Cassia chapadae Irwin & Barneby (1978: 258)
Taxonomic revision of Chamaecrista sect. Absus subsect. Absus (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae) with adjustments in the new classification
Souza, Alessandro Oliveira De
Cavalcante, Raphael Guarda
Silva, Marcos José Da
Phytotaxa
2022
2022-09-20
565
1
1
82
TJ8M
(H. S. Irwin & Barneby) Irwin & Barneby (1982: 661)
Irwin & Barneby
661
1982
H. S. Irwin & Barneby
[163,1042,590,617]
Magnoliopsida
Fabaceae
Chamaecrista
Plantae
Fabales
36
37
Tracheophyta
species
chapadae
≡ Cassia chapadae Irwin & Barneby (1978: 258).
Type:— BRAZIL. Bahia: Iraquara, Serra da Água de Rega, ± 26km North of Seabra road to Água de Rega, near Rio Riachão, ± 1000m, 23 November 1971, (fl.), H.S.Irwin, Harley & G.L. Smith30798( holotype UB0037179!, isotypes C10011952!, F0057554F!, GH00053149!, K000056408!, LE00006826!, NY00003754!, NY00003755!, RB00545349!, RB00539445!, S-R-8794!, UC1418643!, US00001415!). (Figs. 17 and 18)
Subshrubs perennial, 30–50 cmtall, erect, cespitose. Root nodules absent. Branches blackish or brown when young, villosule and setulose-viscous, including stipules, petiole and rachis; non-exfoliating bark. Stipules 2–3 × 0.4–0.5 mm, lanceolate, persistent. Leaves alternate spiral, distributed above the middle of the stem, plagiotropic; petiole 0.5–1.1 cmlong; rachis 0.4–1 cmlong; leaflets 2 pairs, 0.6–2 × 0.5–1.3 cm, distal pair slightly asymmetrical and larger than proximal pair, obcordate or spatulate, apex emarginate or rounded, base asymmetrical, chartaceous to papyraceous, discolored, green-dark, glossy and glabrous or puberulent on the adaxial surface, opaque green, pubescent and setulose-viscous on the abaxial surface; margin entire, revolute and ciliate; secondary veins 4–5 pairs, inconspicuous and imprinted on both sides. Leafy appendix inter-petioluleabsent. Racemes 2.5–6 cmlong, sessile, 4–15 flowers, congested, terminal, erect with straight axis, setulose-viscous and villous, including pedicel, external surface of bracts, bracteoles and sepals. Bracts 4–5 × 0.4–1 mm, lanceolate, persistent. Bracteoles 2–3 × 0.5 mm, lanceolate, persistent. Buds 0.8–1 × 0.6–0.7 cm, ellipsoid, apex obtuse and apiculate. Flowers 1.5–2.5 × 1.5–2.5 cm; pedicel 0.8–1.8 cmlong, straight and ascending even when fruited; sepals 1–1.2 × 0.3–0.4 mm, elliptical, apex acute, yellow-reddish externally; 4 flat, oboval or spatulate petals and 1 falcate-curled inner petal, 1.2–1.5 × 0.8–1.2 cm, yellow; stamens 10, 3–4 mmlong, anthers not barbulate; ovary 2.5–3 × 1.5 mm, setulose-viscous and puberulent; style 8–8.5 mmlong, curved in upper third, glabrous. Legumes 2.5–3 × 0.7–0.9 cm, linear-oblong, setulose-viscous and sparsely puberulent, dark brown. Seeds 4–6, 3–4 × 3.2–4 mm, obovoid, blackish.
Etymology:—epithet in reference to Chapada Diamantina, place of occurrence of the species.
Geographical distribution and habitat:—Endemic species from Chapada Diamantina, state of Bahia, where it is recorded in the municipalities of Mucugê and Lençóis (Fig. 38B), forming expressive populations (more than 20 mature individuals) growing in sandy soils, rock outcrops, from flat areas to slopes of hills in rupestrian fields between 900–1480 maltitude, where it stands out for the conspicuous appearance of clumps. Flowering and fruiting:—collected with flowers from February to November, both being more abundant from May to September.
Conservation status:— Chamaecrista chapadaehas its Extension of Occurrence estimated at 1,265.35 km 2, which allows us to classify it in the Endangered category (EN), criteria B (bi, iii, iv) and C. However, it grows in areas of difficult access (slopes of hills and rock outcrops), some of which are protected by law such as the Chapada Diamantina National Park, one of the main Conservation Units in the country.
Taxonomic history:—Species with a simple taxonomic history, as it was described by Irwin & Barneby in 1978 under the name Cassia chapadaeand transferred to the genus Chamaecristaby the same authors in 1982. Characterization and morphological relationships:— Chamaecrista chapadaeis easily recognizable by its subshrub with caespitose growth and by its discolored, obcordate or spatulate leaflets with an emarginate apex and a conspicuously revolute margin. Share with Ch. jacobinaethe growth aspect, the discolored leaflets and, in part, the same area of occurrence. However, Ch. jacobinaehave elliptical, oblong-elliptic or oboval leaflets with an obtuse or rounded apex and a flat or revolute margin near the base or apex; lax racemes (vs. congested in Ch. chapadae), buds with acuminate apex (vs. obtuse) and occurs in the northern portion of Chapada Diamantina around Jacobina and Morro do Chapéu.
Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Bahia: Abaíra, Cabeceira Riacho Fundo, atrás da Serra do Bicota, 13º23’00”S, 41º51’00”W, 1480m, 25 October 1993, (fr.), W . Ganev2305( UB); Ibicoara, Chapada Diamantina, Serrado Sincorá, 13°23’S, 41°13’’ W, 1000m, 18 July 2001, (fl., fr.), M . Araújo-Nóbrega354( SPF, UEC); Lençóis, entre Lençóise Palmeiras, 900m, 14 September 1956, (fl.), E . Pereira2038( F, IAC, UB); ib., Morro do Pai Inácio, junto a Torrede transmissão, 17 July 1982, (fl.), A. C . Sarmento672( CEN); ib., na base do Morro do Pai Inácio, ca, 26 km W da cidade, 1000m, 18 July 1985, (fl.), T. M . Ceratiet al. 297( SP); Mucugê, 4 km S. of Mucugê, on road from Cascavelby the Rio Cumbuca, 13°00’00’’S, 41°23’00’’W, 900m, 06 February 1974, (fl.), R. M . Harley16044( L/ U, NY); ib., margem da estrada Andaraí-Mucugê, estrada nova, a 13 kmde Mucugê, próximo a uma grande pedreira na margem esquerda, 21 July 1981, (fl., fr.), J. R . Piraniet al.s. n. ( UEC1355699); ib., Serra do Pinaalong Rio Preto NW of Mucugê, 900m, 23 July 1983, (fl., fr.), R . Kralet al. 72913( SP); ib., rodovia-Mucugê – Andaraíkm 9, 12º55’S, 41º21’W, 1050m, 06 September 1994, (fr.), G. P . Silvaet al. 2669( CEN); ib., Parque Nacional da Chapada Diamantina, Geraisdo rio Preto, 12°46’00’’S, 41°28’00’’W, 1336m, 19 June 2005, (fl.), D. Cardoso& A. A . Conceição596( NY); ib., sopé do morro próximo as residências a Wde Mucugê, 11 May 2017, (fl., fr.), A. O . Souzaet al. 2062, 2063, 2064( UB, UFG); ib., ca. 1 kmao sul de Mucugêem direção a BA-265 na estrada de chão a direita, 12°59’39.7”S, 41°23’1.5”W, 988m, 12 May 2017, (fl., fr.), A. O . Souzaet al. 2069( UB, UFG); Palmeiras, Serras dos Lençóis, middle and upper slopes of Pai Inácioca. 15km N. W. of Lençóis, just N. of the main Seabra-Itaberabaroad, 12°27’S, 41°28’W, 1000m, 24May 1980, (fl.), R. M . Harley22517( L/ U, NY, UEC); ib., Morro da Mãe Inácia, 12°27’00’’S, 14°28’00’’W, 07 September 2005, (fl., fr.), C. O . Cerqueira12( HUEFS).
1971-11-23
UB
H. S. Irwin & Harley & G. L. Smith
Brazil
1000
Serra da Agua de Rega
Iraquara
36
37
UB0037179
1
Bahia
holotype
1971-11-23
UB
H. S. Irwin & Harley & G. L. Smith
Brazil
1000
Serra da Agua de Rega
Iraquara
36
37
C10011952, F0057554F, GH00053149, K000056408, LE00006826, NY00003754, NY00003755, RB00545349, RB00539445, S-R-8794, UC1418643, US00001415
1
Bahia
isotype
1993-10-25
W
Abaira & Cabeceira Riacho Fundo
Brazil
1480
-13.383333
Serra do Bicota
21
-41.85
39
40
1
Bahia
UB, W
Ganev & Sincora
Brazil
-13.383333
Chapada
Ibicoara
39
40
1
Bahia
[369,758,230,256]
2001-07-18
M
Brazil
1000
39
40
1
Bahia
1956-09-14
SPF, UEC, E
Araujo-Nobrega
Brazil
Lencois
900
Palmeiras
Lencois
39
40
1
Bahia
1982-07-17
F, IAC, UB, A, C
Pereira
Brazil
Torre
Morro do Pai Inacio
39
40
1
Bahia
[547,1333,302,328]
CEN, W
Sarmento
Brazil
Morro do Pai Inacio
39
40
1
Bahia
1985-07-18
T, M
Brazil
1000
39
40
1
Bahia
[507,965,338,364]
SP, S
Cerati
Brazil
Mucuge
39
40
1
Bahia
1974-02-06
R, M
Cascavel
Brazil
900
-13.0
Rio Cumbuca
21
-41.383335
Mucuge
39
40
1
Bahia
1981-07-21
L, U, NY, J, R
Harley
Brazil
Mucuge
Andarai-Mucuge
39
40
1
Bahia
1983-07-23
R
Pirani
Brazil
900
Rio Preto
Serra do Pina
39
40
UEC1355699
1
Bahia
1994-09-06
SP, G, P
Kral
Brazil
1050
-12.916667
Andarai
1292
-41.35
39
40
1
Bahia
2005-06-19
CEN, A
Silva & D. Cardoso
Brazil
1336
-12.766666
rio Preto
21
-41.466667
Parque Nacional da Chapada
39
40
1
Bahia
2017-05-11
NY, W, A, O
Conceicao
Brazil
W de Mucuge
39
40
1
Bahia
2017-05-12
UB, UFG, A, O
Souza
Brazil
988
-12.994361
Mucuge
1
-41.38375
39
40
1
Bahia
UB, UFG, N, W
Souza & Serras dos Lencois & Pai Inacio
Brazil
Palmeiras
39
40
1
Bahia
[386,588,698,724]
N
Lencois
Brazil
39
40
1
Bahia
1980-05-24
R, M
Seabra-Itaberaba
Brazil
1000
-12.45
1293
-41.466667
39
40
1
Bahia
2005-09-07
L, U, NY, UEC, C, O
Harley
Brazil
-12.45
Morro da Mae Inacia
21
-14.466666
39
40
1
Bahia
[291,558,770,796]
HUEFS
Cerqueira
Brazil
39
40
1
Bahia