Cassia absus Linnaeus (1753: 537)
Grimaldia absus (Linnaeus) Link (1831: 141)
Senna absus (Linnaeus) Roxburgh (1832: 340)
Grimaldia opifera Schrank (1805: 187)
Cassia babylonica Schrank (1805: 312)
Cassia thonningii De Candolle (1825: 500)
C. viscosa Vahl
Senna exigua Roxburgh (1832: 339)
Cassia exigua Roxburgh (1814: 31)
Chamaecrista absus var. meonandra ( Irwin & Barneby 1978: 282 ) Irwin & Barneby (1982: 664)
Cassia absus var. meonandra Irwin & Barneby (1978: 282)
Taxonomic revision of Chamaecrista sect. Absus subsect. Absus (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae) with adjustments in the new classification
Souza, Alessandro Oliveira De
Cavalcante, Raphael Guarda
Silva, Marcos José Da
Phytotaxa
2022
2022-09-20
565
1
1
82
TJ5X
(Linnaeus) Irwin & Barneby (1982: 664)
Colladon (1816: 116) Irwin & Barneby
664
1982
Linnaeus
1753
[167,886,1091,1118]
Magnoliopsida
Fabaceae
Chamaecrista
Plantae
Fabales
5
6
Tracheophyta
species
absus
≡ Cassia absus Linnaeus (1753: 537)≡ Grimaldia absus(Linnaeus) Link (1831: 141), non (Linnaeus) Britton & Rose (1930a: 299) ≡ Senna absus(Linnaeus) Roxburgh(1832: 340).
Type:— s. loc., 1670–1677, (fl.), Ceylons. n.( holotype BM000621504!). (Figs. 1 and 2)
= Grimaldia opifera Schrank (1805: 187). nom. nud. = Cassia babylonica Schrank (1805: 312). nom nud. = Cassia thonningii De Candolle (1825: 500). Type:—” in Guinea. C. viscosa Vahl! herb, non Kunth.”, s. dat., s. col., s. n. ( holotypeG-DC, isotypes S, P-JUSS14532!). = Senna exigua Roxburgh (1832: 339)≡ Cassia exiguaRoxburgh (1814: 31). nom nud. = Chamaecrista absusvar. meonandra( Irwin & Barneby 1978: 282) Irwin & Barneby (1982: 664)≡ Cassia absusvar. meonandra Irwin & Barneby (1978: 282). Type:— MEXICO. Jalisco: Tequila, 29 September 1893, (fl., fr.), C.G. Pringle 4605( holotypeNY00003618!, isotypes BM000952123!, BR0000005117703!, BR0000005118038!, G00371053!, GH00053038!, F0057448F!, K000478168!, LE, MEXU00246986!, MEXU01167196!, MICH1107177!, MO-125068!, NDG24325!, NY003618!, P02436018!, P02436017!, PUL00000268! S, UC, US00001376!) Syn. nov.
Herbs or subshrubs monocarpic, 0.1–1 mtall, erect, less frequent decumbent. Root nodules present. Branches straight or curved, yellowish-green, setose-viscous and puberulent including stipules, petiole and rachis; non-exfoliating bark. Stipules 1.3–5.5 × 0.4–1 mmlong, lanceolate.Adult leaves alternate-distichous, the distal young leaves may be spiraled, regularly distributed along the entire stem, plagiotropic; petiole 1–5 cmlong; rachis 0.4–1.3(–1.5) cm long; leaflets 2 pairs, 0.8–4.6 × 0.5–2.8 cm, the distal pair slightly larger than the proximal pair, elliptical, oboval or largely oboval, apex obtuse or rounded or rarely acute, base rounded, oblique on the distal pair, papyraceous, slightly discolored, dark green on the adaxial surface and light green on the abaxial surface, villosus on both sides, setulose-viscous on the margins and on the abaxial veins, sometimes glabrous or glabrescent; margin entire, flat or slightly revolute, ciliated or not; secondary veins 3–6 pairs, conspicuous and imprinted on both sides. Leafy appendix inter-petiolule, filiform, linguliform or triangular, deciduous in some adult leaves. Racemes 2–13(–25) cm long, sessile, 8–20(–40) flowers, erect with straight or slightly sinuous axis, congested or lax, terminal or opposite to leaves when branch grows after flowering, setulose-viscous and villosule, including pedicel, outer surface of bracts and bracteoles. Bracts 1–2.5 × 0.4– 1 mm, oval or lanceolate, persistent. Bracteoles 1–4 × 0.5–1 mm, triangular or lanceolate, deciduous on adult flowers. Buds 3.5–4.7 × 2.5–3.5 mm, ellipsoid or ovoid, apex obtuse. Flowers 5–9 × 3–5 mm; pedicel 1.5–4(–7) mm long, straight and ascending even when fruited; sepals 3–5 × 1–2.2 mm, oblong-elliptic or lanceolate, apex obtuse, setuloseviscous and puberulent, rarely glabrous, yellowish-green, with red spots externally or not; 5 flat, oboval or spatulate petals, the inner one of the same size as the others, it may be slightly falcate, but never curled and nor encircling the stamens, 4.2–7.2 × 1.5–3.5 mm, orange, red or yellow; stamens (2)3–6(7), 2–4.5 mmlong, anthers not barbulate; ovary 1.8–2.5 × 1.5 mm, and setulose-viscous on both sides or rarely glabrescent, densely villosule at sutures; style 1.3–3 mmlong, straight or slightly curved at apex, glabrous. Legumes 2–5 × 0.5–0.7 cm, linear-oblong or oblong, setuloseviscous and puberulent or only villosule and setulose along the sutures, dark brown. Seeds 5–8, 3.4–5 × 2.5–4 mm, obovoid, rhomboid or piriform, blackened.
Etymology:— “ absus” from Latin means clothing, alluding to the trichomes present throughout the plant.
Geographical distribution and habitat:— Chamaecrista absusis the species with the largest area of occurrence of the entire genus, has a pantropical distribution and can be found in four continents: Africa, America, Asia and Oceania (Fig. 37A). In America it is reported from southern Arizonain the United Statesto Paraguay, being more frequent in Mexicoand Central American countries. In Brazilit is found as native in the coastal regions of Bahia, Cearáand Rio Grande do Nortein restingasand degraded and/or anthropized environments, or as cultivated/spontaneous in the rest of the country. In Africa it occurs in practically every continent, except in the North region, growing in savannah areas, forest edges or pasture areas. In Asia it is native to Southeast Asia, occurring in India, Malaysia, Indonesiaand Southeast China( Wang et al.2014). In Oceania it is recorded for Papua New Guineaand the northern portion of Australia. Found between 100 and 1650 maltitude. The low representation of Ch. absusin South America led Irwin & Barneby in 1978 to consider the species as introduced in this region, as well as in other areas of the world (e.g. Madagascar) although the place of origin is still unknown. The species’ great ability to establish itself in different environments is probably due to its nodulation ability. Chamaecrista absusexhibits a pioneer plant behavior, with rapid and annual growth and occurs frequently in environments that have been recently degraded or disturbed, which is not common in plants of the section Absus, but quite frequent in species of the section Chamaecrista(e.g. Ch. nictitans( Linnaeus 1753: 380) Moench (1794: 272)and Ch. rotundifolia( Persoon 1805: 456) Greene (1899: 31))which grow in similar environments and are capable of nodulating as well as Ch. absus. Flowering and fruiting:— Chamaecrista absusis a species of annual growth with autogamous flowers, it has a very fast flowering period compared to the other species studied, and can be found with flowers and fruits at the same time all year round, flowering being more common in times of greater rainfall.
Conservation status:—The conservation of the species is given as Least Concern (LC) due to its wide distribution, for demonstrating excellent ability to colonize different environments and for being present in different environmental protection/conservation units around the world.
Taxonomic history and adjustments:— Cassia absuswas described by Linnaeus in 1753 inSpecies Plantarum. In 1805, Schrank established the genus Grimaldiaciting Grimaldia opiferaas a typespecies. About 26 years later, Link (1831)combined C. absusinto Grimaldianaming Grimaldia absus(Linnaeus) Link. In 1832 Roxburghin the work “Flora of the plants of India” combines C. absusin the genus Senna, naming Senna absus. In 1930, Britton & Rose performed the combination of Senna absuson the genus Grimaldia, treating it as “ Grimaldia absus(Linnaeus) Britton & Rose”, however, this is a later homonym and should be disregarded, since the species was combined. first in Grimaldiaby Link in 1831. In this same work Britton & Rose synonymized Grimaldia opiferain Grimaldia absus. In 1978, Irwin & Barneby in a revision of Cassiinaetransferred the species of the genus Grimaldiato Cassia subgen. Lasiohegma. Due to the many unique features that Grimaldia absushas (e.g. leaf phyllotaxis, presence of a foliate leafy appendix inter-petiolule, reduced flowers and androecium), Irwin & Barneby (l.c.) chose to consider the species in a monotypic section (= Cassiasect. Grimaldia) while the other species belonging to the genus Grimaldiawere allocated in the section Absusseries Absoideae. In the samestudy, the authors described C. absusvar. meonandrafrom Mexicoand distinguished from the typical variety by the androecium commonly with (2)3–4 stamens (vs. (2–)5– 6(7) in the typical variety). In 1978, Irwin & Barneby in a revision of Cassiinaetransferred the species of the genus Grimaldiato Cassiasubgen. Lasiohegma. Due to the many unique features that G. absushas (e.g. leaf phyllotaxis, presence of a leafy appendix inter-petiolule, reduced flowers and androecium), Irwin & Barneby (l.c.) chose to consider the species in a monotypic section (= Cassiasect. Grimaldia) while the other species belonging to the ancient genus Grimaldiawere allocated in the series Absoideaeof the section Absus. This year, the authors described C. absusvar. meonandrafrom Mexicoand distinguished from the typical variety by the androecium commonly with (2)3–4 stamens vs. (2–)5–6(7) in the typical variety. Analyzing the original works, we found that Cassia babylonica, Grimaldia opiferaand Senna exiguaare nomina nuda, as they were created without description, diagnosis or indication of a reference (e.g. illustration or specimen in herbarium); and we corroborate with the synonym Cassia thonningii(valid name) as it is just a variation of the species. Finally, analyzing collections from Central and South America, Africa, Asia and Australia, we concluded that Ch. absusvar. meonandradoes not hold up as a distinct taxon based solely on the variation of its stamens. The androecium with 5–7 stamens seems to be the most common variation for the species, as also noted by Irwin & Barneby (1978). However, it is not difficult to find flowers with androecium with 2–4 stamens, and this condition is not unique to the populations of Mexicoas postulated by Irwin & Barneby (l.c.) when establishing the meonandravariety. Specimens from Africa and Asia have been found with flowers with the following stamen variations: 2–4, 3–5, 5–6, and 5–7. Thus, the only diagnostic feature of the meonandravariety is superimposed and continuous and must be considered a common variation of a polymorphic and widely distributed species. In view of this, we admit here Ch. absusas a species without infraspecific categories with the synonymization of Ch. absusvar. meonandra. Characterization and morphological relationships:—Although it has a wide distribution and certain polymorphism, Ch. absushas conserved diagnostic characters and is easily recognized as it is the only species in the section Absusto have: adult leaves alternate with a filiform, lingual or triangular leafy appendix inter-petiolule; flowers conspicuously reduced ( 5–9 mmlong); androecium with (2)3–5(–7) stamens; fillets similar in size to anthers and style as short as the ovary ( 1.3–3 mmlong); in addition to the presence of root nodules. Such characters are constant in all analyzed morphotypes and together are determinant to the recognition of the species. Other relevant characteristics of the species, but not exclusive, are the sessile and terminal inflorescences or opposite the leaves; flowers short pedicelled with 5 flat petals, the inner one slightly falcate and not curled or encircling the stamens, and the color of the petals that vary from orange, red or yellow. Due to the presence of leafy appendix inter-petiolule, Ch. absushas already been confused, allocated and described in the genus Senna, as such structures were wrongly interpreted as convex nectaries ( Roxburgh 1832). Irwin & Barneby (1978)already mentioned the uncertainty about the origin and function of the leafy appendix of Ch. absus. Morphologically, the flat, foliate and non-secretory structure of the appendix is more similar to stipules than nectaries. However, a deeper micromorphological analysis (ontogenetic and anatomical) is necessary to elucidate the nature of this structure in terms of its origin and function. Despite so many peculiarities, Chamaecrista absusis vegetatively similar to the species of the subsect. Absus, sometimes being confused in herbarium collections with Ch. hispidulaand Ch. fagonioides. The similarity of these taxa is attributed to the leaves always with two pairs of papyraceous or membranous leaflets with the distal pair slightly larger than the proximal pair and with an oblique base, while the proximal pair has an obtuse or rounded base in addition to similar shapes and dimensions and branches with glandular trichomes. However, the diagnostic features of Ch. absuslisted in the preceding paragraphs make it unmistakable with any species of the genus.
Specimens examined:— ANGOLA. Zoana, s. dat., J . Gossweiler170( K); Huila: Chicunge, 1400m, 27 March 1962, (fl., fr.), Teixeira& Almeida5543( L/ WAG). AUSTRALIA. Queensland: Cook district, 4.6Km south of Bataviaon the peninsula Development Road, 19 April 1990, (fl., fr.), J.R. Clarkson& V.J. Neldner8251( L); Rockhampton, 1864-66, (fl., fr.), A . Dietrich1461, 2227 ( L/ WAG); The Northern Territrory: Darwin, Nightcliff, 12°22’0”S, 130°52’59”E, (fl., fr.), R.L. Specht176 ( L). BENIN. 03 June 1999, (fl.), V . Adjakidjeet al. 2704( K); Antacora: Natitingou, 02 September 1998, (fl., fr.), N . Sokpon191( L/ WAG). Borgou: Nikki, Tanakpé, 10°00’00”N, 03°27’00”E, 14 August 1998, (fr.), B . Sinsin1944( L/ WAG); Parakou, 09°00’00”N, 02°00’00”E, 10 August 1999, (fl., fr.), A . Akoegninou2801( L/ WAG); Zou: Dassa, 07°49’00”N, 02°20’00”E, 07 June 1998, (fl.), V . Adjakidjé1627( L/ WAG). BOLIVIA. s. loc. ( Yungas), 20 April 1894, (fl., fr.), M . Bang2139( NY); Milunguayensis Moro-Yungas, December 1917, (fl.), O . Buchtien777( NY). BOTSWANA. Ngamiland: Mwakupan at lake Ngami, 128kmS of Maun, 20°30’0”S, 22°45’0”E, 10 March 1969, (fl.), R.J. Hoogh156( L/ WAG). BRAZIL. Bahia: Caém, ca. 1 kmda BR 324 na estrada para Caém, 11°11’00’’S, 40°25’00’’W, 440m, 22August 1993, (fl., fr.), L.P. Queiroz& N.S. Nascimento3555( HUEFS). Ceará: Alcântaras, Serra da Meruoca, 19 May 1977, (fr.), A . Fernandess. n. ( EAC3212, NY959821); Fortaleza, Campus Esc. Agronomia, 07 May 1973, (fl.), A . Fernandess. n.( EAC2300); ib., Campus do Pici, 12 June 1974, (fl., fr.), A. G. Fernandess. n.(NY959820); ib., 05 June 1986, (fl., fr.), E . Nuness. n. ( EAC14661); Meruoca, Serra da Meruoca, Sítio São Jerônimo, 16 July 1957, (fr.), A . Fernandess. n. ( EAC1733); ib., sítio Santo Antônio, 05 June 1961, (fr.), A . Fernandess. n. EAC2104); Santa Quitéria, próximo a Serra do Quati, 07 June 1984, (fl., fr.), A . Fernandeset al.s. n. ( EAC12704, NY959818); Sobral, Fazenda Macapá, 24 May 1976, (fl.), A . Fernandess. n. ( EAC2775, NY959819); ib., BR- 222 km9, Sobral-Fortaleza, 13 June 1979, (fl., fr.), L . Coradinet al. 1921( CEN, NY). Mato Grosso do Sul: Miranda, 17 March 2003, (fl., fr.), G.G. Hatschbach74839( K). Minas Gerais: Bambuí, 11 April 2001, (fl., fr.), J. F. Macedo3985( PAMG); Belo Horizonte, Serra do Curral, 25 April 1991, (fr.), Pio151( PAMG). Rio Grande do Norte, Jucurutu, RPPN Stoessel de Brito, 01 June 2008, (fl., fr.), A. A. Roque583( UFRN); Serra Negra do Norte, Estação Ecológica do Seridó( ESEC), 06°34’04’’S, 37°15’20’’W, 02 May 2005, (fl.), R. T. Queiroz296( UFRN); Serrinha dos Pintos, Sítio Serrinha do Canto, 17 April 2005, (fl.), R. T. Queiroz& F. R. Queiroz322( UFRN); ib., 06°10’05’’S, 37°57’27’’W, 305m, 21 June 2006, (fl.), R. T. Queiroz1023( UFRN). BURKINA FASO. Bobo-Dioulasso: 10kmE. of Bobo-Dioulasso, 11°10’00”N, 04°11’00”W, 17 October 1967, (fl., fr.), C. Geerling& J. Bokdam1303( L/ WAG). BURUNDI. Bubanza: ferme de Randa, 11 February 1967, (fl., fr.), M. Reekmans4772( L/ WAG). Bujumbura: plaine Rusizikm: I0, jachere sur sables, 03°19’00”S, 29°19’00”E, 20 March 1979, (fr.), M. Reekmans7714( L/ WAG). Bururi: Resha prov. Bururi, 03°53’00”S, 29°23’00”E, 19 January 1980, fl. (fr.), M. Reekmans8567( L/ WAG). CAMEROOM. North Region; près Sangbe, ( 50kmSSW de Tibati), feuille IGN 1/200.000 Tibati, 18 September 1963, (fl., fr.), R. G. Letouzey5808( L/ WAG). CHAD. Baguirmiet région Du Lac Fittri Kolkeliet Moïte, 12°37’0”N, 16°37’0”E, 06 September 1903, (fr.), A. J. B. Chevalier9769( L). CHINA. Hainan: Lingshui Xian, Xincun Zhen, Jiusuo Shan, on grassland, 50 m, 21 February 2013, (fl., fr.), Q. L. Wang476( ATCH). COLOMBIA. Cauca: Patía, Granja de la Universidadde Nariño, 10 November 1986, (fl.), O. Salazar de Benavides7250( NY). CÔTE D’IVOIRE. Adiopodoumé, 03 November 1954, (fl., fr.), J. F. Lelieveld5( L/ WAG); Bavé, W. of Bavé, 5 kmE. of Comoe River, 09°37’00”N, 04°16’00”W, 04 August 1967, (fl., fr.), G. J. Amshoff470( L/ WAG); Dabou, E. of Dabou, 05°20’00”N 04°22’00”W, 30 August 1967, (fl., fr.), C. Geerlin& J. Bokdam791( L/ WAG); Ouangofetini, 10 kmE. of Ouangofetini, 09°37’00”N, 03°58’00”W, 21 June 1968, (fl., fr.), C. Geerling& J. Bokdam2907( L/ WAG); Seye, SW of Seye, 09°24’00”S, 03°26’00”W, 01 July 1967, (fl., fr.), G. J. Amshoff1972( L/ WAG). COSTA RICA. s. loc. Sommelsdes collines de Nicoya, December 1899, (fl., fr.), J. F. A. Tonduz13571( NY). CURAÇAO. Near Carmabi Experimental Station, s. dat., (fl.), P. A. W. J. Wilde102( L). DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO. Dungu, Paronat. De la Geramba, March 1951, (fl.), D. Saeger1113 ( L/ WAG); Kasenga, Haut-Shaba, vallés du Luapula, près du village Tanganika, Prèsde la chute Mufunfu, 12 March 1971, (fr.), U. A. M. Druk445/30( L/ WAG); Léopoldville, Madimba, Kisantu, 24 February 1949, (fr.), Calles2037( L/ WAG); Mbanza-Ngungu, Kibulu, 05 February 1979, (fl., fr.), L. Pauwels6156( L/ WAG); Ndjili, Ndjiliterr. Ngafula, 25 March 1976, (fr.), L. Pauwels5533( L/ WAG). ECUADOR. Guayas: Guayaquil, Cerro Santa Ana, 24 March 1955, (fl., fr.), E. Asplund15884( NY); Isla Puná, Puná Nuevato Concorida, 02°44’00”S, 79°55’00”W, 05 July 1987, (fl., fr.), J. E. Madsen63579( NY). ETHIOPIA. s. loc. 1837, (fr.), Kotschy460( K). Tigray: Adwa, 20 kmalong road Adwato Asmara, 14°19’00”N, 38°52’00”E, 1650m, 12 September 1970, (fl., fr.), J. J. F. E. De Wilde7110( L/ WAG). GABON. Nyanga; Monts Doudou, au Sud-Ouestdu village Moukoualou, qui se trouve à 6kmSud de Mourindi( Brigade de Faune de Moukalaba), 2°36’0”S, 10°46’0”E, 21 March 2000, (fl., fr.), J. M. Moussavou881( L/ WAG). GHANA. path between Pepeaseand Nkwantanang, Kowahu district, 14 April 1954, (fl., fr.), J. K. A. Morton775( L/ WAG); between Adidome and Ho, 2/3 of the way, 10 May 1956, (fl.), J. K. A. Morton2056( L/ WAG). GRENADA. s. loc., Lowcher-Tempéroad, near the Boramie Station, 11 December 1904, (fl., fr.), W. E. Broadway1745( NY). GUATEMALA. Chiquimula: Vicinity of Ataluapa, 11 December 1969, (fl., fr.), A. M. Rositto25380( NY). Guatemala: along river Villalobos, 12 January 1966, (fr.), A. M. Rositto16052( NY). GUINEA. Boffa; près de Tugnifily, 06 February 1979, (fl., fr.), S. Lisowski51420( L/ WAG). GUINEA-BISSAU. Pessubé, 11 December 1937, (fl., fr.), J. V. G. Espirito Santo1078( LQWAG). INDIA. Monghyr, s. dat., (fl.), s. col. ( K001120513); Himachal Pradesh: pineforest 7 kmto Bharwain, 11 October 1977, (fl.), L. J.G. van der Maesen2869( L/ WAG); Dehradun, 4, 5 kmto Sahabradhara, 16 October 1977, (fr.), L. J.G. van der Maesen2986( L/ WAG); Madhya Pradesh: Chhindwara, 27 September 1979, (fr.), P. Remanandan4288( L/ WAG). Surguja: Khuri, 12 October 1947, (fr.), W. N. Koelz19258( L); Uttar Pradesh: Allahabad, 09 October 1978, fl. (fr.), Bumisra813( L); Majhola( Pilibhit), 23 September 1972, (fl.), C. L. Malhotra50995( L). Uttarakhand: Dehra Dun, Rispana, 08 August 1934, (fl.), C. R. Babu33302( L). INDONESIA. Ned. Indie. Semongkrong, 01 November 1921, (fl., fr.), J. Jeswiet1057( L/ WAG); Java: Timur, Baluran, 01 March 1950, (fl.), F. W. Rappard137( L/ WAG); Lesser sunda islands: Island Bali( North), Pura Pulaki, 31 March 1964, (fl., fr.), A. Dilmy1042( L). JAMAICA. s. loc., Kings House Grounds, 25 November 1897, (fr.), W. H. Harris6707( NY). Saint Andrew: Eastof the Cane Riverabove coastal highway bridge, 25 October 1964, (fl., fr.), G. R. Proctor25597( NY). KENYA. 4/7 Kora Game Reserve, Tana River District, 07 December 1984, (fl.), G. M. Mungai84/274( L/ WAG). MALAWI. Shire Highlands, Zambesia, s. dat., Buchan363( K). Rumphi: Rumphi, Chelinda river 3000ft., 04 May 1974, (fr.), J. Pawek8601( L/ WAG); Binga, Manzituba Marsh, Chizarira Game Reserve, 25 February 1972, (fl., fr.), P. J. Thomson549( L/ WAG). MALAYSIA. Penang: Tanjong Bunga, Seashorebelow Sandycroft Soldiers’ Leave Home, 31 October 1951, (fl.), J. Sincalir39389( L). MEXICO. Baja California Sur: La Paz, Los Limpios, Sierra La Laguna, al E de Todos Santos, BCS, 18 October 1985, (fl., fr.), P. Tenorio L. 10617( NY); Chiapas: 20 kmal S de Ocozocuautla, camino a Villa Flores, en el Cerro Brujo, 25 October 1985, (fr.), E. M. M. Salas14310( NY); Coahiula: Artega, a 7 kmal Nde Arteaga, camino a Nueva Italia, 19 November 1983, (fr.), E. Martínez S. & F. Barrie5398( MEXU, XAL); Jalisco: Faldadel cerro El Huehuentan, Nacastillo, Jal, 03 November 1978, (fl., fr.), J. A. S. Magallanes1205( NY); Guadalajara: Río Caliente, La Primavera, Zapopan, Jal, 01 August 1967, (fl.), C. L. Díaz Luna328( NY); Hostotipaquillo: 2 miW of Barranquitos, ca. 10 miE of Plan de Barrancas, on road to Tequila, 23 August 1957, (fl.), H. S. Irwin1273( NY); La Huerta, Ca. 8 miSW of La Resolana, road to La Huerta, 16 November 1960, (fr.), R. McVaugh21109( NY); Tala, a largo del Arroyoque parte del Ranchoem Bosque Escuela, hasta el Arroyo Caliente, La Primavera, 15 October 1988, (fr.), A. Rodriguez C. & J. J. Reynoso D.1585( XAL); Tequila, July 1886, (fl., fr.), E. Palmer412( NY). Michoacán de Ocampo: Huétamo, En Las Trincheras, 12 kmal Nde Huétamo, 24 October 1984, (fr.), J. C. S. Núñez6666( NY); La Huacana, a 6 kmal SW de La Huacana, 27 October 1981, (fl., fr.), J. C. S. Núñez3566( XAL); Nocupétaro, 7 kmal N de Nocupétaro, carr. a Villa Madero, 29 September 1982, (fl., fr.), J. C. S. Nuñez4649( NY); Morelos: Emiliano Zapata, Cerro Gordo, Mpio. Dos Ríos, 14 October 1970, (fl.), F. Ventura A. 2610( NY); Nayarit: Km31, 4-5 m Nof Compostela, Nay, 22 September 1960, (fl., fr.), R. McVaugh19361( NY). Sinaloa: Mazatlán, 01 January 1895, (fl., fr.), F. H. Lamb375 ( NY); Sinaloa, Quebrado de Manzana, Sierra Surotato, 10 September 1941, (fl., fr.), H. S. Gentry6536( NY). Sonora: Imuris, 17.1 kmnortheast of Imurison MEX 2, 09 September 2002, (fl., fr.), S. C. Doan1205( NY); Yecora. Arroyo Hondo, 11.5 kmE of El Kipor, 4 kmW of Chihuahuaborder on Mex.16, 28°26’30”N, 108°32’30”W, 11 September 1996, (fl., fr.), T. R. Van Devender96-613( NY). Veracruz: Actopan, Trapiche, 06 October 1971, (fl., fr.), F. Ventura A. 4361( XAL); Coatepec, 4 kmal este de Tuzamapan, 02 November 1975, (fr.), M. Moraleset al. 15( XAL); Cosamaloapan, Ciudad Alemán, 16 November 1968, (fl., fr.), G. M. Calderon1159( NY); Dos Rios, Corral Falso, 03 October 1974, (fl., fr.), A. Delgado1978( XAL); Zacualpan, Corralde las Piedras, October 1906, (fl., fr.), C. A. Purpus2339( NY). MOZAMBIQUE. Lourenco Marqueen Forto Menrique, andados ca. 1, 5 mpara a Bela Vista, 25 March 1975, (fl., fr.), A. Marques2673( L/ WAG). NAMIBIA. Caprivi; near Ngoma, 17°52’59”S, 24°43’0”E, 10 February 1988, (fl.), G. L. Maggs199( L/ WAG). NETHERLANDS ANTILLES. Bonaire, 1909, (fl., fr.), I. Boldingh7303( NY). NIGERIA. s. loc., Idah[ Zuoora], November 1841, (fl., fr.), Vogel13( K). Adamawa: Yola, government reservation on Jimeta-Yola Road, 23 October 1971, (fr.), M. G. Latilo63475( L/ WAG). PAPUA NEW GUINEA. 10 June 1928, (fr.), J. Jeswiet80( L/ WAG); Central District: New Guinea; bulogo Creekc. 18 milesN. of Portoresby, 11 April 1967, (fl., fr.), R. Pullen6665( L). PARAGUAY. Assunção, 05 May 1889, fl. T. Morong700( NY); Cordillera: 5 kmSE of Emboscada.“ Isla Alta”, 25°08’00”S, 57°15’00”W, 26 May 1990, (fr.), E. M. Zardini20648, 20737( NY). PERU. Lambayeque: Portachuelo de Olmos, 01 June 1972, (fl., fr.), E. C. Valenzuela5209( NY); Piura: Província Chulucanas, Cerro Vicus, 52 kmde la carretera Piura-Morropon, 24 May 1992, (fl.), I. M. S. Veja6206( NY). RWANDA. Kibungu, plain Kilali, 03 February 1958, (fl., fr.), G. M.D.J. Troupin5904( L/ WAG). SENEGAL. Kolda; Diaroume, 13 October 1961, (fl., fr.), J. G. Adam18419( L/ WAG). SIERRA LEONE. between Mussaiaand Kabala N. P., 27 November 1965, (fr.), J. K. Morton2869( L/ WAG). SOUTH AFRICA. Waterberg Dist. 6m. E. Hermanusdoorns: Gravellyloam soil in Mogol River Valley, 13 March 1946, (fl., fr.), L. E. W. Codd1000( L/ WAG); RegioTVL. 8 milesfrom Nylstroomon road to Naboomspruitat bridge over a branch of the Nyl river, 15 March 1971, (fl., fr.), L. A. Coetzer18( L/ WAG). SRI LANKA. Hambantota: Hambantota, Ruhuna National Park, Block I Karaugaswala, 17 January 1969, (fl., fr.), N. Wirawan810( L). TANZANIA. Dodoma, Ikowareservoir, 06°12’00”S, 36°14’00”E, 980m, 21 February 1975, (fl.), I. Backéus1141( L/ WAG); Morogoro, Mikumi National Park, 07°15’00”S, 37°10’00”E, 14 April 1984, (fl., fr.), G. Nevers& S. Charnley3281( L/ WAG). UGANDA: North Buganda; Mukono, Kyagwe, Bule-Buyaga.VR-65-30, 0°16’59”S, 32°42’0”E, 20 March 1992, (fr.), P. K. Rwaburindore3378( L/ WAG). UNITED STATES. Arizona: Montezuma, Pima Co. Northside of Montezuma Bluff, Baboquivari Canyon, Baboquivari Mts., 28 September 1931, (fl., fr.), M. F. Gilman B 234( NY). VENEZUELA. Distrito Capital: Caracas, Around Caracas. Sabana Grande, 11 December 1921, (fr.), H. F. Pittier9927( NY). ZAMBIA. Lusaka: Chalimbana Research Station; Lusaka E. 21km, 27 January 1993, (fl., fr.), M. G. Bingham8807( L/ WAG); Namwala: Kafue National Park. Musa river, 1 milefrom Musa-Kafve, 22 March 1964, (fr.), B. L. Mitchell25/7( L/ WAG). ZIMBABWE. Makuti, ( Top of Escarpment), 22 February 1985, (fl.), R.D.A. Bayliss10206( L/ WAG) .
[281,1269,1163,1190]
BM
Sri Lanka
Type
5
6
BM000621504
1
holotype
[327,567,1275,1297]
S
Guinea-Bissau
Type
5
6
1
holotype
[477,1034,1310,1337]
K
Gossweiler
Angola
9
12
Zoana
9
10
1
1962-03-27
L, WAG
Teixeira & Almeida
1400
9
12
Chicunge
Huila
9
10
1
1990-04-19
L
Clarkson & Neldner
Australia
9
12
Batavia
Cook district
9
10
1
Queensland
L, WAG
A. Dietrich
9
12
Rockhampton
9
10
1
L
R. L. Specht
Northern Territrory
9
12
-12.366667
Nightcliff
21
130.88306
Darwin
9
10
1
[656,1327,1454,1481]
1999-06-03
K
Adjakidje
Benin
9
12
BENIN
9
10
1
1998-09-02
L, WAG
Sokpon
9
12
Natitingou
Antacora
9
10
1
1998-08-14
L, WAG
Sinsin
9
12
10.0
Tanakpe
21
3.45
Nikki
9
10
1
Borgou
1999-08-10
L, WAG
Akoegninou
9
12
9.0
Parakou
21
2.0
Parakou
9
10
1
[464,1449,1562,1589]
1998-06-07
L, WAG
Adjakidje
9
12
7.8166666
Dassa
21
2.3333333
Dassa
9
10
1
Zou
[136,966,1598,1625]
1894-04-20
NY
Bang
Bolivia
9
12
Yungas
9
10
1
1917-12
NY
Buchtien
9
12
Milunguayensis Moro-Yungas
Milunguayensis Moro-Yungas
9
10
1
1969-03-10
L, WAG
Hoogh
Botswana
9
12
-20.5
Maun
21
22.75
lake Ngami
9
10
1
Ngamiland
1993-08-22
HUEFS
Queiroz & Nascimento
Brazil
440
9
12
-11.183333
Caem
21
-40.416668
Caem
9
10
1
Bahia
[136,1325,1742,1769]
1977-05-19
EAC
Fernandes
Alcantaras
9
12
Serra da Meruoca
Serra da Meruoca
9
10
EAC3212
1
Ceara
1973-05-07
EAC
Fernandes
9
12
Campus Esc. Agronomia
Fortaleza
9
10
EAC2300
1
1974-06-12
Fernandes
9
12
Campus do Pici
Campus do Pici
9
10
1
[593,1227,1814,1841]
1986-06-05
EAC
Nunes
9
12
9
10
EAC14661
1
1957-07-16
EAC
Fernandes
9
12
Serra da Meruoca
Meruoca
9
10
EAC1733
1
1961-06-05
EAC
Fernandes
9
12
Santo Antonio
9
10
EAC2104
1
1984-06-07
EAC, NY
Fernandes
9
12
Serra do Quati
Santa Quiteria
9
10
EAC12704, NY959818
1
1976-05-24
EAC, NY
Fernandes
9
12
Fazenda Macapa
Sobral
9
10
EAC2775, NY959819
1
[287,1379,1958,1985]
1979-06-13
CEN, NY
Coradin
9
12
Sobral-Fortaleza
Sobral-Fortaleza
9
10
1
2003-03-17
K
Hatschbach
9
12
Miranda
Miranda
9
10
1
Mato Grosso do Sul
2001-04-11
J, F, PAMG
Macedo
9
12
Bambui
9
10
1
Minas Gerais
[565,1389,2030,2057]
1991-04-25
PAMG
Pio
9
12
Serra do Curral
Belo Horizonte
9
10
1
2008-06-01
RPPN, A, UFRN
Jucurutu & Roque
9
12
Stoessel de Brito
9
10
1
Rio Grande do Norte
2005-05-02
ESEC, R, T, UFRN
Queiroz
10
12
-6.5677776
Estacao Ecologica do Serido
21
-37.255554
Estacao Ecologica do Serido
9
10
1
Serra Negra do Norte
[136,1401,194,221]
2005-04-17
R, T, F, UFRN
Serrinha dos Pintos & Queiroz
10
12
Sitio Serrinha do Canto
10
10
1
2006-06-21
R, T, UFRN
Queiroz
305
10
12
-6.1680555
21
-37.9575
10
10
1
1967-10-17
C, J, L, WAG
Bobo-Dioulasso & Geerling & Bokdam
Burkina Faso
10
12
11.166667
BURKINA FASO
21
-4.1833334
10
10
1
[255,1310,302,329]
1967-02-11
M, L, WAG
Randa & Reekmans
Burundi
10
12
Bubanza
10
10
1
Bubanza
1979-03-20
I, M, L, WAG
Rusizi & Reekmans
10
12
-3.3166666
Bujumbura
21
29.316668
10
10
1
Bujumbura
[136,1449,374,401]
1980-01-19
M, L, WAG
Reekmans
10
12
-3.8833332
Resha prov.
21
29.383333
Resha prov.
10
10
1
Bururi
1963-09-18
R, G, L, WAG
Letouzey
North Region
10
12
Tibati
Sangbe
10
10
IGN 1
1
1903-09-06
A, J, B, L
Baguirmi & Du & Fittri Kolkeli & Moite & Chevalier
Chad
10
12
12.616667
Lac
21
16.616667
10
10
1
Lac
2013-02-21
Q, L, ATCH
Lingshui Xian & Xincun Zhen & Jiusuo Shan & Wang
China
50
10
12
Hainan
10
10
1
Hainan
1986-11-10
O, NY
Patia & Granja de la Universidad
Colombia
10
12
Salazar de Benavides
10
10
1
Cauca
1954-11-03
J, F, L, WAG
Adiopodoume & Lelieveld
Ivory Coast
10
12
COTE D'IVOIRE
10
10
1
1967-08-04
W, G, J, L, WAG
Bave & River & Amshoff
10
12
9.616667
Bave
21
-4.266667
10
10
1
Comoe
1967-08-30
E, C, J, L, WAG
Dabou & Geerlin & Bokdam
10
12
5.3333335
Dabou
21
-4.366667
Dabou
10
10
1
1968-06-21
C, J, L, WAG
Ouangofetini & Geerling & Bokdam
10
12
9.616667
Ouangofetini
21
-3.9666667
Ouangofetini
10
10
1
1967-07-01
G, J, L, WAG
Amshoff
10
12
-9.4
Seye
21
-3.4333334
Seye
10
10
1
1899-12
J, F, A, NY
Sommels & Nicoya & Tonduz
Costa Rica
10
12
COSTA RICA
10
10
1
P, A, W, J, L
Wilde
Curaçao
10
12
Near Carmabi Experimental Station
Near Carmabi Experimental Station
10
10
1
1951-03
L, WAG
Dungu & Paro & D. Saeger
Democratic Republic of the Congo
10
12
De la Geramba
10
10
1
1971-03-12
U, A, M, L, WAG
du Luapula & Druk
10
12
Haut-Shaba
Kasenga
10
10
1
1949-02-24
L, WAG
Kisantu
Leopoldville
10
12
Calles
Madimba
10
10
1
1979-02-05
L, WAG
Pauwels
10
12
Kibulu
Mbanza-Ngungu
10
10
1
[427,1298,950,977]
1976-03-25
L, WAG
Pauwels
Ndjili
10
12
Ngafula
Ndjili
10
10
1
1955-03-24
E, NY
Guayaquil & Cerro Santa Ana & Asplund
Ecuador
10
12
Guayas
10
10
1
Guayas
1987-07-05
J, E, NY
Concorida & Madsen
10
12
-2.7333333
Puna Nueva
21
-79.916664
Isla Puna
10
10
1
1970-09-12
K, J, F, E, L, WAG
Kotschy & Adwa & Asmara & De Wilde
Ethiopia
1650
10
12
14.316667
Adwa
21
38.866665
Adwa
10
10
1
Tigray
2000-03-21
J, M, L, WAG
Monts Doudou & Sud-Ouest & Moukoualou & Moussavou
Gabon
10
12
-2.6
Brigade de Faune de Moukalaba
21
10.766666
10
10
1
Nyanga
1954-04-14
J, K, A, L, WAG
Morton
Ghana
Pepease
10
12
Kowahu district
Nkwantanang
10
10
1
1956-05-10
J, K, A, L, WAG
Morton
10
12
between Adidome and Ho
between Adidome and Ho
10
10
1
1904-12-11
W, E, NY
Lowcher-Tempe & Broadway
Grenada
10
12
Boramie Station
10
10
1
1969-12-11
A, M, NY
Rositto
Guatemala
10
12
Vicinity of Ataluapa
Vicinity of Ataluapa
10
10
1
Chiquimula
[491,1447,1310,1337]
1966-01-12
A, M, NY
Rositto
10
12
river Villalobos
river Villalobos
10
10
1
Guatemala
[136,1215,1346,1373]
1979-02-06
S, L, WAG
Boffa & Tugnifily & Lisowski
Guinea-Bissau
10
12
GUINEA
10
10
1
1937-12-11
J, V, G, LQWAG
Pessube & Espirito Santo
Guinea-Bissau
10
12
GUINEA-BISSAU
10
10
1
K
Monghyr
India
10
12
INDIA
10
10
K001120513
1
1977-10-11
L, J, WAG
Bharwain & Maesen
10
12
Himachal Pradesh
10
10
1
Himachal Pradesh
[258,1349,1454,1481]
1977-10-16
L, J, WAG
Maesen
10
12
Sahabradhara
Dehradun
10
10
1
1979-09-27
P, L, WAG
Remanandan
10
12
Chhindwara
Chhindwara
10
10
1
Madhya Pradesh
1947-10-12
W, N, L
Koelz
10
12
Khuri
Surguja
10
10
1
[453,1230,1526,1553]
1978-10-09
L
Allahabad & Bumisra
10
12
Uttar Pradesh
10
10
1
Uttar Pradesh
1972-09-23
C, L
Pilibhit & Malhotra
10
12
Majhola
Majhola
10
10
1
1934-08-08
C, R, L
Dehra Dun & Rispana & Babu
10
12
Uttarakhand
10
10
1
Uttarakhand
[336,1448,1598,1624]
1921-11-01
J, L, WAG
Ned. Indie. Semongkrong & Jeswiet
Indonesia
10
12
INDONESIA
10
10
1
[136,965,1634,1661]
1950-03-01
F, W, L, WAG
Baluran & Rappard
10
12
Timur
Timur
10
10
1
Java
1964-03-31
A, L
Pura Pulaki & Dilmy
10
12
North
Island
10
10
1
Lesser sunda islands
1897-11-25
W, H, NY
Kings House Grounds & Harris
Jamaica
10
12
JAMAICA
10
10
1
1964-10-25
G, R, NY
East & Proctor
10
12
Cane River
10
10
1
Saint Andrew
1984-12-07
G, M, L, WAG
Mungai
Kenya
10
12
Kora Game Reserve
10
10
1
Tana River District
[547,1242,1778,1805]
K
Shire Highlands & Zambesia & Buchan
Malawi
10
12
MALAWI
10
10
1
1974-05-04
J, L, WAG
Pawek
914
10
12
Chelinda river
10
10
1
Rumphi
1972-02-25
P, J, L, WAG
Thomson
Binga
10
12
Chizarira Game Reserve
Manzituba Marsh
10
10
1
1951-10-31
J, L
Tanjong Bunga & Seashore & Sandycroft Soldiers' Leave Home & Sincalir
Malaysia
10
12
Penang
10
10
1
Penang
1985-10-18
P, L, NY
Tenorio
Mexico
10
12
Paz
La
10
10
1
Baja California Sur
1985-10-25
E, M, NY
Villa Flores & Cerro Brujo & Salas
10
12
S de Ocozocuautla
S de Ocozocuautla
10
10
1
Chiapas
1983-11-19
N, E, S, F, MEXU, XAL
Artega & Martinez & Barrie
Coahiula
10
12
Nueva Italia
Arteaga
10
10
1
1978-11-03
J, A, S, NY
El Huehuentan & Nacastillo & Jal & Magallanes
10
12
Falda
Falda
10
10
1
Jalisco
1967-08-01
C, L, NY
La Primavera & Zapopan & Jal & Diaz Luna
11
12
Rio Caliente
Guadalajara
10
10
1
1957-08-23
H, S, NY
Hostotipaquillo & Tequila & Irwin
11
12
Barranquitos
11
10
1
1960-11-16
R, NY
La Huerta & McVaugh
11
12
La
11
10
1
1988-10-15
A, C, J, XAL
Bosque Escuela & el Arroyo Caliente & La Primavera & Rodriguez & Reynoso D.
Tala
11
12
Rancho
Arroyo
11
10
1
[136,679,302,328]
1886-07
E, NY
Palmer
11
12
Tequila
11
10
1
1984-10-24
N, J, C, S, NY
En Las Trincheras & Nunez
11
12
Huetamo
Huetamo
11
10
1
Michoacan de Ocampo
1981-10-27
J, C, S, XAL
Nunez
11
12
La Huacana
11
10
1
1982-09-29
J, C, S, NY
Villa Madero & Nunez
11
12
Nocupetaro
Nocupetaro
11
10
1
1970-10-14
F, A, NY
Mpio. Dos Rios & Ventura
11
12
Cerro Gordo
Emiliano Zapata
11
10
1
Morelos
1960-09-22
N, R, NY
Km & McVaugh
5
11
12
Nay
Compostela
11
10
1
Nayarit
[292,1069,482,509]
1895-01-01
F, H, NY
Mazatlan & Lamb
11
12
Sinaloa
11
10
1
Sinaloa
1941-09-10
H, S, NY
Sierra Surotato & Gentry
11
12
Quebrado de Manzana
Quebrado de Manzana
11
10
1
Sinaloa
2002-09-09
S, C, NY
Doan
11
12
Imuris
Imuris
11
10
MEX 2
1
Sonora
1996-09-11
T, R, NY
Yecora. Arroyo Hondo & Van Devender
11
12
28.441666
Mex.
20
-108.541664
El Kipor
11
10
1
[210,1148,626,653]
1971-10-06
F, A, XAL
Trapiche & Ventura
11
12
Actopan
Actopan
11
10
1
Veracruz
1975-11-02
M, XAL
de Tuzamapan & Morales
11
12
Coatepec
Coatepec
11
10
1
1968-11-16
G, M, NY
Ciudad Aleman & Calderon
11
12
Cosamaloapan
Cosamaloapan
11
10
1
[608,1447,698,725]
1974-10-03
A, XAL
Dos Rios & Delgado
11
12
Corral Falso
11
10
1
[136,1115,734,761]
1906-10
C, A, NY
Corral & Piedras & Purpus
11
12
Zacualpan
Zacualpan
11
10
1
1975-03-25
A, L, WAG
Lourenco Marqueen Forto Menrique & Bela Vista & Marques
Mozambique
5
11
12
MOZAMBIQUE
11
10
1
[136,1449,806,833]
1988-02-10
G, L, WAG
Ngoma & Maggs
Namibia
11
12
-17.883055
Caprivi
21
24.716667
11
10
1
Caprivi
[136,1050,842,868]
I, NY
Bonaire & Boldingh
Curaçao
11
12
NETHERLANDS ANTILLES
11
10
1
1841-11
K
Idah & Zuoora & Vogel
Nigeria
11
12
NIGERIA
11
10
1
1971-10-23
M, G, L, WAG
Yola & Jimeta-Yola Road & Latilo
11
12
Adamawa
11
10
1
Adamawa
[596,1359,914,941]
1928-06-10
J, L, WAG
Jeswiet
Papua New Guinea
11
12
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
11
10
1
1967-04-11
R, L
Creek & Port & Pullen
11
12
New Guinea
New Guinea
11
10
1
Central District
[136,880,986,1013]
1889-05-05
T, NY
Morong
Paraguay
11
12
Assuncao
11
10
1
Assuncao
1990-05-26
E, M, NY
Zardini
11
12
-25.133333
Isla Alta
21
-57.25
5 km SE of Emboscada.
11
10
1
Cordillera
1972-06-01
E, C, NY
Valenzuela
Peru
11
12
Portachuelo de Olmos
Portachuelo de Olmos
11
10
1
Lambayeque
1992-05-24
I, M, S, NY
Provincia Chulucanas & Cerro Vicus & Piura-Morropon & Veja
11
12
Piura
11
10
1
Piura
1958-02-03
G, M, L, WAG
Kibungu & Kilali & Troupin
Rwanda
11
12
RWANDA
11
10
1
1961-10-13
J, G, L, WAG
Diaroume & Adam
Senegal
11
12
Kolda
11
10
1
Kolda
1965-11-27
N, P, J, K, L, WAG
Morton
Sierra Leone
11
12
Kabala
Mussaia
11
10
1
1946-03-13
E, L, W, WAG
Hermanusdoorns & Gravelly & Codd
South Africa
11
12
Mogol River Valley
Waterberg Dist.
11
10
6
1971-03-15
L, A, WAG
Coetzer
Regio
11
12
Naboomspruit
Nylstroom
11
10
1
1969-01-17
I, N, L
Hambantota & Block & Karaugaswala & Wirawan
Sri Lanka
11
12
Ruhuna National Park
11
10
1
1975-02-21
I, L, WAG
Ikowa & Backeus
Tanzania
980
11
12
-6.2
Dodoma
21
36.233334
11
10
1
Dodoma
1984-04-14
G, S, L, WAG
Nevers & Charnley
11
12
-7.25
Mikumi National Park
21
37.166668
Mikumi National Park
11
10
1
Morogoro
1992-03-20
P, K, L, WAG
Kyagwe & Bule-Buyaga. & Rwaburindore
Uganda
11
12
-0.28305557
North Buganda
21
32.7
North Buganda
11
10
1
Mukono
1931-09-28
M, F, NY
Montezuma & Pima Co. North & Montezuma Bluff & Baboquivari Canyon & Gilman
United States of America
11
12
Baboquivari Mts.
11
10
B 234
1
Arizona
1921-12-11
H, F, NY
Caracas & Around Caracas. Sabana Grande & Pittier
Venezuela
11
12
Distrito Capital
11
10
1
Distrito Capital
1993-01-27
E, M, G, L, WAG
Bingham
Zambia
11
12
Chalimbana Research Station
Chalimbana Research Station
11
10
1
Lusaka
1964-03-22
B, L, WAG
Musa-Kafve & Mitchell
11
12
Kafue National Park. Musa river
Namwala
11
10
1
1985-02-22
R, L, WAG
Makuti & Bayliss
Zimbabwe
11
12
Top of Escarpment
11
10
1