Actenodia schultzei Pic, 1908 Actenodia discrepans Péringuey, 1909 Actenodia multimaculata Pic, 1932 Actenodia mirabilis Kaszab, 1952 Meloidae of Namibia (Coleoptera): taxonomy and faunistics with biogeographic and ecological notes Bologna, Marco A. Amore, Valentina Pitzalis, Monica Zootaxa 2018 2018-01-16 4373 1 1 141 Laporte de Castelnau, 1840 Laporte de Castelnau 1840 [238,711,762,788] Insecta Meloidae Actenodia GBIF Animalia Coleoptera 39 40 Arthropoda genus  The two Namibian species belong to very distinct groups:   A. chrysomelinato a group which includes five species distributed from Ethiopiato  SouthAfricaand  Namibia;   A. mirabilisrefers to a greatly distinct monotypic group, distributed only in the Succulent Karoo desert of both SW  Namibia(Diamond area) and northwestern  SouthAfrica(Richtersveld).   Actenodia chrysomelina(Erichson, 1843)( Fig. 2T)   Mylabris (Actenodia) chrysomelinaErichson, 1843  Actenodia wahlbergiFåhraeus, 1870    Actenodia schultzei Pic, 1908   Actenodia discrepans Péringuey, 1909  Actenodia multimaculataPic, 1932   Distribution. Angola, Botswana, Mozambique,  Namibia, and northern  SouthAfrica.     Materialexamined and literature records(all the following Namibianrecords were cited by Bologna et al.2008). [ Kunene] Epupa: Okakatuwo, 17.4000°S 12.7333°E( SMWN); Hippo Pool on  Kunene River  20 kmW of Ruacana, 17.4092°S 14.2185°E(CB); Okakatuwo, 17.4500°S 12.7000°E (SMWN).  Opuwo: Opuwo town, 18.0500°S 13.8333°E(CB);  6 kmNE Orumana, 18.2167°S 13.9500°E( SMWN); C35, Kamanjab-Ruacana 46 kmS of cross-road for Opuwo, 18.3280°S 14.3035°E(CB); Okumutati, 18.8667°S 14.3500°E (SMWN); C35, Kamanjab-Ruacana, 18.9027°S 14.3903°E(CB). Sesfontein: Warmquelle, 19.1833°S 13.8167°E (SMWN); D2650, near Kamanjab, 19.8087°S 14.5128°E(CB). Kamanjab: Beulah256, 19.6000°S 14.9167°E (SMWN);  Kamanjab, 19.6333°S 14.8333°E( SMWN); C40, 26 km E Kamanjab, 19.6957°S 15.1046°E(CB); Outjo- Kamanjab,  95 kmN of Outjo, 19.8040°S 15.3290°E (CB); Otjitambi, 19.8167°S 15.1667°E (SMWN); C39, 25 km E Khorixas,  20.3061°S 15.1867°E(CB). [ Omusati] Ruacana: C46, Ruacana Falls,  17.4000°S 14.2833°E(CB); outside Ruacana Town, 17.4500°S 14.3667°E (SMWN);  Ekango, 18.6833°S 14.3167°E( SMWN). Outapi: Mahanene Agric.  Research Station, 17.4333°S 14.7833°E( SMWN). Ogongo: C46, Ruacana-Oshakati  5 kmE of Ombalantu(= Uutapi), 17.5405°S 15.0403°E (CB); Ogongo Agric. College,  17.6833°S 15.2833°E( SMWN). Elim: C46, near Uutapi,  15 kmNW Oshakatioad,  17.6833°S 15.5167°E(CB). Etayi: C46, Ruacana-Oshakati,  20 kmW of Oshakati,  17.6937°S 15.5476°E(CB). Okahao: C35, Kamanjab-Ruacana,  25 kmNW of Kamanjab, 18.4775°S 14.6977°E (CB); Etosha N.P., site 5/Row D,  18.9797°S 15.1128°E( SMWN); C35, Kamanjab-Ruacana  77 kmNW of Kamanjab,  19.2528°S 14.4442°E(CB). [ Oshana] Okatana: D3609, Oshakati-Ongenga 3 kmN of jct. with C46,  17.7377°S 15.6727°E(CB). [ Kavango] Kapako: Fontein Omuramba, 17.8833°S 19.7000°E (SMWN).  Rundu Rural: Rundu, 17.9333°S 19.7667°E(CB);  WestOkawango, 18.50°S 19.50°E( SMWN).  Mukwe: Shadikongoro, 18.0167°S 21.3667°E( SMWN). [  Caprivi] Linyandi:  100 kmSW Katima Mulilo,  17.6082°S 24.2324°E(CP). [ Oshikoto] Oniipa: B1, 20 km SE Ondangwaroad),  17.9833°S 16.1333°E(CB). [ Onayena]: B1, Ondangwa- Tsumeb  26 kmSE of Ondangwa, 18.0402°S 16.2037°E (CB). Omuthiyagwiipundi: Okashana Agric. Exper. Sta., 18.4167°S 16.65°E (SMWN); 30 kmE Etosha N.P., Mokuti Lodge,  18.8000°S 17.0333°E(CB). [ Otjozondjupa] Tsumkwe: C44, 52 km jct. B8, 19.2428°S 19.0481°E (CB); Dobe, 19.4167°S 20.6000°E (SMWN);  Bakarapan, 19.6500°S 20.7833°E( SMWN);  10 kmSE Tsumkwe, 19.6833°S 20.6167°E( SMWN);  3 kmW Kuru, 19.933°S 20.6330°E( SMWN).  Otavi: Dakota424, 19.4941°S 17.1287°E( SMWN).  Okakarara: Okakarara, 20.5833°S 17.4333°E( SMWN).  Omatako: Hamakari Sud373, 20.6667°S 17.3833°E( SMWN); Hamakari Sud285, 20.6667°S 17.4000°E( SMWN); B1, 28 km S Otjiwarongo, 20.6806°S 16.7787°E(CB);  100 kmN Okahandja,  21.0920°S 16.8280°E(CP); D2414, Etjo-Kalkfeld  38 kmSE of Kalkfeld,  21.1288°S 16.3883°E(CB). Otjiwarongo: C63, Outjo-Kalkfeld  15 kmN of Kalkfeld, 20.7537°S 16.2210°E (CB). Okahandja: B2, Okahandja 35 kmW, 21.9340°S 16.5563°E (CB); Okahandja, 21.9833°S 16.9167°E (CP; SMWN); Gross Barmen,  22.1000°S 16.7500°E(CP). [ Erongo] Omaruru: C33, 6 km S Omaruru,  21.4824°S 15.9508°E(CB); C33, 3– 9 kmS of Omaruru,  21.4948°S 15.9705°E(CB).[ Khomas] Windhoek Rural: Hochberg158, 21.9167°S 17.7167°E (SMWN);  Excelsior286, 22.4500°S 17.6333°E( SMWN);  Daan Park, 22.5333°S 16.9667°E(CP); Richthofen126. 22.5667°S 17.7500°E (SMWN);  Arnhem222, 22.7000°S 18.1167°E( SMWN); C23, 26 km S Dordabis,  23.0575°S 17.9329°E(CB). [ Omaheke] Steinhausen: Gobabis, C22, 23 km jct. B6, 22.2533°S 18.9966°E (CB); Geiersberg, Omitara 109, 22.3213°S 18.0331°E (SMWN). Kalahari: Gobabis, C22, 12 km N jct. B6,  22.3613°S 19.0034°E(CB); C20, Gobabis-Leonardville  16 kmS of Gobabis, 22.9500°S 18.9422°E (CB). Gobabis: Gobabis, C22, 2 km N jct. B6,  22.4205°S 19.0037°E(CB); C20, Gobabis-Leonardville  69 kmS of Gobabis,  22.9725°S 18.7375°E(CB); C20, Gobabis-Leonardville  10 kmN of Aais, 22.9742°S 18.7280°E (CB);  10 kmE Witvlei, 22.4826°S 18.4939°E( AMNH).  Aminius: C20, Gobabis-Leonardville  5 kmS of Aais, 23.2593°S 18.7237°E(CB). [ Hardap] Mariental Rural: Gobabis, Aranoss, 24.1333°S 19.1167°E (CP); Haruchas 156, 24.9500°S 18.8500°E (SMWN). Gibeon: C14, 1 km W Maltahöhe,  24.8589°S 16.9751°E(CB).[ Karas] Keetmanshoop Rural: Wildheim Ost384, 26.4833°S 19.5667°E (SMWN);  Karasdistr., 27.1352°S 19.4941°E(CB). Berseba: B4, 73 km W Keetmanshoop, 26.7809°S 17.4657°E (CB).  Other records: W Okavango (SMWN); Damaraland ( Kaszab 1956, as ab. anticetripunctataand ab. erikssoni); Namib Sand Sea desert ( Seely 2012); SW Africa (SMWN); Namibia( Bologna 2000a; Pitzalis et al.2014).   Remarks.The holotypeof this species was examined at MNB. As pointed out by Bologna et al.(2008a), the elytral pattern and the antennal colour (from completely black to redorange) of this species are very variable, and consequently numerous synonyms have been described.    Actenodia mirabilis Kaszab, 1952( Fig. 2U)   Distribution.  Namibia(new species for this country) and northwestern  SouthAfrica.     Materialexamined and literature records(all the following Namibianrecords were cited by Bologna et al.2008). [ Karas] Lüderitz: Sargdeckel, Klinghardt Mts., Diamond Area 1, 27.3255°S 15.7498°E( SAMC);  Sargdeckel, Klinghardt Mts., 27.3300°S 15.7500°E( SMWN);  Klinghardt Mts., Diamond Area1, 27.3500°S 15.7000°E( SMWN);  Sargdeckel, Klinghardt Mts., Diamond Area1, 27.4000°S 15.6833°E( SMWN);  Obibdunes N, 27.9833°S 16.5500°E( SMWN);  Obibdunes E, 28.0333°S 16.6167°E( SMWN);  Obibdunes, Diamand Area, 28.1500°S 16.6500°E( SMWN);  Obibdunes, Diamond Area, 28.1667°S 16.6833°E( SMWN).  Oranjemund: Obibdunes, Diamand Area, 27.8833°S 16.5333°E( SMWN);  10 kmNW Rosh Pinah, 27.9000°S 16.7000°E( SMWN);  Obib Mts./dunes, Diamond Area, 28.0833°S 16.7500°E( SMWN);  Obibdunes S, 28.1667°S 16.8000°E( SMWN);  Daberas Gate, 8 kmE, Diamond Area1, 28.5500°S 16.5000°E( SMWN).  Other records. Namib Sand Sea desert ( Seely 2012). We examined also one specimen from Keetmanshoop ( ix.1925: AMNH). Being this species strictly related to Succulent Karoo, probably this old record refers generically to the Ketmanshoop district more than to the town, which is positioned in the Nama Karoo ecosystem.   Remarks.The holotypeand two paratypesof this species were examined at NHP. The maintenance of this very distinct species in the genus needs support by molecular analyses. 1803233930 SMWN Material -17.4 Bologna 7 12.7333 Namibian 39 40 1 Kunene 1803233886 Okakatuwo -17.4092 20 km W of Ruacana 7 14.2185 39 40 1 Kunene River 1803233872 -18.05 Opuwo town 7 13.8333 Opuwo 39 40 1 Kunene River 1803233875 [474,1064,1598,1623] SMWN -18.2167 Orumana 7 13.95 39 40 1 Kunene River 1803233915 Okumutati -18.328 Opuwo 7 14.3035 Kamanjab-Ruacana 39 40 1 Kunene River 1803233878 Sesfontein & Warmquelle -18.9027 Kamanjab-Ruacana 7 14.3903 39 40 1 Kunene River 1803233835 [151,1046,1706,1731] Kamanjab & Beulah -19.8087 Kamanjab 7 14.5128 39 40 1 Kunene River 1803233865 [151,665,1742,1767] SMWN -19.6333 Kamanjab 7 14.8333 39 40 1 Kunene River 1803233964 E Kamanjab & Kamanjab -19.6957 95 km N of Outjo 7 15.1046 39 40 1 Kunene River 1803233945 [299,1099,1814,1839] Ruacana -20.3061 Ruacana Falls 7 15.1867 39 40 1 Omusati 1803233997 -17.4 Ruacana Town 7 14.2833 39 40 1 Omusati 1803233876 SMWN Outapi -18.6833 Ekango 7 14.3167 39 40 1 Omusati 1803233880 SMWN Ogongo & Ruacana-Oshakati & Uutapi -17.4333 Research Station 7 14.7833 39 40 1 Omusati 1803233982 SMWN Elim & Uutapi -17.6833 15 km NW Oshakatioad 7 15.2833 39 40 1 Omusati 1803233873 Etayi & Ruacana-Oshakati -17.6833 20 km W of Oshakati 7 15.5167 39 40 1 Omusati 1803233952 [297,1306,1994,2019] Okahao & Kamanjab-Ruacana -17.6937 25 km NW of Kamanjab 7 15.5476 39 40 1 Omusati 1803233836 SMWN Kamanjab-Ruacana -18.9797 77 km NW of Kamanjab 7 15.1128 40 41 1 Omusati 1803233847 [311,1432,188,213] Okatana & Oshakati-Ongenga -19.2528 Oshana 7 14.4442 40 41 1 Oshana 1803233901 [151,957,223,248] Kapako & Fontein Omuramba -17.7377 Kavango 7 15.6727 40 41 1 Kavango 1803233920 -17.9333 Rundu 7 19.7667 Rundu Rural 40 41 1 Kavango 1803233857 [648,1157,260,285] SMWN -18.5 West 765 19.5 40 41 1 West 1803233881 SMWN Caprivi & Linyandi -18.0167 Shadikongoro 7 21.3667 Mukwe 40 41 1 Caprivi 1803233972 Oniipa & SE Ondangwaroad -17.6082 Oshikoto 7 24.2324 40 41 1 Oshikoto 1803233940 Onayena & Tsumeb -17.9833 26 km SE of Ondangwa 7 16.1333 40 41 1 Oshikoto 1803233948 Tsumkwe -18.8 Otjozondjupa 7 17.0333 40 41 1 Otjozondjupa 1803233841 SMWN -19.65 Bakara 7 20.7833 40 41 1 Otjozondjupa 1803233934 [529,1142,476,501] SMWN -19.6833 Tsumkwe 7 20.6167 40 41 1 Otjozondjupa 1803233890 SMWN -19.933 Kuru 55 20.633 40 41 1 Otjozondjupa 1803234000 [410,1026,511,536] SMWN -19.4941 Dakota 7 17.1287 Otavi 40 41 1 Otjozondjupa 1803233899 SMWN -20.5833 Okakarara 7 17.4333 Okakarara 40 41 1 Otjozondjupa 1803233953 [417,1178,548,573] SMWN -20.6667 Omatako 7 17.3833 40 41 1 Sud 1803233907 SMWN -20.6667 Sud 7 17.4 40 41 1 Sud 1803233896 [531,1432,583,608] -20.6806 Otjiwarongo 7 16.7787 40 41 1 Sud 1803233910 [151,1075,620,645] Etjo-Kalkfeld -21.092 38 km SE of Kalkfeld 7 16.828 40 41 1 Sud 1803233900 Otjiwarongo & Outjo-Kalkfeld -21.1288 15 km N of Kalkfeld 7 16.3883 40 41 1 Sud 1803233897 Omaruru & S Omaruru -22.1 Erongo 7 16.75 40 41 1 Erongo 1803233941 -21.4824 Omaruru 7 15.9508 40 41 1 Erongo 1803233991 [266,1060,764,789] Windhoek Rural & Hochberg -21.4948 Khomas 7 15.9705 40 41 1 Khomas 1803234002 [151,722,799,824] SMWN -22.45 Excelsior 7 17.6333 40 41 1 Khomas 1803233976 [743,1432,799,824] Richthofen -22.5333 Daan Park 7 16.9667 40 41 1 Khomas 1803233927 [521,1308,836,861] SMWN S Dordabis -22.7 Arnhem 7 18.1167 40 41 1 Khomas 1803233874 Steinhausen & Gobabis, C -23.0575 Omaheke 7 17.9329 40 41 1 Omaheke 1803234014 Gobabis-Leonardville -22.3613 16 km S of Gobabis 7 19.0034 40 41 1 Omaheke 1803233965 [278,1173,980,1005] Gobabis-Leonardville -22.4205 69 km S of Gobabis 7 19.0037 40 41 1 Omaheke 1803233944 Gobabis-Leonardville -22.9725 10 km N of Aais 7 18.7375 40 41 1 Omaheke 1803233956 AMNH -22.4826 Witvlei 7 18.4939 40 41 1 Omaheke 1803233922 Mariental Rural -23.2593 Gobabis-Leonardville 7 18.7237 Aminius 40 41 1 Hardap 1803234027 [552,1432,1124,1149] Keetmanshoop Rural & Wildheim Ost -24.8589 Karas 7 16.9751 40 41 1 Karas 1803233932 [525,1432,1159,1184] Berseba & W Keetmanshoop -27.1352 Karas 6 19.4941 40 41 1 Karas 1803233871 SAMC Material -27.3255 Bologna 6 15.7498 Namibian 40 41 1 Karas 1803233906 [151,875,1663,1688] SMWN -27.33 Klinghardt Mts. 6 15.75 Sargdeckel 40 41 1 Karas 1803233921 SMWN -27.35 Diamond Area 6 15.7 Klinghardt Mts. 40 41 1 Karas 1803233868 [399,1296,1700,1725] SMWN Sargdeckel -27.4 Diamond Area 6 15.6833 Klinghardt Mts. 40 41 1 Karas 1803233987 SMWN -27.9833 Obib 6 16.55 40 41 1 Karas 1803233925 [565,1103,1735,1760] SMWN -28.0333 Obib 6 16.6167 40 41 1 Karas 1803233974 SMWN -28.15 Diamand Area 6 16.65 Obib 40 41 1 Karas 1803233863 [525,1213,1772,1797] SMWN -28.1667 Diamond Area 6 16.6833 Obib 40 41 1 Karas 1803233977 SMWN Oranjemund -27.8833 Diamand Area 6 16.5333 Obib 40 41 1 Karas 1803233909 [788,1432,1807,1832] SMWN -27.9 Rosh Pinah 6 16.7 40 41 1 Karas 1803234012 [151,894,1844,1869] SMWN -28.0833 Diamond Area 6 16.75 Obib Mts. 40 41 1 Karas 1803233999 [905,1432,1844,1869] SMWN -28.1667 Obib 6 16.8 40 41 1 Karas 1803233928 [151,973,1879,1904] SMWN -28.55 Diamond Area 6 16.5 Daberas Gate 40 41 1 Karas