Mesothemis bicolor Hagen, 1861
Morphological variability and evaluation of taxonomic characters in the genus Erythemis Hagen, 1861 (Odonata: Libellulidae: Sympetrinae)
Rodríguez, Fredy Palacino
Sarmiento, Carlos E.
González-Soriano, Enrique
Insecta Mundi
2015
2015-07-10
2015
428
1
68
3BCGY
[192,487,1473,1498]
Insecta
Libellulidae
Erythemis
Animalia
Odonata
19
18
Arthropoda
species
mithroides
( Fig. 1a, 2a,b, 13, 18, 27, 34) Mesothemis mithroidesBrauer inTherese, 1900: 266, pl. 3, f 5.
Mesothemis bicolor Hagen, 1861::169. Misidentification.
TypeMaterial.Not examined.
Diagnosis.Thorax and dorsum of abdomen red or reddish-brown. Dark basal area on HW dark brown, and reaching beyond the MP crossvein, sometimes reaching the anal supplementary vein. Posterior extension of ventral teeth on male cercus about the same level as the apex of epiproct or less ( Fig. 13). Posterior lobe of the vesica spermalis is covered by lateral lobe, which extends more posteriorly than medial lobe. Hook bilobed, triangular, and not perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of vesica spermalis ( Fig. 18). Cornua diagonal with respect to vesica spermalis transversal axis, with lobes separate to apex, and covered by lateral lobes in lateral view ( Fig. 19). LclS4/lcaS4 <2.10; WmS2/LcaS5 <3. Morphometric ratios of males.Las/Anas<4.00; Acd/Lban<4.10; And/Lban<4.10; LHW/Acd<3.60; LHW/LFW>0.97; Las/Ddas<4.00;. LclS3/LcaS3<2.10; AnptHW/LoptHW<0.19; LHW/Lab<1.2; Lab/ LcaS3<3.00; LFW/Lnpt<3.00; Lba/Lban<2. Head.Ll: 0.0011 –0.0015mm(M). Lw: 0.0020 –0.0036mm(M). Hwd: 0.0061 –0.0068mm(M). Hl: 0.0031 –0.0037mm(M). Legs.Nsmf: 3–15 (M). Nshf: 7–32 (M). Hfl: 0.0056 –0.0063mm(M). Fbsd: 0.0020 –0.0025mm(M). Mfl: 0.0034 –0.0043mm(M). Dshf (the conditions separated by commas are present in different specimens): short spines-1 or 2 median spines-3 or 4 long spines, short spines-3 long spines. Wings.LoptFW: 0.0023 –0.0035mm(M). AnptFW: 0.004 –0.006mm(M). LoptHW: 0.0023 –0.0036mm(M). AnptHW: 0.005 –0.006mm(M). DfwHW: 0.005 –0.007mm(M). LbanFW: 14.60–18.56mm(M). LbanHW: 12.61–15.87mm(M). AndFW: 6.35–8.19mm(M). Wb: 8.77–11.41mm(M). LFW: 29.9–36.19mm(M). LHW: 29.33–35.94mm(M). AnsbtFW: 17.50–23.12μ (M). AntrFW: 6.25–8.75μ (M). Lar: 0.0006 – 0.0050mm(M). LnptFW: 10.91–12.38mm(M). LnptHW: 12.24–13.70mm(M). At-MP: 0.002 –0.005mm(M). LbaFW: 0.0027 –0.0030mm(M). LbaHW: 0.0027 –0.0031mm(M). RP2-loptFW: 0.00620 –0.00625mm(M). Dat-lsbt: 0.0006 –0.0018mm(M). Lasa-ca: 0.004 –0.008mm(M). Crp: 7. Cal: 3–6. PC-RA-RP1: 2–3. CdfFW: only 3 rows of cells. Vt: 1. Csub: 3. Abdomen.Lab: 24.00– 36.18mm(M); 21.00– 23.5 mm(F). LcaS3: 0.0008 –0.0013mm(M). LclS3: 0.0014 –0.0022(M). Lecv-clS3: 0.0013 –0.0015mm(M). Caudal appendages.Las: 0.0009 –0.0018mm(M). Poas: 0.002 –0.004mm(M). Anas: 0.002 –0.006mm(M). Ddas: 0.002 –0.005mm(M). Epl: 0.0008 –0.0014mm(M). Larva. Costa and Pujol-Luz (1993)described the ochre colored larva from Rio São João ( Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). According to Costa and Pujol-Luz (1993)the larva of E. mithroidesis the smallest of the genus. However, this proposal is hard to accept in view of E. credulahaving the smallest adults (J. De Marmels, pers. comm.). Likewise, Costa and Pujol-Luz (1993)provided the following diagnostic characters: larva ochre. Head wide. Incisors and molars obtuse, mandibular formula L 1234 abb’ R 123 +4 xy abd. Labrum with small dark spots, 13 premental setae, eight palpal setae, cercus exceeds between 2/3 up to half the length of epiproct. Outer margin of the palp with 13 small spines, inner margin slightly crenulated and presenting 24 large spines. Thorax with prothoracic apophyses. Supracoxa round, surrounded by spines. Wing sheaths reaching the level of the sixth abdominal segment, femur 1 and 2 with a distal dark brown circular band, the third pair of legs larger. Abdomen with the sixth segment widest. Epiproct triangular; paraproct pyramidal and divergent. Total length 11.25 mm; head length 3.7 mm; labial palp length 2 mm; prementum width 2,7 mm; teca anterior length 4.62 mm; teca posterior: 4.12 mm; femur I: 1.87 mm; Tibia 1: 2.5 mm; Femur 2: 2.75 mm; Tibia 2: 3.12 mm; Femur 3: 3.75 mm; Tibia 3: 5.12 mm; lab: 5.62 mm; epl: 0.8 mm; las: 0.5 mm; paraproct length 0.7 mm.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Amapá, Mazagão, Rio Purcacá, ii.1961, J.C.M. Carvalholeg., 1 male( MNRJ); Amazonas, Parintins, 18.i.1973, N. Tangerinileg., 2 females( MNRJ); Mato Grosso, Salobra, 05.vi.1942, C.I.O. Cruzleg., 1 female( MNRJ); same, but Entre Cuiabáe Guia, 15.iv.1963, N. Santos, Machadoleg., 1 female( MNRJ); same, but Manaus, km. 38, Eliasleg., xi.1959, 3 males, 1 female( MNRJ); Espírito Santo, Rib. Do Engano, Vale do Itaúna, Travassos Santos, 1 female( MNRJ); same, but Linhares, Estr.nova para Regênciakm. 7, 01-08.iv.1972, Elias, Pauloleg., 1 male, 3 females( MNRJ); same, but 22.i.1973, N. Santos, Sandim, Vicenteleg., 1 male( MNRJ); same, but Santa Tereza, Rio Timluci, Reserva do Museu Nacional, 15.i.1967, N. Santosleg., 1 male( MNRJ); Maranhão, Carutapera, 10.i.1959, C. Simões, O. Fontanaleg., 1 male( MNRJ); Minas Gerais, Januária, vii.1949, Machado, Berlaleg., 1 male( MNRJ); Pará, Belém, Jardim Museu Goeldi, 06.ii.1956, Candidoleg., 1 male( MNRJ); same data as before except collected on following dates: 04.viii.1959, 4 males; 1956, 1 male; São Paulo, Luis Antônio, Lagoa do Diogo, 14.i.2001, P.S.F. Peruquettileg., 1 male( MNRJ); same, but Luis Antônio, Represa Beija-Flor, 14.i.2001, P.S.F. Peruquettileg., 1 male( MNRJ); Semprocedência, 3 males, 4 females( MNRJ). COLOMBIA, Atlántico, Ciénaga La Larga, Palmar de Varela, 7.ii.2008, M. Loboy M. Morenoleg., 2 males( UARC); Bolívar, Regidor, Finca Las Brisas, Corredorde vegetación alrededor de caño, 8º 45’ 39.5”N 73º 52’ 02.2” W, i.2009, M. Morenoleg., 2 males( UARC); same, but Finca Las Pavasó Labrador, Bosque Montaña de Toronto, 8º 46’ 43.7 N 73º 54’ 53.8” W, i.2009, M. Morenoleg., 1 male( UARC); same, but Finca Puerto Libre, Bosque, 8º 46’ 4.4” N 73º 51’ 44.5 “ W, i.2009, M. Morenoleg., 1 male( UARC); same, but Santa Catalina, 8.x.1999, 1 male( ICN); same, but 3.x.1999, 1 male( ICN); Boyacá, Puerto Boyacá, 22.vi.1981, C. Bohórquezleg., 1 male( ICN); Córdoba, Pueblo Nuevo, 20.iii.2006, N.C. Rojasleg., 1 female( ICN). MEXICO, Jalisco, La Huerta. Estación de Biología Chamela, 1.xi.1994, E. González-Sorianoleg., 1 male( CNIN); Veracruz, pond 13 kmS of la Tinaja, 18°45’0” 96°26’24”, 90 m, 13.viii.1976, R. W. and J. A. Garrisonleg., 1 male( RWG); PERU, Dept. Loreto, Yarinacocha, forest pond at La Cabaña, 10.vii.1977, Dennis Paulsonleg., 1 male( RWG).
Remarks.We studied some large adult specimens from Mexicoand Guatemalalabeled as “new species”, but our analyses showed that these are only size variations of the species. A molecular analyses may help to clarify the identity of these specimens.
Biology. Erythemis mithroidesadults inhabits cane fields where they feed and males display interspecific aggression, especially in the presence of their own females (F. Palacino pers. obs.).
Distribution.From U.S.A.to Argentina( Fig. 34), between 4– 970 m.asl.
1961-02
MNRJ
J. C. M. Carvalho
Brazil
Rio Purcaca
Mazagao
20
19
1
1
Amapa
[375,1246,1441,1466]
1973-01-18
MNRJ
N. Tangerini
Brazil
Parintins
20
19
2
2
Amazonas
1942-06-05
MNRJ
C. I. O. Cruz
Brazil
Salobra
20
19
1
1
Mato Grosso
1963-04-15
MNRJ
N. Santos & Machado
Brazil
Guia
Entre Cuiaba
20
19
1
1
1959-11
MNRJ
Elias
Brazil
Manaus
20
19
4
1
3
[393,1435,1537,1562]
MNRJ
Travassos Santos
Brazil
Vale do Itauna
Rib. Do Engano
20
19
1
1
Espirito Santo
1972-04-01
1972-04-08
1972-04-01
MNRJ
Elias & Paulo
Brazil
Linhares
Regencia
Estr.
20
19
4
3
1
[306,1164,1602,1626]
1973-01-22
MNRJ
N. Santos & Sandim & Vicente
Brazil
20
19
1
1
1967-01-15
MNRJ
N. Santos
Brazil
Santa Tereza
Reserva do Museu Nacional
Rio Timluci
20
19
1
1
1959-01-10
MNRJ
C. Simoes & O. Fontana
Brazil
Carutapera
20
19
1
1
Maranhao
1949-07
MNRJ
Machado & Berla
Brazil
Januaria
20
19
1
1
Minas Gerais
1956-02-06
MNRJ
Candido
Brazil
Jardim Museu Goeldi
Belem
20
19
1
1
Para
[400,1359,1729,1754]
1959-08-04
MNRJ
Candido
Brazil
Jardim Museu Goeldi
Belem
20
19
4
4
Para
[291,1435,1761,1786]
2001-01-14
MNRJ
P. S. F. Peruquetti
Brazil
Lagoa do Diogo
Luis Antonio
20
19
1
1
Sao Paulo
[192,1320,1794,1818]
2001-01-14
MNRJ
P. S. F. Peruquetti
Brazil
Represa Beija-Flor
Luis Antonio
20
19
1
1
MNRJ
Brazil
Sem
20
19
7
4
3
2008-02-07
UARC
M. Lobo & M. Moreno
Colombia
Palmar de Varela
Cienaga La Larga
20
19
2
2
Atlantico
2009-01
UARC
M. Moreno
Colombia
Regidor
8.760972
Corredor
1
-73.86728
Finca Las Brisas
20
19
2
2
Bolivar
2009-01
UARC
M. Moreno
Colombia
Finca Las Pavas
8.778806
Bosque
1
-73.91495
Labrador
21
20
1
1
2009-01
UARC
M. Moreno
Colombia
8.767889
Bosque
1
-73.86236
Finca Puerto Libre
21
20
1
1
[689,1305,258,282]
1999-10-08
ICN
Colombia
Santa Catalina
21
20
1
1
1999-10-03
ICN
Colombia
21
20
1
1
[477,1304,289,314]
1981-06-22
ICN
C. Bohorquez
Colombia
Puerto Boyaca
21
20
1
1
Boyaca
2006-03-20
ICN
N. C. Rojas
Colombia
Pueblo Nuevo
21
20
1
1
Cordoba
1994-11-01
CNIN
E. Gonzalez-Soriano
Mexico
La Huerta. Estacion de Biologia Chamela
21
20
1
1
Jalisco
1976-08-13
RWG
la Tinaja & R. W. and J. A. Garrison
Mexico
90
Veracruz
21
20
1
1
Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave
1977-07-10
RWG
La Cabana & Dennis Paulson
Peru
Yarinacocha
Dept.
21
20
1
1
Loreto