Born from rock: eight new species of Itauara Müller, 1888 (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae) from southeastern Brazil, including phylogenetic and distributional comments on the genus Alves, André Almeida Dumas, Leandro Lourenço Nessimian, Jorge Luiz Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira European Journal of Taxonomy 2023 2023-07-31 885 99 133 Alves & Dumas & Nessimian & Santos, 2023 Alves & Dumas & Nessimian & Santos 2023 [628,862,264,291] Insecta Glossosomatidae Itauara Animalia Trichoptera 15 114 Arthropoda species holzenthali sp. nov.   urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 0925210F-ADEA-45A4-9E25-CCA96BFA28F3  Fig. 6    Differential diagnosis This species belongs to the  brasilianaspecies group. Since the results of the parsimony analysis were unresolved in this group, this new species appears in a polytomy in the strict consensus tree.  Itauara holzenthali sp. nov.is similar to  I. flintiand  I. simplex Robertson & Holzenthal, 2011in the general aspect of the tergum X, but in the new species this structure has a characteristic dorsomesal process with a truncated apex in dorsal view ( Fig. 6B). In addition,  I. holzenthalican be distinguished from other species by the presence of a pair of short digitate processes between the ventrolateral processes of tergum X ( Fig. 6A, C).    Etymology This new species is named in honor of Dr Ralph W. Holzenthal, for his important contributions to the knowledge of Neotropical caddisflies.    Material examined    Holotype BRAZIL• ♂; Rio de Janeiro, Itatiaia, Penedo, Rio Palmital; 22°25′34″ S, 44°32′52″ W; alt.  637 m;  6 Mar. 2008; L.L. Dumasand J.L. Nessimianleg.; DZRJ 7642.    Paratype BRAZIL• 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; DZRJ 7643.    Description  Adult Length of each forewing 2.9–3.0 mm (n = 2). Head, thorax, and appendages, in alcohol, light brown. Forewings covered with brown setae, slightly broad after anastomosis, with anterior and posterior margins approximately parallel, apex slightly rounded; forks I, II, and III present; Sc and R1 veins not fused; fork I sessile; fork II petiolate, with stem shorter than fork; fork III petiolate, with stem longer than fork; Cu1 vein complete, reaching wing margin; Cu1 and Cu2 veins separating on anastomosis; Cu2 vein with row of erect setae; A3 vein absent; crossveins constituting relatively straight transverse line; Rs vein shorter than discoidal cell. Hind wing with margins approximately parallel, with apical portion tapered; forks II and V present; Sc and R1 veins converging very near to wing margin; A2 vein absent. Spur formula 1, 4,4, foretibial spur reduced and hairlike. Sternum VI with digitate process, with acute apex.  Male genitalia Preanal and inferior appendages absent. Segment IX dorsally narrow, broad ventrally; anterior margin rounded; posterolateral margin slightly sclerotized. Tergum X partially fused to tergum IX; dorsomesal margin produced into single process, tapering to truncate apex, in dorsal view ( Fig. 6B), and acute and downturned in lateral view ( Fig. 6A); dorsolateral margin slightly irregular, setose, without processes ( Fig. 6A–B); ventrolateral margin with paired setose processes, and medially, between ventrolateral processes, with pair of short digitate process ( Fig. 6A, C). Parameres present, paired, arising ventrobasally from fused endotheca and phallobase, sclerotized and rod-like, slender and elongate, basally with strong curvature posterad, with subapical portion slightly broader, directed dorsally, pointed apically ( Fig. 6A, C). Phallobase reduced, slightly sclerotized. Phallicata forming long, slightly sinuous, slender, sclerotized dorsal sheath extending from phallobase, with pair of basoventral processes ( Fig. 6A, C). Endophallus membranous, enlarged and convoluted, with short, pointed, ventral process near apex ( Fig. 6A, C).   Fig. 6.  Itauara holzenthali sp. nov., holotype (DZRJ 7642), male genitalia. A. Lateral view. B. Dorsal view. C. Ventral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.  Female and immatures Unknown.    Distribution  Brazil[state of Rio de Janeiro(municipality of Itatiaia)] 4167735316 2008-03-06 DZRJ L. L. Dumas & J. L. Nessimian Brazil Itatiaia 637 -22.426111 Rio Palmital 21 -44.54778 Penedo 15 114 DZRJ 7642 1 1 Rio de Janeiro holotype 4167735334 2008-03-06 DZRJ L. L. Dumas & J. L. Nessimian Brazil Itatiaia 637 -22.426111 BRAZIL 21 -44.54778 Penedo 15 114 DZRJ 7643 1 1 Rio de Janeiro paratype