Cassia absus Linnaeus (1753: 537) Grimaldia absus (Linnaeus) Link (1831: 141) Senna absus (Linnaeus) Roxburgh (1832: 340) Grimaldia opifera Schrank (1805: 187) Cassia babylonica Schrank (1805: 312) Cassia thonningii De Candolle (1825: 500) C. viscosa Vahl Senna exigua Roxburgh (1832: 339) Cassia exigua Roxburgh (1814: 31) Chamaecrista absus var. meonandra ( Irwin & Barneby 1978: 282 ) Irwin & Barneby (1982: 664) Cassia absus var. meonandra Irwin & Barneby (1978: 282) Taxonomic revision of Chamaecrista sect. Absus subsect. Absus (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae) with adjustments in the new classification Souza, Alessandro Oliveira De Cavalcante, Raphael Guarda Silva, Marcos José Da Phytotaxa 2022 2022-09-20 565 1 1 82 TJ5X (Linnaeus) Irwin & Barneby (1982: 664) Colladon (1816: 116) Irwin & Barneby 664 1982 Linnaeus 1753 [167,886,1091,1118] Magnoliopsida Fabaceae Chamaecrista Plantae Fabales 5 6 Tracheophyta species absus  ≡  Cassia absus Linnaeus (1753: 537)≡  Grimaldia absus(Linnaeus) Link (1831: 141), non (Linnaeus) Britton & Rose (1930a: 299) ≡  Senna absus(Linnaeus) Roxburgh(1832: 340).    Type:— s. loc., 1670–1677, (fl.),  Ceylons. n.( holotype BM000621504!). (Figs. 1 and 2)    =   Grimaldia opifera Schrank (1805: 187). nom. nud.   =   Cassia babylonica Schrank (1805: 312). nom nud.   =   Cassia thonningii  De Candolle (1825: 500). Type:—” in Guinea. C. viscosa Vahl! herb, non Kunth.”, s. dat., s. col., s. n. ( holotypeG-DC, isotypes S, P-JUSS14532!).   =   Senna exigua Roxburgh (1832: 339)≡  Cassia exiguaRoxburgh (1814: 31). nom nud.   =   Chamaecrista absusvar. meonandra( Irwin & Barneby 1978: 282) Irwin & Barneby (1982: 664)≡   Cassia absusvar. meonandra Irwin & Barneby (1978: 282). Type:— MEXICO. Jalisco: Tequila, 29 September 1893, (fl., fr.), C.G. Pringle 4605( holotypeNY00003618!, isotypes BM000952123!, BR0000005117703!, BR0000005118038!, G00371053!, GH00053038!, F0057448F!, K000478168!, LE, MEXU00246986!, MEXU01167196!, MICH1107177!, MO-125068!, NDG24325!, NY003618!, P02436018!, P02436017!, PUL00000268! S, UC, US00001376!) Syn. nov.  Herbs or subshrubs monocarpic, 0.1–1 mtall, erect, less frequent decumbent. Root nodules present. Branches straight or curved, yellowish-green, setose-viscous and puberulent including stipules, petiole and rachis; non-exfoliating bark. Stipules 1.3–5.5 × 0.4–1 mmlong, lanceolate.Adult leaves alternate-distichous, the distal young leaves may be spiraled, regularly distributed along the entire stem, plagiotropic; petiole 1–5 cmlong; rachis 0.4–1.3(–1.5) cm long; leaflets 2 pairs, 0.8–4.6 × 0.5–2.8 cm, the distal pair slightly larger than the proximal pair, elliptical, oboval or largely oboval, apex obtuse or rounded or rarely acute, base rounded, oblique on the distal pair, papyraceous, slightly discolored, dark green on the adaxial surface and light green on the abaxial surface, villosus on both sides, setulose-viscous on the margins and on the abaxial veins, sometimes glabrous or glabrescent; margin entire, flat or slightly revolute, ciliated or not; secondary veins 3–6 pairs, conspicuous and imprinted on both sides. Leafy appendix inter-petiolule, filiform, linguliform or triangular, deciduous in some adult leaves. Racemes 2–13(–25) cm long, sessile, 8–20(–40) flowers, erect with straight or slightly sinuous axis, congested or lax, terminal or opposite to leaves when branch grows after flowering, setulose-viscous and villosule, including pedicel, outer surface of bracts and bracteoles. Bracts 1–2.5 × 0.4– 1 mm, oval or lanceolate, persistent. Bracteoles 1–4 × 0.5–1 mm, triangular or lanceolate, deciduous on adult flowers. Buds 3.5–4.7 × 2.5–3.5 mm, ellipsoid or ovoid, apex obtuse. Flowers 5–9 × 3–5 mm; pedicel 1.5–4(–7) mm long, straight and ascending even when fruited; sepals 3–5 × 1–2.2 mm, oblong-elliptic or lanceolate, apex obtuse, setuloseviscous and puberulent, rarely glabrous, yellowish-green, with red spots externally or not; 5 flat, oboval or spatulate petals, the inner one of the same size as the others, it may be slightly falcate, but never curled and nor encircling the stamens, 4.2–7.2 × 1.5–3.5 mm, orange, red or yellow; stamens (2)3–6(7), 2–4.5 mmlong, anthers not barbulate; ovary 1.8–2.5 × 1.5 mm, and setulose-viscous on both sides or rarely glabrescent, densely villosule at sutures; style 1.3–3 mmlong, straight or slightly curved at apex, glabrous. Legumes 2–5 × 0.5–0.7 cm, linear-oblong or oblong, setuloseviscous and puberulent or only villosule and setulose along the sutures, dark brown. Seeds 5–8, 3.4–5 × 2.5–4 mm, obovoid, rhomboid or piriform, blackened.   Etymology:— “ absus” from Latin means clothing, alluding to the trichomes present throughout the plant.   Geographical distribution and habitat:—  Chamaecrista absusis the species with the largest area of occurrence of the entire genus, has a pantropical distribution and can be found in four continents: Africa, America, Asia and Oceania (Fig. 37A). In America it is reported from southern Arizonain the United Statesto Paraguay, being more frequent in Mexicoand Central American countries. In Brazilit is found as native in the coastal regions of Bahia, Cearáand Rio Grande do Nortein restingasand degraded and/or anthropized environments, or as cultivated/spontaneous in the rest of the country. In Africa it occurs in practically every continent, except in the North region, growing in savannah areas, forest edges or pasture areas. In Asia it is native to Southeast Asia, occurring in India, Malaysia, Indonesiaand Southeast China( Wang et al.2014). In Oceania it is recorded for Papua New Guineaand the northern portion of Australia. Found between 100 and 1650 maltitude. The low representation of  Ch. absusin South America led Irwin & Barneby in 1978 to consider the species as introduced in this region, as well as in other areas of the world (e.g. Madagascar) although the place of origin is still unknown. The species’ great ability to establish itself in different environments is probably due to its nodulation ability.  Chamaecrista absusexhibits a pioneer plant behavior, with rapid and annual growth and occurs frequently in environments that have been recently degraded or disturbed, which is not common in plants of the section  Absus, but quite frequent in species of the section  Chamaecrista(e.g.  Ch. nictitans( Linnaeus 1753: 380) Moench (1794: 272)and  Ch. rotundifolia( Persoon 1805: 456) Greene (1899: 31))which grow in similar environments and are capable of nodulating as well as  Ch. absus.  Flowering and fruiting:—  Chamaecrista absusis a species of annual growth with autogamous flowers, it has a very fast flowering period compared to the other species studied, and can be found with flowers and fruits at the same time all year round, flowering being more common in times of greater rainfall.   Conservation status:—The conservation of the species is given as Least Concern (LC) due to its wide distribution, for demonstrating excellent ability to colonize different environments and for being present in different environmental protection/conservation units around the world.   Taxonomic history and adjustments:—  Cassia absuswas described by Linnaeus in 1753 inSpecies Plantarum. In 1805, Schrank established the genus  Grimaldiaciting  Grimaldia opiferaas a typespecies. About 26 years later, Link (1831)combined  C. absusinto  Grimaldianaming  Grimaldia absus(Linnaeus) Link. In 1832 Roxburghin the work “Flora of the plants of India” combines  C. absusin the genus  Senna, naming  Senna absus. In 1930, Britton & Rose performed the combination of  Senna absuson the genus  Grimaldia, treating it as “  Grimaldia absus(Linnaeus) Britton & Rose”, however, this is a later homonym and should be disregarded, since the species was combined. first in  Grimaldiaby Link in 1831. In this same work Britton & Rose synonymized  Grimaldia opiferain  Grimaldia absus. In 1978, Irwin & Barneby in a revision of Cassiinaetransferred the species of the genus  Grimaldiato Cassia subgen. Lasiohegma. Due to the many unique features that  Grimaldia absushas (e.g. leaf phyllotaxis, presence of a foliate leafy appendix inter-petiolule, reduced flowers and androecium), Irwin & Barneby (l.c.) chose to consider the species in a monotypic section (=  Cassiasect. Grimaldia) while the other species belonging to the genus  Grimaldiawere allocated in the section  Absusseries Absoideae. In the samestudy, the authors described  C. absusvar. meonandrafrom Mexicoand distinguished from the typical variety by the androecium commonly with (2)3–4 stamens (vs. (2–)5– 6(7) in the typical variety). In 1978, Irwin & Barneby in a revision of Cassiinaetransferred the species of the genus  Grimaldiato  Cassiasubgen. Lasiohegma. Due to the many unique features that  G. absushas (e.g. leaf phyllotaxis, presence of a leafy appendix inter-petiolule, reduced flowers and androecium), Irwin & Barneby (l.c.) chose to consider the species in a monotypic section (=  Cassiasect. Grimaldia) while the other species belonging to the ancient genus  Grimaldiawere allocated in the series  Absoideaeof the section  Absus. This year, the authors described  C. absusvar. meonandrafrom Mexicoand distinguished from the typical variety by the androecium commonly with (2)3–4 stamens vs. (2–)5–6(7) in the typical variety. Analyzing the original works, we found that  Cassia babylonica,  Grimaldia opiferaand  Senna exiguaare nomina nuda, as they were created without description, diagnosis or indication of a reference (e.g. illustration or specimen in herbarium); and we corroborate with the synonym  Cassia thonningii(valid name) as it is just a variation of the species. Finally, analyzing collections from Central and South America, Africa, Asia and Australia, we concluded that  Ch. absusvar. meonandradoes not hold up as a distinct taxon based solely on the variation of its stamens. The androecium with 5–7 stamens seems to be the most common variation for the species, as also noted by Irwin & Barneby (1978). However, it is not difficult to find flowers with androecium with 2–4 stamens, and this condition is not unique to the populations of Mexicoas postulated by Irwin & Barneby (l.c.) when establishing the meonandravariety. Specimens from Africa and Asia have been found with flowers with the following stamen variations: 2–4, 3–5, 5–6, and 5–7. Thus, the only diagnostic feature of the meonandravariety is superimposed and continuous and must be considered a common variation of a polymorphic and widely distributed species. In view of this, we admit here  Ch. absusas a species without infraspecific categories with the synonymization of  Ch. absusvar. meonandra.  Characterization and morphological relationships:—Although it has a wide distribution and certain polymorphism,  Ch. absushas conserved diagnostic characters and is easily recognized as it is the only species in the section  Absusto have: adult leaves alternate with a filiform, lingual or triangular leafy appendix inter-petiolule; flowers conspicuously reduced ( 5–9 mmlong); androecium with (2)3–5(–7) stamens; fillets similar in size to anthers and style as short as the ovary ( 1.3–3 mmlong); in addition to the presence of root nodules. Such characters are constant in all analyzed morphotypes and together are determinant to the recognition of the species. Other relevant characteristics of the species, but not exclusive, are the sessile and terminal inflorescences or opposite the leaves; flowers short pedicelled with 5 flat petals, the inner one slightly falcate and not curled or encircling the stamens, and the color of the petals that vary from orange, red or yellow. Due to the presence of leafy appendix inter-petiolule,  Ch. absushas already been confused, allocated and described in the genus  Senna, as such structures were wrongly interpreted as convex nectaries ( Roxburgh 1832). Irwin & Barneby (1978)already mentioned the uncertainty about the origin and function of the leafy appendix of  Ch. absus. Morphologically, the flat, foliate and non-secretory structure of the appendix is more similar to stipules than nectaries. However, a deeper micromorphological analysis (ontogenetic and anatomical) is necessary to elucidate the nature of this structure in terms of its origin and function. Despite so many peculiarities,  Chamaecrista absusis vegetatively similar to the species of the subsect.  Absus, sometimes being confused in herbarium collections with  Ch. hispidulaand  Ch. fagonioides. The similarity of these taxa is attributed to the leaves always with two pairs of papyraceous or membranous leaflets with the distal pair slightly larger than the proximal pair and with an oblique base, while the proximal pair has an obtuse or rounded base in addition to similar shapes and dimensions and branches with glandular trichomes. However, the diagnostic features of  Ch. absuslisted in the preceding paragraphs make it unmistakable with any species of the genus.   Specimens examined:—  ANGOLA. Zoana, s. dat., J . Gossweiler170( K);  Huila: Chicunge,  1400m,  27 March 1962, (fl., fr.),  Teixeira& Almeida5543( L/ WAG).  AUSTRALIA. Queensland: Cook district, 4.6Km south of Bataviaon the peninsula Development Road,  19 April 1990, (fl., fr.), J.R. Clarkson& V.J. Neldner8251( L);  Rockhampton, 1864-66, (fl., fr.),  A . Dietrich1461, 2227 ( L/ WAG); The Northern Territrory: Darwin, Nightcliff, 12°22’0”S, 130°52’59”E, (fl., fr.),  R.L. Specht176 ( L).  BENIN.  03 June 1999, (fl.), V . Adjakidjeet al. 2704( K);  Antacora: Natitingou,  02 September 1998, (fl., fr.), N . Sokpon191( L/ WAG).  Borgou: Nikki, Tanakpé, 10°00’00”N, 03°27’00”E,  14 August 1998, (fr.), B . Sinsin1944( L/ WAG);  Parakou, 09°00’00”N, 02°00’00”E,  10 August 1999, (fl., fr.), A . Akoegninou2801( L/ WAG);  Zou: Dassa, 07°49’00”N, 02°20’00”E,  07 June 1998, (fl.), V . Adjakidjé1627( L/ WAG).  BOLIVIA. s. loc. ( Yungas),  20 April 1894, (fl., fr.), M . Bang2139( NY);  Milunguayensis Moro-Yungas,  December 1917, (fl.), O . Buchtien777( NY).  BOTSWANA. Ngamiland: Mwakupan at lake Ngami,  128kmS of Maun, 20°30’0”S, 22°45’0”E,  10 March 1969, (fl.), R.J. Hoogh156( L/ WAG).  BRAZIL. Bahia: Caém, ca.  1 kmda BR 324 na estrada para Caém, 11°11’00’’S, 40°25’00’’W,  440m,  22August 1993, (fl., fr.), L.P. Queiroz& N.S. Nascimento3555( HUEFS).  Ceará: Alcântaras, Serra da Meruoca,  19 May 1977, (fr.), A . Fernandess. n. ( EAC3212, NY959821);  Fortaleza, Campus Esc. Agronomia,  07 May 1973, (fl.), A . Fernandess. n.( EAC2300);  ib., Campus do Pici,  12 June 1974, (fl., fr.), A. G. Fernandess. n.(NY959820);  ib.,  05 June 1986, (fl., fr.), E . Nuness. n. ( EAC14661);  Meruoca, Serra da Meruoca, Sítio São Jerônimo,  16 July 1957, (fr.), A . Fernandess. n. ( EAC1733);  ib., sítio Santo Antônio,  05 June 1961, (fr.), A . Fernandess. n. EAC2104);  Santa Quitéria, próximo a Serra do Quati,  07 June 1984, (fl., fr.), A . Fernandeset al.s. n. ( EAC12704, NY959818);  Sobral, Fazenda Macapá,  24 May 1976, (fl.), A . Fernandess. n. ( EAC2775, NY959819);  ib., BR-  222 km9, Sobral-Fortaleza,  13 June 1979, (fl., fr.), L . Coradinet al. 1921( CEN, NY).  Mato Grosso do Sul: Miranda,  17 March 2003, (fl., fr.), G.G. Hatschbach74839( K).  Minas Gerais: Bambuí,  11 April 2001, (fl., fr.),  J. F. Macedo3985( PAMG);  Belo Horizonte, Serra do Curral,  25 April 1991, (fr.),  Pio151( PAMG).  Rio Grande do Norte, Jucurutu, RPPN Stoessel de Brito,  01 June 2008, (fl., fr.),  A. A. Roque583( UFRN);  Serra Negra do Norte, Estação Ecológica do Seridó( ESEC), 06°34’04’’S, 37°15’20’’W,  02 May 2005, (fl.),  R. T. Queiroz296( UFRN);  Serrinha dos Pintos, Sítio Serrinha do Canto,  17 April 2005, (fl.),  R. T. Queiroz& F. R. Queiroz322( UFRN);  ib., 06°10’05’’S, 37°57’27’’W,  305m,  21 June 2006, (fl.),  R. T. Queiroz1023( UFRN).  BURKINA FASO. Bobo-Dioulasso:  10kmE. of Bobo-Dioulasso, 11°10’00”N, 04°11’00”W,  17 October 1967, (fl., fr.),  C. Geerling& J. Bokdam1303( L/ WAG).  BURUNDI. Bubanza: ferme de Randa,  11 February 1967, (fl., fr.),  M. Reekmans4772( L/ WAG).  Bujumbura: plaine Rusizikm: I0, jachere sur sables, 03°19’00”S, 29°19’00”E,  20 March 1979, (fr.),  M. Reekmans7714( L/ WAG).  Bururi: Resha prov. Bururi, 03°53’00”S, 29°23’00”E,  19 January 1980, fl. (fr.),  M. Reekmans8567( L/ WAG). CAMEROOM. North Region; près Sangbe, (  50kmSSW de Tibati), feuille IGN 1/200.000 Tibati,  18 September 1963, (fl., fr.),  R. G. Letouzey5808( L/ WAG).  CHAD. Baguirmiet région Du Lac Fittri Kolkeliet Moïte, 12°37’0”N, 16°37’0”E,  06 September 1903, (fr.),  A. J. B. Chevalier9769( L).  CHINA. Hainan: Lingshui Xian, Xincun Zhen, Jiusuo Shan, on grassland,  50 m,  21 February 2013, (fl., fr.),  Q. L. Wang476( ATCH).  COLOMBIA. Cauca: Patía, Granja de la Universidadde Nariño,  10 November 1986, (fl.),  O. Salazar de Benavides7250( NY).  CÔTE D’IVOIRE. Adiopodoumé,  03 November 1954, (fl., fr.),  J. F. Lelieveld5( L/ WAG);  Bavé, W. of Bavé,  5 kmE. of Comoe River, 09°37’00”N, 04°16’00”W,  04 August 1967, (fl., fr.),  G. J. Amshoff470( L/ WAG);  Dabou, E. of Dabou, 05°20’00”N 04°22’00”W,  30 August 1967, (fl., fr.),  C. Geerlin& J. Bokdam791( L/ WAG);  Ouangofetini,  10 kmE. of Ouangofetini, 09°37’00”N, 03°58’00”W,  21 June 1968, (fl., fr.),  C. Geerling& J. Bokdam2907( L/ WAG);  Seye, SW of Seye, 09°24’00”S, 03°26’00”W,  01 July 1967, (fl., fr.),  G. J. Amshoff1972( L/ WAG).  COSTA RICA. s. loc. Sommelsdes collines de Nicoya,  December 1899, (fl., fr.),  J. F. A. Tonduz13571( NY).  CURAÇAO. Near Carmabi Experimental Station, s. dat., (fl.),  P. A. W. J. Wilde102( L).  DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO. Dungu, Paronat. De la Geramba,  March 1951, (fl.), D. Saeger1113 ( L/ WAG);  Kasenga, Haut-Shaba, vallés du Luapula, près du village Tanganika, Prèsde la chute Mufunfu,  12 March 1971, (fr.),  U. A. M. Druk445/30( L/ WAG);  Léopoldville, Madimba, Kisantu,  24 February 1949, (fr.),  Calles2037( L/ WAG);  Mbanza-Ngungu, Kibulu,  05 February 1979, (fl., fr.),  L. Pauwels6156( L/ WAG);  Ndjili, Ndjiliterr. Ngafula,  25 March 1976, (fr.),  L. Pauwels5533( L/ WAG).  ECUADOR. Guayas: Guayaquil, Cerro Santa Ana,  24 March 1955, (fl., fr.),  E. Asplund15884( NY);  Isla Puná, Puná Nuevato Concorida, 02°44’00”S, 79°55’00”W,  05 July 1987, (fl., fr.),  J. E. Madsen63579( NY).  ETHIOPIA. s. loc. 1837, (fr.),  Kotschy460( K). Tigray: Adwa,  20 kmalong road Adwato Asmara, 14°19’00”N, 38°52’00”E,  1650m,  12 September 1970, (fl., fr.),  J. J. F. E. De Wilde7110( L/ WAG).  GABON. Nyanga; Monts Doudou, au Sud-Ouestdu village Moukoualou, qui se trouve à  6kmSud de Mourindi( Brigade de Faune de Moukalaba), 2°36’0”S, 10°46’0”E,  21 March 2000, (fl., fr.),  J. M. Moussavou881( L/ WAG).  GHANA. path between Pepeaseand Nkwantanang, Kowahu district,  14 April 1954, (fl., fr.),  J. K. A. Morton775( L/ WAG);  between Adidome and Ho, 2/3 of the way,  10 May 1956, (fl.),  J. K. A. Morton2056( L/ WAG).  GRENADA. s. loc., Lowcher-Tempéroad, near the Boramie Station,  11 December 1904, (fl., fr.),  W. E. Broadway1745( NY).  GUATEMALA. Chiquimula: Vicinity of Ataluapa,  11 December 1969, (fl., fr.),  A. M. Rositto25380( NY).  Guatemala: along river Villalobos,  12 January 1966, (fr.),  A. M. Rositto16052( NY).  GUINEA. Boffa; près de Tugnifily,  06 February 1979, (fl., fr.),  S. Lisowski51420( L/ WAG).  GUINEA-BISSAU. Pessubé,  11 December 1937, (fl., fr.),  J. V. G. Espirito Santo1078( LQWAG).  INDIA. Monghyr, s. dat., (fl.), s. col. ( K001120513);  Himachal Pradesh: pineforest  7 kmto Bharwain,  11 October 1977, (fl.),  L. J.G. van der Maesen2869( L/ WAG);  Dehradun, 4,  5 kmto Sahabradhara,  16 October 1977, (fr.),  L. J.G. van der Maesen2986( L/ WAG);  Madhya Pradesh: Chhindwara,  27 September 1979, (fr.),  P. Remanandan4288( L/ WAG).  Surguja: Khuri,  12 October 1947, (fr.),  W. N. Koelz19258( L);  Uttar Pradesh: Allahabad,  09 October 1978, fl. (fr.),  Bumisra813( L);  Majhola( Pilibhit),  23 September 1972, (fl.),  C. L. Malhotra50995( L).  Uttarakhand: Dehra Dun, Rispana,  08 August 1934, (fl.),  C. R. Babu33302( L).  INDONESIA. Ned. Indie. Semongkrong,  01 November 1921, (fl., fr.),  J. Jeswiet1057( L/ WAG);  Java: Timur, Baluran,  01 March 1950, (fl.),  F. W. Rappard137( L/ WAG);  Lesser sunda islands: Island Bali( North), Pura Pulaki,  31 March 1964, (fl., fr.),  A. Dilmy1042( L).  JAMAICA. s. loc., Kings House Grounds,  25 November 1897, (fr.),  W. H. Harris6707( NY).  Saint Andrew: Eastof the Cane Riverabove coastal highway bridge,  25 October 1964, (fl., fr.),  G. R. Proctor25597( NY).  KENYA. 4/7 Kora Game Reserve, Tana River District,  07 December 1984, (fl.),  G. M. Mungai84/274( L/ WAG).  MALAWI. Shire Highlands, Zambesia, s. dat.,  Buchan363( K).  Rumphi: Rumphi, Chelinda river  3000ft.,  04 May 1974, (fr.),  J. Pawek8601( L/ WAG);  Binga, Manzituba Marsh, Chizarira Game Reserve,  25 February 1972, (fl., fr.),  P. J. Thomson549( L/ WAG).  MALAYSIA. Penang: Tanjong Bunga, Seashorebelow Sandycroft Soldiers’ Leave Home,  31 October 1951, (fl.),  J. Sincalir39389( L).  MEXICO. Baja California Sur: La Paz, Los Limpios, Sierra La Laguna, al E de Todos Santos, BCS,  18 October 1985, (fl., fr.),  P. Tenorio L. 10617( NY);  Chiapas:  20 kmal S de Ocozocuautla, camino a Villa Flores, en el Cerro Brujo,  25 October 1985, (fr.),  E. M. M. Salas14310( NY);  Coahiula: Artega, a  7 kmal Nde Arteaga, camino a Nueva Italia,  19 November 1983, (fr.),  E. Martínez S. & F. Barrie5398( MEXU, XAL);  Jalisco: Faldadel cerro El Huehuentan, Nacastillo, Jal,  03 November 1978, (fl., fr.),  J. A. S. Magallanes1205( NY);  Guadalajara: Río Caliente, La Primavera, Zapopan, Jal,  01 August 1967, (fl.),  C. L. Díaz Luna328( NY);  Hostotipaquillo:  2 miW of Barranquitos, ca.  10 miE of Plan de Barrancas, on road to Tequila,  23 August 1957, (fl.),  H. S. Irwin1273( NY);  La Huerta, Ca.  8 miSW of La Resolana, road to La Huerta,  16 November 1960, (fr.),  R. McVaugh21109( NY);  Tala, a largo del Arroyoque parte del Ranchoem Bosque Escuela, hasta el Arroyo Caliente, La Primavera,  15 October 1988, (fr.),  A. Rodriguez C. & J. J. Reynoso D.1585( XAL);  Tequila,  July 1886, (fl., fr.),  E. Palmer412( NY).  Michoacán de Ocampo: Huétamo, En Las Trincheras,  12 kmal Nde Huétamo,  24 October 1984, (fr.),  J. C. S. Núñez6666( NY);  La Huacana, a  6 kmal SW de La Huacana,  27 October 1981, (fl., fr.),  J. C. S. Núñez3566( XAL);  Nocupétaro,  7 kmal N de Nocupétaro, carr. a Villa Madero,  29 September 1982, (fl., fr.),  J. C. S. Nuñez4649( NY);  Morelos: Emiliano Zapata, Cerro Gordo, Mpio. Dos Ríos,  14 October 1970, (fl.),  F. Ventura A. 2610( NY);  Nayarit: Km31,  4-5 m Nof Compostela, Nay,  22 September 1960, (fl., fr.),  R. McVaugh19361( NY).  Sinaloa: Mazatlán,  01 January 1895, (fl., fr.),  F. H. Lamb375 ( NY);  Sinaloa, Quebrado de Manzana, Sierra Surotato,  10 September 1941, (fl., fr.),  H. S. Gentry6536( NY).  Sonora: Imuris,  17.1 kmnortheast of Imurison MEX 2,  09 September 2002, (fl., fr.),  S. C. Doan1205( NY);  Yecora. Arroyo Hondo,  11.5 kmE of El Kipor,  4 kmW of Chihuahuaborder on Mex.16, 28°26’30”N, 108°32’30”W,  11 September 1996, (fl., fr.),  T. R. Van Devender96-613( NY).  Veracruz: Actopan, Trapiche,  06 October 1971, (fl., fr.),  F. Ventura A. 4361( XAL);  Coatepec,  4 kmal este de Tuzamapan,  02 November 1975, (fr.),  M. Moraleset al. 15( XAL);  Cosamaloapan, Ciudad Alemán,  16 November 1968, (fl., fr.),  G. M. Calderon1159( NY);  Dos Rios, Corral Falso,  03 October 1974, (fl., fr.),  A. Delgado1978( XAL);  Zacualpan, Corralde las Piedras,  October 1906, (fl., fr.),  C. A. Purpus2339( NY).  MOZAMBIQUE. Lourenco Marqueen Forto Menrique, andados ca. 1,  5 mpara a Bela Vista,  25 March 1975, (fl., fr.),  A. Marques2673( L/ WAG).  NAMIBIA. Caprivi; near Ngoma, 17°52’59”S, 24°43’0”E,  10 February 1988, (fl.),  G. L. Maggs199( L/ WAG).  NETHERLANDS ANTILLES. Bonaire, 1909, (fl., fr.),  I. Boldingh7303( NY).  NIGERIA. s. loc., Idah[ Zuoora],  November 1841, (fl., fr.),   Vogel13( K).  Adamawa: Yola, government reservation on Jimeta-Yola Road,  23 October 1971, (fr.),  M. G. Latilo63475( L/ WAG).  PAPUA NEW GUINEA.  10 June 1928, (fr.),  J. Jeswiet80( L/ WAG);  Central District: New Guinea; bulogo Creekc.  18 milesN. of Portoresby,  11 April 1967, (fl., fr.),  R. Pullen6665( L).  PARAGUAY. Assunção,  05 May 1889, fl.  T. Morong700( NY);  Cordillera:  5 kmSE of Emboscada.“ Isla Alta”, 25°08’00”S, 57°15’00”W,  26 May 1990, (fr.),  E. M. Zardini20648, 20737( NY).  PERU. Lambayeque: Portachuelo de Olmos,  01 June 1972, (fl., fr.),  E. C. Valenzuela5209( NY);  Piura: Província Chulucanas, Cerro Vicus,  52 kmde la carretera Piura-Morropon,  24 May 1992, (fl.),  I. M. S. Veja6206( NY).  RWANDA. Kibungu, plain Kilali,  03 February 1958, (fl., fr.),  G. M.D.J. Troupin5904( L/ WAG).  SENEGAL. Kolda; Diaroume,  13 October 1961, (fl., fr.),  J. G. Adam18419( L/ WAG).  SIERRA LEONE. between Mussaiaand Kabala N. P.,  27 November 1965, (fr.),  J. K. Morton2869( L/ WAG).  SOUTH AFRICA. Waterberg Dist.  6m. E. Hermanusdoorns: Gravellyloam soil in Mogol River Valley,  13 March 1946, (fl., fr.),  L. E. W. Codd1000( L/ WAG);  RegioTVL.  8 milesfrom Nylstroomon road to Naboomspruitat bridge over a branch of the Nyl river,  15 March 1971, (fl., fr.),  L. A. Coetzer18( L/ WAG).  SRI LANKA. Hambantota: Hambantota, Ruhuna National Park, Block I Karaugaswala,  17 January 1969, (fl., fr.),  N. Wirawan810( L).  TANZANIA. Dodoma, Ikowareservoir, 06°12’00”S, 36°14’00”E,  980m,  21 February 1975, (fl.),  I. Backéus1141( L/ WAG);  Morogoro, Mikumi National Park, 07°15’00”S, 37°10’00”E,  14 April 1984, (fl., fr.),  G. Nevers& S. Charnley3281( L/ WAG).  UGANDA: North Buganda; Mukono, Kyagwe, Bule-Buyaga.VR-65-30, 0°16’59”S, 32°42’0”E,  20 March 1992, (fr.),  P. K. Rwaburindore3378( L/ WAG).  UNITED STATES. Arizona: Montezuma, Pima Co. Northside of Montezuma Bluff, Baboquivari Canyon, Baboquivari Mts.,  28 September 1931, (fl., fr.),  M. F. Gilman B 234( NY).  VENEZUELA. Distrito Capital: Caracas, Around Caracas. Sabana Grande,  11 December 1921, (fr.),  H. F. Pittier9927( NY).  ZAMBIA. Lusaka: Chalimbana Research Station; Lusaka E.  21km,  27 January 1993, (fl., fr.),  M. G. Bingham8807( L/ WAG);  Namwala: Kafue National Park. Musa river,  1 milefrom Musa-Kafve,  22 March 1964, (fr.),  B. L. Mitchell25/7( L/ WAG).  ZIMBABWE. Makuti, ( Top of Escarpment),  22 February 1985, (fl.),  R.D.A. Bayliss10206( L/ WAG) . [281,1269,1163,1190] BM Sri Lanka Type 5 6 BM000621504 1 holotype [327,567,1275,1297] S Guinea-Bissau Type 5 6 1 holotype [477,1034,1310,1337] K Gossweiler Angola 9 12 Zoana 9 10 1 1962-03-27 L, WAG Teixeira & Almeida 1400 9 12 Chicunge Huila 9 10 1 1990-04-19 L Clarkson & Neldner Australia 9 12 Batavia Cook district 9 10 1 Queensland L, WAG A. Dietrich 9 12 Rockhampton 9 10 1 L R. L. Specht Northern Territrory 9 12 -12.366667 Nightcliff 21 130.88306 Darwin 9 10 1 [656,1327,1454,1481] 1999-06-03 K Adjakidje Benin 9 12 BENIN 9 10 1 1998-09-02 L, WAG Sokpon 9 12 Natitingou Antacora 9 10 1 1998-08-14 L, WAG Sinsin 9 12 10.0 Tanakpe 21 3.45 Nikki 9 10 1 Borgou 1999-08-10 L, WAG Akoegninou 9 12 9.0 Parakou 21 2.0 Parakou 9 10 1 [464,1449,1562,1589] 1998-06-07 L, WAG Adjakidje 9 12 7.8166666 Dassa 21 2.3333333 Dassa 9 10 1 Zou [136,966,1598,1625] 1894-04-20 NY Bang Bolivia 9 12 Yungas 9 10 1 1917-12 NY Buchtien 9 12 Milunguayensis Moro-Yungas Milunguayensis Moro-Yungas 9 10 1 1969-03-10 L, WAG Hoogh Botswana 9 12 -20.5 Maun 21 22.75 lake Ngami 9 10 1 Ngamiland 1993-08-22 HUEFS Queiroz & Nascimento Brazil 440 9 12 -11.183333 Caem 21 -40.416668 Caem 9 10 1 Bahia [136,1325,1742,1769] 1977-05-19 EAC Fernandes Alcantaras 9 12 Serra da Meruoca Serra da Meruoca 9 10 EAC3212 1 Ceara 1973-05-07 EAC Fernandes 9 12 Campus Esc. Agronomia Fortaleza 9 10 EAC2300 1 1974-06-12 Fernandes 9 12 Campus do Pici Campus do Pici 9 10 1 [593,1227,1814,1841] 1986-06-05 EAC Nunes 9 12 9 10 EAC14661 1 1957-07-16 EAC Fernandes 9 12 Serra da Meruoca Meruoca 9 10 EAC1733 1 1961-06-05 EAC Fernandes 9 12 Santo Antonio 9 10 EAC2104 1 1984-06-07 EAC, NY Fernandes 9 12 Serra do Quati Santa Quiteria 9 10 EAC12704, NY959818 1 1976-05-24 EAC, NY Fernandes 9 12 Fazenda Macapa Sobral 9 10 EAC2775, NY959819 1 [287,1379,1958,1985] 1979-06-13 CEN, NY Coradin 9 12 Sobral-Fortaleza Sobral-Fortaleza 9 10 1 2003-03-17 K Hatschbach 9 12 Miranda Miranda 9 10 1 Mato Grosso do Sul 2001-04-11 J, F, PAMG Macedo 9 12 Bambui 9 10 1 Minas Gerais [565,1389,2030,2057] 1991-04-25 PAMG Pio 9 12 Serra do Curral Belo Horizonte 9 10 1 2008-06-01 RPPN, A, UFRN Jucurutu & Roque 9 12 Stoessel de Brito 9 10 1 Rio Grande do Norte 2005-05-02 ESEC, R, T, UFRN Queiroz 10 12 -6.5677776 Estacao Ecologica do Serido 21 -37.255554 Estacao Ecologica do Serido 9 10 1 Serra Negra do Norte [136,1401,194,221] 2005-04-17 R, T, F, UFRN Serrinha dos Pintos & Queiroz 10 12 Sitio Serrinha do Canto 10 10 1 2006-06-21 R, T, UFRN Queiroz 305 10 12 -6.1680555 21 -37.9575 10 10 1 1967-10-17 C, J, L, WAG Bobo-Dioulasso & Geerling & Bokdam Burkina Faso 10 12 11.166667 BURKINA FASO 21 -4.1833334 10 10 1 [255,1310,302,329] 1967-02-11 M, L, WAG Randa & Reekmans Burundi 10 12 Bubanza 10 10 1 Bubanza 1979-03-20 I, M, L, WAG Rusizi & Reekmans 10 12 -3.3166666 Bujumbura 21 29.316668 10 10 1 Bujumbura [136,1449,374,401] 1980-01-19 M, L, WAG Reekmans 10 12 -3.8833332 Resha prov. 21 29.383333 Resha prov. 10 10 1 Bururi 1963-09-18 R, G, L, WAG Letouzey North Region 10 12 Tibati Sangbe 10 10 IGN 1 1 1903-09-06 A, J, B, L Baguirmi & Du & Fittri Kolkeli & Moite & Chevalier Chad 10 12 12.616667 Lac 21 16.616667 10 10 1 Lac 2013-02-21 Q, L, ATCH Lingshui Xian & Xincun Zhen & Jiusuo Shan & Wang China 50 10 12 Hainan 10 10 1 Hainan 1986-11-10 O, NY Patia & Granja de la Universidad Colombia 10 12 Salazar de Benavides 10 10 1 Cauca 1954-11-03 J, F, L, WAG Adiopodoume & Lelieveld Ivory Coast 10 12 COTE D'IVOIRE 10 10 1 1967-08-04 W, G, J, L, WAG Bave & River & Amshoff 10 12 9.616667 Bave 21 -4.266667 10 10 1 Comoe 1967-08-30 E, C, J, L, WAG Dabou & Geerlin & Bokdam 10 12 5.3333335 Dabou 21 -4.366667 Dabou 10 10 1 1968-06-21 C, J, L, WAG Ouangofetini & Geerling & Bokdam 10 12 9.616667 Ouangofetini 21 -3.9666667 Ouangofetini 10 10 1 1967-07-01 G, J, L, WAG Amshoff 10 12 -9.4 Seye 21 -3.4333334 Seye 10 10 1 1899-12 J, F, A, NY Sommels & Nicoya & Tonduz Costa Rica 10 12 COSTA RICA 10 10 1 P, A, W, J, L Wilde Curaçao 10 12 Near Carmabi Experimental Station Near Carmabi Experimental Station 10 10 1 1951-03 L, WAG Dungu & Paro & D. Saeger Democratic Republic of the Congo 10 12 De la Geramba 10 10 1 1971-03-12 U, A, M, L, WAG du Luapula & Druk 10 12 Haut-Shaba Kasenga 10 10 1 1949-02-24 L, WAG Kisantu Leopoldville 10 12 Calles Madimba 10 10 1 1979-02-05 L, WAG Pauwels 10 12 Kibulu Mbanza-Ngungu 10 10 1 [427,1298,950,977] 1976-03-25 L, WAG Pauwels Ndjili 10 12 Ngafula Ndjili 10 10 1 1955-03-24 E, NY Guayaquil & Cerro Santa Ana & Asplund Ecuador 10 12 Guayas 10 10 1 Guayas 1987-07-05 J, E, NY Concorida & Madsen 10 12 -2.7333333 Puna Nueva 21 -79.916664 Isla Puna 10 10 1 1970-09-12 K, J, F, E, L, WAG Kotschy & Adwa & Asmara & De Wilde Ethiopia 1650 10 12 14.316667 Adwa 21 38.866665 Adwa 10 10 1 Tigray 2000-03-21 J, M, L, WAG Monts Doudou & Sud-Ouest & Moukoualou & Moussavou Gabon 10 12 -2.6 Brigade de Faune de Moukalaba 21 10.766666 10 10 1 Nyanga 1954-04-14 J, K, A, L, WAG Morton Ghana Pepease 10 12 Kowahu district Nkwantanang 10 10 1 1956-05-10 J, K, A, L, WAG Morton 10 12 between Adidome and Ho between Adidome and Ho 10 10 1 1904-12-11 W, E, NY Lowcher-Tempe & Broadway Grenada 10 12 Boramie Station 10 10 1 1969-12-11 A, M, NY Rositto Guatemala 10 12 Vicinity of Ataluapa Vicinity of Ataluapa 10 10 1 Chiquimula [491,1447,1310,1337] 1966-01-12 A, M, NY Rositto 10 12 river Villalobos river Villalobos 10 10 1 Guatemala [136,1215,1346,1373] 1979-02-06 S, L, WAG Boffa & Tugnifily & Lisowski Guinea-Bissau 10 12 GUINEA 10 10 1 1937-12-11 J, V, G, LQWAG Pessube & Espirito Santo Guinea-Bissau 10 12 GUINEA-BISSAU 10 10 1 K Monghyr India 10 12 INDIA 10 10 K001120513 1 1977-10-11 L, J, WAG Bharwain & Maesen 10 12 Himachal Pradesh 10 10 1 Himachal Pradesh [258,1349,1454,1481] 1977-10-16 L, J, WAG Maesen 10 12 Sahabradhara Dehradun 10 10 1 1979-09-27 P, L, WAG Remanandan 10 12 Chhindwara Chhindwara 10 10 1 Madhya Pradesh 1947-10-12 W, N, L Koelz 10 12 Khuri Surguja 10 10 1 [453,1230,1526,1553] 1978-10-09 L Allahabad & Bumisra 10 12 Uttar Pradesh 10 10 1 Uttar Pradesh 1972-09-23 C, L Pilibhit & Malhotra 10 12 Majhola Majhola 10 10 1 1934-08-08 C, R, L Dehra Dun & Rispana & Babu 10 12 Uttarakhand 10 10 1 Uttarakhand [336,1448,1598,1624] 1921-11-01 J, L, WAG Ned. Indie. Semongkrong & Jeswiet Indonesia 10 12 INDONESIA 10 10 1 [136,965,1634,1661] 1950-03-01 F, W, L, WAG Baluran & Rappard 10 12 Timur Timur 10 10 1 Java 1964-03-31 A, L Pura Pulaki & Dilmy 10 12 North Island 10 10 1 Lesser sunda islands 1897-11-25 W, H, NY Kings House Grounds & Harris Jamaica 10 12 JAMAICA 10 10 1 1964-10-25 G, R, NY East & Proctor 10 12 Cane River 10 10 1 Saint Andrew 1984-12-07 G, M, L, WAG Mungai Kenya 10 12 Kora Game Reserve 10 10 1 Tana River District [547,1242,1778,1805] K Shire Highlands & Zambesia & Buchan Malawi 10 12 MALAWI 10 10 1 1974-05-04 J, L, WAG Pawek 914 10 12 Chelinda river 10 10 1 Rumphi 1972-02-25 P, J, L, WAG Thomson Binga 10 12 Chizarira Game Reserve Manzituba Marsh 10 10 1 1951-10-31 J, L Tanjong Bunga & Seashore & Sandycroft Soldiers' Leave Home & Sincalir Malaysia 10 12 Penang 10 10 1 Penang 1985-10-18 P, L, NY Tenorio Mexico 10 12 Paz La 10 10 1 Baja California Sur 1985-10-25 E, M, NY Villa Flores & Cerro Brujo & Salas 10 12 S de Ocozocuautla S de Ocozocuautla 10 10 1 Chiapas 1983-11-19 N, E, S, F, MEXU, XAL Artega & Martinez & Barrie Coahiula 10 12 Nueva Italia Arteaga 10 10 1 1978-11-03 J, A, S, NY El Huehuentan & Nacastillo & Jal & Magallanes 10 12 Falda Falda 10 10 1 Jalisco 1967-08-01 C, L, NY La Primavera & Zapopan & Jal & Diaz Luna 11 12 Rio Caliente Guadalajara 10 10 1 1957-08-23 H, S, NY Hostotipaquillo & Tequila & Irwin 11 12 Barranquitos 11 10 1 1960-11-16 R, NY La Huerta & McVaugh 11 12 La 11 10 1 1988-10-15 A, C, J, XAL Bosque Escuela & el Arroyo Caliente & La Primavera & Rodriguez & Reynoso D. Tala 11 12 Rancho Arroyo 11 10 1 [136,679,302,328] 1886-07 E, NY Palmer 11 12 Tequila 11 10 1 1984-10-24 N, J, C, S, NY En Las Trincheras & Nunez 11 12 Huetamo Huetamo 11 10 1 Michoacan de Ocampo 1981-10-27 J, C, S, XAL Nunez 11 12 La Huacana 11 10 1 1982-09-29 J, C, S, NY Villa Madero & Nunez 11 12 Nocupetaro Nocupetaro 11 10 1 1970-10-14 F, A, NY Mpio. Dos Rios & Ventura 11 12 Cerro Gordo Emiliano Zapata 11 10 1 Morelos 1960-09-22 N, R, NY Km & McVaugh 5 11 12 Nay Compostela 11 10 1 Nayarit [292,1069,482,509] 1895-01-01 F, H, NY Mazatlan & Lamb 11 12 Sinaloa 11 10 1 Sinaloa 1941-09-10 H, S, NY Sierra Surotato & Gentry 11 12 Quebrado de Manzana Quebrado de Manzana 11 10 1 Sinaloa 2002-09-09 S, C, NY Doan 11 12 Imuris Imuris 11 10 MEX 2 1 Sonora 1996-09-11 T, R, NY Yecora. Arroyo Hondo & Van Devender 11 12 28.441666 Mex. 20 -108.541664 El Kipor 11 10 1 [210,1148,626,653] 1971-10-06 F, A, XAL Trapiche & Ventura 11 12 Actopan Actopan 11 10 1 Veracruz 1975-11-02 M, XAL de Tuzamapan & Morales 11 12 Coatepec Coatepec 11 10 1 1968-11-16 G, M, NY Ciudad Aleman & Calderon 11 12 Cosamaloapan Cosamaloapan 11 10 1 [608,1447,698,725] 1974-10-03 A, XAL Dos Rios & Delgado 11 12 Corral Falso 11 10 1 [136,1115,734,761] 1906-10 C, A, NY Corral & Piedras & Purpus 11 12 Zacualpan Zacualpan 11 10 1 1975-03-25 A, L, WAG Lourenco Marqueen Forto Menrique & Bela Vista & Marques Mozambique 5 11 12 MOZAMBIQUE 11 10 1 [136,1449,806,833] 1988-02-10 G, L, WAG Ngoma & Maggs Namibia 11 12 -17.883055 Caprivi 21 24.716667 11 10 1 Caprivi [136,1050,842,868] I, NY Bonaire & Boldingh Curaçao 11 12 NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 11 10 1 1841-11 K Idah & Zuoora & Vogel Nigeria 11 12 NIGERIA 11 10 1 1971-10-23 M, G, L, WAG Yola & Jimeta-Yola Road & Latilo 11 12 Adamawa 11 10 1 Adamawa [596,1359,914,941] 1928-06-10 J, L, WAG Jeswiet Papua New Guinea 11 12 PAPUA NEW GUINEA 11 10 1 1967-04-11 R, L Creek & Port & Pullen 11 12 New Guinea New Guinea 11 10 1 Central District [136,880,986,1013] 1889-05-05 T, NY Morong Paraguay 11 12 Assuncao 11 10 1 Assuncao 1990-05-26 E, M, NY Zardini 11 12 -25.133333 Isla Alta 21 -57.25 5 km SE of Emboscada. 11 10 1 Cordillera 1972-06-01 E, C, NY Valenzuela Peru 11 12 Portachuelo de Olmos Portachuelo de Olmos 11 10 1 Lambayeque 1992-05-24 I, M, S, NY Provincia Chulucanas & Cerro Vicus & Piura-Morropon & Veja 11 12 Piura 11 10 1 Piura 1958-02-03 G, M, L, WAG Kibungu & Kilali & Troupin Rwanda 11 12 RWANDA 11 10 1 1961-10-13 J, G, L, WAG Diaroume & Adam Senegal 11 12 Kolda 11 10 1 Kolda 1965-11-27 N, P, J, K, L, WAG Morton Sierra Leone 11 12 Kabala Mussaia 11 10 1 1946-03-13 E, L, W, WAG Hermanusdoorns & Gravelly & Codd South Africa 11 12 Mogol River Valley Waterberg Dist. 11 10 6 1971-03-15 L, A, WAG Coetzer Regio 11 12 Naboomspruit Nylstroom 11 10 1 1969-01-17 I, N, L Hambantota & Block & Karaugaswala & Wirawan Sri Lanka 11 12 Ruhuna National Park 11 10 1 1975-02-21 I, L, WAG Ikowa & Backeus Tanzania 980 11 12 -6.2 Dodoma 21 36.233334 11 10 1 Dodoma 1984-04-14 G, S, L, WAG Nevers & Charnley 11 12 -7.25 Mikumi National Park 21 37.166668 Mikumi National Park 11 10 1 Morogoro 1992-03-20 P, K, L, WAG Kyagwe & Bule-Buyaga. & Rwaburindore Uganda 11 12 -0.28305557 North Buganda 21 32.7 North Buganda 11 10 1 Mukono 1931-09-28 M, F, NY Montezuma & Pima Co. North & Montezuma Bluff & Baboquivari Canyon & Gilman United States of America 11 12 Baboquivari Mts. 11 10 B 234 1 Arizona 1921-12-11 H, F, NY Caracas & Around Caracas. Sabana Grande & Pittier Venezuela 11 12 Distrito Capital 11 10 1 Distrito Capital 1993-01-27 E, M, G, L, WAG Bingham Zambia 11 12 Chalimbana Research Station Chalimbana Research Station 11 10 1 Lusaka 1964-03-22 B, L, WAG Musa-Kafve & Mitchell 11 12 Kafue National Park. Musa river Namwala 11 10 1 1985-02-22 R, L, WAG Makuti & Bayliss Zimbabwe 11 12 Top of Escarpment 11 10 1