy & Bernard & Maryanto 2015 Mammalia Rhinolophidae Rhinolophus Animalia Chiroptera 13 33 Chordata subSpecies francisi subsp. nov. thailandicus  ( Figs. 1, 3–6; Tables 1–2)    Holotype   PSUZC-MM.2008.51 (field number PS080420.6), adult male, body in alcohol, skull and baculum extracted, collected by Pipat Soisook, Tuanjit Srithongchuay, Piyawan Niyomwanand Priwan Srisom, on  20 April, 2008.  Type locality  Pu Nam Ron Stream, Mae Nam Pha Chi WS., Ratchaburi Province, Western Thailand( 13º15’N, 99º2’E,  431 ma.s.l.).   Diagnosis This subspecies is very similar to the nominate subspecies from Borneo with a FA of 52.97 mmand a SL of 24.37 mm. The rostral swelling is relatively narrower than in the specimens from Borneo, with an AMSW and ALSW of 4.76 and 6.53 mm, respectively. The 3D1P is relatively short; it is 66.74% of the length of the 3D2P. The sagittal crest is less developed than in the nominate subspecies. Genetically, it differs from the nominate subspecies by 10.03% at a section of the cytochrome oxidase-I gene.   Etymology The subspecific name, thailandicus, means ‘of or from Thailand’ indicating where this subspecies is found. The proposed English name of the subspecies is ‘ ThailandWoolly Horseshoe Bat’.   Description and taxonomic notes As in the nominate subspecies from Borneo, the Thai subspecies, R. f. thailandicusis a mediumlarge  Rhinolophus.The general appearance is similar to  francisifrom Borneo and overlaps in size, with a FA of 52.97 mm( Table 1). The body mass (MASS) is 16.0 g. The height of the ear is of 23.81 mm. The noseleaf width (NL) is 12.21 mm( Table 1). The wing measurements are larger than those of R. f. francisi; the third metacarpal (3MET) is 37.47 mm; the fourth (4MET) is 42.47 mmand the fifth metacarpal (5MET) is 43.99 mm( Table 1). In the skull, the SL and CCL are 24.37 mmand 21.72 mm, respectively ( Table 2). The AMSW and ALSW are of 4.76 mmand 6.53 mm, respectively. The supraorbital ridge is very well defined and connected to a well-developed sagittal crest ( Fig. 3a). The zygomatic breadth (ZB) is 12.16 mmwhich exceeds the mastoid width (MW), 11.31 mm( Fig. 3a; Table 2). Each zygoma has a distinct triangular-shaped dorsal arch ( Fig. 3a). Both the upper and lower dentition are as in R. f. francisibut are slightly smaller in size; C–M3 is 9.30 mm; C1–C1 6.07 mm; M3–M3 8.86 mm. The palatal length (PL) is 3.21 mm( Table 2).  The morphological comparison with other species is as in the nominate form of  R. francisi.The size of Thai specimen is the smallest of the species. It is intermediate in size between the slightly larger  R. beddomeiand the slightly smaller  R. trifoliatus( Tables 1–2; Fig. 5). As noted above, a future study with more specimens from Thailandmay prove that the subspecies from Thailandis specifically distinct. 2813070301 20 April, 2008 PSUZC-MM Pipat Soisook & Tuanjit Srithongchuay & Piyawan Niyomwan & Priwan Srisom Thailand 431 13.25 Pu Nam Ron Stream, Mae Nam Pha Chi WS. 1291 99.03333 13 33 PS080420.6 1 1 1 Ratchaburi Province holotype