New leaf- and litter-dwelling species of the genus Pholcus from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Pholcidae) Bernard A. Huber Joseph K. H. Koh Amir-Ridhwan M. Ghazali Kamil A. Braima Olga M. Nuñeza Charles Leh Moi Ung Booppa Petcharad European Journal of Taxonomy 2016 200 1 45 9473Q Huber Huber [602,888,868,895] Arachnida Pholcidae Pholcus Animalia Araneae 8 9 Arthropoda species uludong sp. nov.  urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B379B03A-5BA0-4FEF-816D-DE9C3E6068A9  Figs 8–9, 15–31, 78, 84–86    Diagnosis Easily distinguished from most similar known relatives (other species of the  P. ethagalagroup on the Malay Peninsula) by morphology of male palps ( Figs 15–16; procursus with large flat dorsal process; large appendix distally with two rounded sclerotized elements set with small scales; relatively straight trochanter apophysis similar only to  P. phui), by large anterior square-shaped structure in female internal genitalia, and by elongate anteriorly converging pore plates ( Figs 18–19).    Etymology The species name is derived from the typelocality; noun in apposition.    Material examined    Holotype   MALAYSIA: ♂, ZFMK( Ar 15694), Pahang, Ulu Dong, ‘site 2’( 3.937°N, 102.032°E),  190 ma.s.l., forest near river, leaf litter,  21 Feb. 2015( B.A. Huber, A.R.M. Ghazali, K.A. Braima).   Other material   MALAYSIA: 7 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀, ZFMK( Ar 15695–96), and 1 ♂, 1 ♀, MZUM, same data as holotype;  1 juv.in absolute ethanol, ZFMK( Mal 261), same data;  2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, ZFMK( Ar 15697), Ulu Dong, ‘site 1’( 3.942°N, 102.027°E),  190 ma.s.l., forest near river, leaf litter,  20 Feb. 2015( B.A. Huber, A.R.M. Ghazali, K.A. Braima);  2 ♀♀, 1 juv., in absolute ethanol, ZFMK( Mal 250).    Description  Male( holotype) MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.7, carapace width 1.05. Leg 1: 32.4 (7.6 + 0.4 + 7.7 + 14.8 + 1.9), tibia 2: 4.3, tibia 3: 2.9, tibia 4: 4.3; tibia 1 L/d: 88. Distance PME-PME 520 µm, diameter PME 115 µm, distance PME-ALE ~35 µm; AME absent. COLOR. Carapace ochre-yellow with light brown median V-mark, clypeus light brown, ocular area not darkened; sternum ochre-yellow with slightly darker margins; legs ochre-yellow with darker brown patellae and tibia-metatarsus joints; abdomen ochre-gray with small black marks dorsally and laterally.   Figs 15–19.  Pholcus uludongHuber sp. nov.(ZFMK, Ar 15695–96). 15–16. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views; arrow points at uncus-like process of proximal bulbal sclerite. 17. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 18–19. Cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views. Scale bars: 15–16, 18–19 = 0.5 mm; 17 = 0.3 mm. BODY. Habitus as in Fig. 8; ocular area raised and each triad on long stalk ( Figs 20, 78); carapace without median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum wider than long (0.70/0.54), unmodified. ALS with one widened, one pointed, and six smaller cylindrically-shaped spigots ( Fig. 29). CHELICERAE. As in Fig. 17, with single pair of frontal proximal apophyses; without distal modification; without stridulatory ridges. PALPS. As in Figs 15–16, 22; coxa unmodified; trochanter with very long straight retrolatero-ventral apophysis and small retrolateral apophysis; femur with dorsal and ventral rounded processes; procursus very complex, proximal part with large dorsal flat process with serrated rim ( Figs 23, 27); with hinged distal elements; bulb with large appendix ( Figs 24–25), long slender embolus, and two rounded processes at base of appendix, one partly sclerotized as continuation of proximal bulbal sclerite.   Figs 20–25.  Pholcus uludongHuber sp. nov., SEM micrographs (ZFMK, Ar 15695–96). 20–21. Male and female prosomata, frontal views. 22. Right male palp, retrolateral view. 23. Right procursus and bulb, dorsal view. 24–25. Left bulb with appendix and embolus, prolateral and prolatero-dorsal views; arrow points at uncus-like process of proximal bulbal sclerite. Scale bars: 20, 22 = 300 µm; 21, 23 = 200 µm; 24–25 = 100 µm. LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs; few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 3%; prolateral trichobothrium absent on tibia 1, present on other tibiae; tarsus 1 with ~30 pseudosegments, indistinct and apparently irregular. Tarsus 4 comb-hairs as in Fig. 28.   Figs 26–31.  Pholcus uludongHuber sp. nov., SEM micrographs (ZFMK, Ar 15695–96). 26. Male ocular area, dorsal view. 27. Dorsal process of right procursus. 28. Comb-hairs on male tarsus 4. 29–30. Male and female ALS. 31. Epigynum, ventral view. Scale bars: 26, 31 = 200 µm; 27 = 60 µm; 28–30 = 20 µm.  Male(variation) Tibia 1 in9 other males: 6.3–7.8 (mean 7.1).   Female In general similar to male ( Fig. 9) but eye triads not on stalks and much closer together than in male ( Fig. 21; PME-PME distance: 195 µm); clypeus darker brown. Tibia 1 in 9 females: 5.3–5.7 (mean 5.5). Epigynum weakly sclerotized and strongly bulging plate ( Fig. 84), only posterior rim slightly more sclerotized, with small elongate ‘knob’ ( Figs 18, 31); internal genitalia with large anterior square-shaped sclerite visible through cuticle and pair of weakly sclerotized folds more laterally ( Figs 19, 85–86). ALS as in male ( Fig. 30).    Natural history All specimens were found under large dead leaves on the ground. They barely reacted to disturbance.    Distribution Known from typelocality in Malaysia only ( Fig. 1). 1639433944 forest near river, leaf litter 2015-02-21 ZFMK B. A. Huber & A. R. M. Ghazali & K. A. Braima Malaysia 190 3.937 Ulu Dong, ' site 2 ' 78 102.032 8 9 Ar 15694 1 1 Pahang holotype 1639433928 [189,781,1587,1614] forest near river, leaf litter 2015-02-21 ZFMK B. A. Huber & A. R. M. Ghazali & K. A. Braima Malaysia 190 3.937 MALAYSIA 78 102.032 8 9 Ar 15695-96 13 6 7 Pahang 1639433922 [793,1322,1587,1613] forest near river, leaf litter 2015-02-21 MZUM B. A. Huber & A. R. M. Ghazali & K. A. Braima Malaysia 190 3.937 MALAYSIA 78 102.032 8 9 Ar 15695-96 2 1 1 Pahang 1639433930 forest near river, leaf litter 2015-02-21 ZFMK B. A. Huber & A. R. M. Ghazali & K. A. Braima Malaysia 190 3.937 MALAYSIA 78 102.032 8 9 Mal 261 1 1 Pahang 1639433923 forest near river, leaf litter 2015-02-20 ZFMK B. A. Huber & A. R. M. Ghazali & K. A. Braima Malaysia 190 3.942 Ulu Dong, ' site 1 ' 78 102.027 8 9 Ar 15697 4 2 2 1639433921 [471,1078,1692,1719] forest near river, leaf litter 2015-02-20 ZFMK B. A. Huber & A. R. M. Ghazali & K. A. Braima Malaysia 190 3.942 Ulu Dong, ' site 1 ' 78 102.027 8 9 Mal 250 3 2 1