Cassia chapadae Irwin & Barneby (1978: 258) Taxonomic revision of Chamaecrista sect. Absus subsect. Absus (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae) with adjustments in the new classification Souza, Alessandro Oliveira De Cavalcante, Raphael Guarda Silva, Marcos José Da Phytotaxa 2022 2022-09-20 565 1 1 82 TJ8M (H. S. Irwin & Barneby) Irwin & Barneby (1982: 661) Irwin & Barneby 661 1982 H. S. Irwin & Barneby [163,1042,590,617] Magnoliopsida Fabaceae Chamaecrista Plantae Fabales 36 37 Tracheophyta species chapadae  ≡  Cassia chapadae Irwin & Barneby (1978: 258).  Type:—  BRAZIL. Bahia: Iraquara, Serra da Água de Rega, ±  26km North of Seabra road to Água de Rega, near Rio Riachão, ±  1000m,  23 November 1971, (fl.),  H.S.Irwin,  Harley & G.L. Smith30798( holotype UB0037179!,  isotypes C10011952!, F0057554F!, GH00053149!, K000056408!, LE00006826!, NY00003754!, NY00003755!, RB00545349!, RB00539445!, S-R-8794!, UC1418643!, US00001415!). (Figs. 17 and 18)  Subshrubs perennial, 30–50 cmtall, erect, cespitose. Root nodules absent. Branches blackish or brown when young, villosule and setulose-viscous, including stipules, petiole and rachis; non-exfoliating bark. Stipules 2–3 × 0.4–0.5 mm, lanceolate, persistent. Leaves alternate spiral, distributed above the middle of the stem, plagiotropic; petiole 0.5–1.1 cmlong; rachis 0.4–1 cmlong; leaflets 2 pairs, 0.6–2 × 0.5–1.3 cm, distal pair slightly asymmetrical and larger than proximal pair, obcordate or spatulate, apex emarginate or rounded, base asymmetrical, chartaceous to papyraceous, discolored, green-dark, glossy and glabrous or puberulent on the adaxial surface, opaque green, pubescent and setulose-viscous on the abaxial surface; margin entire, revolute and ciliate; secondary veins 4–5 pairs, inconspicuous and imprinted on both sides. Leafy appendix inter-petioluleabsent. Racemes 2.5–6 cmlong, sessile, 4–15 flowers, congested, terminal, erect with straight axis, setulose-viscous and villous, including pedicel, external surface of bracts, bracteoles and sepals. Bracts 4–5 × 0.4–1 mm, lanceolate, persistent. Bracteoles 2–3 × 0.5 mm, lanceolate, persistent. Buds 0.8–1 × 0.6–0.7 cm, ellipsoid, apex obtuse and apiculate. Flowers 1.5–2.5 × 1.5–2.5 cm; pedicel 0.8–1.8 cmlong, straight and ascending even when fruited; sepals 1–1.2 × 0.3–0.4 mm, elliptical, apex acute, yellow-reddish externally; 4 flat, oboval or spatulate petals and 1 falcate-curled inner petal, 1.2–1.5 × 0.8–1.2 cm, yellow; stamens 10, 3–4 mmlong, anthers not barbulate; ovary 2.5–3 × 1.5 mm, setulose-viscous and puberulent; style 8–8.5 mmlong, curved in upper third, glabrous. Legumes 2.5–3 × 0.7–0.9 cm, linear-oblong, setulose-viscous and sparsely puberulent, dark brown. Seeds 4–6, 3–4 × 3.2–4 mm, obovoid, blackish.    Etymology:—epithet in reference to Chapada Diamantina, place of occurrence of the species.   Geographical distribution and habitat:—Endemic species from Chapada Diamantina, state of Bahia, where it is recorded in the municipalities of Mucugê and Lençóis (Fig. 38B), forming expressive populations (more than 20 mature individuals) growing in sandy soils, rock outcrops, from flat areas to slopes of hills in rupestrian fields between 900–1480 maltitude, where it stands out for the conspicuous appearance of clumps.  Flowering and fruiting:—collected with flowers from February to November, both being more abundant from May to September.    Conservation status:— Chamaecrista chapadaehas its Extension of Occurrence estimated at 1,265.35 km 2, which allows us to classify it in the Endangered category (EN), criteria B (bi, iii, iv) and C. However, it grows in areas of difficult access (slopes of hills and rock outcrops), some of which are protected by law such as the Chapada Diamantina National Park, one of the main Conservation Units in the country.   Taxonomic history:—Species with a simple taxonomic history, as it was described by Irwin & Barneby in 1978 under the name  Cassia chapadaeand transferred to the genus  Chamaecristaby the same authors in 1982.   Characterization and morphological relationships:— Chamaecrista chapadaeis easily recognizable by its subshrub with caespitose growth and by its discolored, obcordate or spatulate leaflets with an emarginate apex and a conspicuously revolute margin. Share with  Ch. jacobinaethe growth aspect, the discolored leaflets and, in part, the same area of occurrence. However,  Ch. jacobinaehave elliptical, oblong-elliptic or oboval leaflets with an obtuse or rounded apex and a flat or revolute margin near the base or apex; lax racemes (vs. congested in  Ch. chapadae), buds with acuminate apex (vs. obtuse) and occurs in the northern portion of Chapada Diamantina around Jacobina and Morro do Chapéu.   Specimens examined:—  BRAZIL. Bahia: Abaíra, Cabeceira Riacho Fundo, atrás da Serra do Bicota, 13º23’00”S, 41º51’00”W,  1480m,  25 October 1993, (fr.),  W .   Ganev2305( UB); Ibicoara, Chapada Diamantina, Serrado Sincorá, 13°23’S, 41°13’’ W,   1000m,  18 July 2001, (fl., fr.),  M .   Araújo-Nóbrega354( SPF, UEC); Lençóis, entre Lençóise Palmeiras,  900m,  14 September 1956, (fl.),  E .   Pereira2038( F, IAC, UB); ib., Morro do Pai Inácio, junto a Torrede transmissão,  17 July 1982, (fl.),  A. C .   Sarmento672( CEN); ib., na base do Morro do Pai Inácio, ca, 26 km W da cidade,  1000m,  18 July 1985, (fl.),  T. M .   Ceratiet al. 297( SP); Mucugê, 4 km S. of Mucugê, on road from Cascavelby the Rio Cumbuca, 13°00’00’’S, 41°23’00’’W,  900m,  06 February 1974, (fl.),  R. M .   Harley16044( L/ U, NY); ib., margem da estrada Andaraí-Mucugê, estrada nova, a 13 kmde Mucugê, próximo a uma grande pedreira na margem esquerda,  21 July 1981, (fl., fr.),  J. R .   Piraniet al.s. n. ( UEC1355699); ib., Serra do Pinaalong Rio Preto NW of Mucugê,  900m,  23 July 1983, (fl., fr.),  R .   Kralet al. 72913( SP); ib., rodovia-Mucugê – Andaraíkm 9, 12º55’S, 41º21’W,  1050m,  06 September 1994, (fr.),  G. P .   Silvaet al. 2669( CEN); ib., Parque Nacional da Chapada Diamantina, Geraisdo rio Preto, 12°46’00’’S, 41°28’00’’W,  1336m,  19 June 2005, (fl.),  D. Cardoso& A. A .   Conceição596( NY); ib., sopé do morro próximo as residências a  Wde Mucugê,  11 May 2017, (fl., fr.),  A. O .   Souzaet al. 2062, 2063, 2064( UB, UFG); ib., ca. 1 kmao sul de Mucugêem direção a BA-265 na estrada de chão a direita, 12°59’39.7”S, 41°23’1.5”W,  988m,  12 May 2017, (fl., fr.),  A. O .   Souzaet al. 2069( UB, UFG); Palmeiras, Serras dos Lençóis, middle and upper slopes of Pai Inácioca. 15km N. W. of Lençóis, just N. of the main Seabra-Itaberabaroad, 12°27’S, 41°28’W,  1000m,  24May 1980, (fl.),  R. M .   Harley22517( L/ U, NY, UEC); ib., Morro da Mãe Inácia, 12°27’00’’S, 14°28’00’’W,  07 September 2005, (fl., fr.),  C. O .   Cerqueira12( HUEFS). 1971-11-23 UB H. S. Irwin & Harley & G. L. Smith Brazil 1000 Serra da Agua de Rega Iraquara 36 37 UB0037179 1 Bahia holotype 1971-11-23 UB H. S. Irwin & Harley & G. L. Smith Brazil 1000 Serra da Agua de Rega Iraquara 36 37 C10011952, F0057554F, GH00053149, K000056408, LE00006826, NY00003754, NY00003755, RB00545349, RB00539445, S-R-8794, UC1418643, US00001415 1 Bahia isotype 1993-10-25 W Abaira & Cabeceira Riacho Fundo Brazil 1480 -13.383333 Serra do Bicota 21 -41.85 39 40 1 Bahia UB, W Ganev & Sincora Brazil -13.383333 Chapada Ibicoara 39 40 1 Bahia [369,758,230,256] 2001-07-18 M Brazil 1000 39 40 1 Bahia 1956-09-14 SPF, UEC, E Araujo-Nobrega Brazil Lencois 900 Palmeiras Lencois 39 40 1 Bahia 1982-07-17 F, IAC, UB, A, C Pereira Brazil Torre Morro do Pai Inacio 39 40 1 Bahia [547,1333,302,328] CEN, W Sarmento Brazil Morro do Pai Inacio 39 40 1 Bahia 1985-07-18 T, M Brazil 1000 39 40 1 Bahia [507,965,338,364] SP, S Cerati Brazil Mucuge 39 40 1 Bahia 1974-02-06 R, M Cascavel Brazil 900 -13.0 Rio Cumbuca 21 -41.383335 Mucuge 39 40 1 Bahia 1981-07-21 L, U, NY, J, R Harley Brazil Mucuge Andarai-Mucuge 39 40 1 Bahia 1983-07-23 R Pirani Brazil 900 Rio Preto Serra do Pina 39 40 UEC1355699 1 Bahia 1994-09-06 SP, G, P Kral Brazil 1050 -12.916667 Andarai 1292 -41.35 39 40 1 Bahia 2005-06-19 CEN, A Silva & D. Cardoso Brazil 1336 -12.766666 rio Preto 21 -41.466667 Parque Nacional da Chapada 39 40 1 Bahia 2017-05-11 NY, W, A, O Conceicao Brazil W de Mucuge 39 40 1 Bahia 2017-05-12 UB, UFG, A, O Souza Brazil 988 -12.994361 Mucuge 1 -41.38375 39 40 1 Bahia UB, UFG, N, W Souza & Serras dos Lencois & Pai Inacio Brazil Palmeiras 39 40 1 Bahia [386,588,698,724] N Lencois Brazil 39 40 1 Bahia 1980-05-24 R, M Seabra-Itaberaba Brazil 1000 -12.45 1293 -41.466667 39 40 1 Bahia 2005-09-07 L, U, NY, UEC, C, O Harley Brazil -12.45 Morro da Mae Inacia 21 -14.466666 39 40 1 Bahia [291,558,770,796] HUEFS Cerqueira Brazil 39 40 1 Bahia