Lasioglossum (Dialictus) zephyrus ( Smith, 1853 )

Gardner, Joel & Gibbs, Jason, 2020, The ‘ red-tailed’ Lasioglossum (Dialictus) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) of the western Nearctic, European Journal of Taxonomy 725, pp. 1-242 : 204-207

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2020.725.1167

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:89FA8DDF-F4B9-417A-A5AF-B2BC9660E024

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4337898

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F287F3-2186-FF28-8AF5-FBCA340DFD49

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Lasioglossum (Dialictus) zephyrus ( Smith, 1853 )
status

 

Lasioglossum (Dialictus) zephyrus ( Smith, 1853)

Figs 89 View Fig , 90Q View Fig , 116A View Fig

Halictus Zephyrus Smith, 1853: 68 View in CoL (holotype, ♂, deposited in NHMUK).

Halictus (Chloralictus) academicus Sandhouse, 1924: 12 (holotype, ♀, deposited in USNM, examined; synonymy by Gibbs 2010).

Halictus (Chloralictus) vintonensis Sandhouse, 1924: 22 (holotype, ♀, deposited in USNM, examined; synonymy with academicus by Michener 1951, with zephyrus by Gibbs 2010).

Halictus zephyrus – Robertson 1895: 117 (female description). — Cockerell 1905: 352 (redescription).

Chloralictus zephyrus – Robertson 1902: 248 (key).

Halictus (Chloralictus) zephyrus – Viereck et al. 1916: 706 (key). — Sandhouse 1924: 6 (key).

Lasioglossum (Chloralictus) academicum View in CoL – Michener 1951: 1111 (catalog).

Lasioglossum (Chloralictus) zephyrus – Michener 1951: 1118 (catalog).

Dialictus zephyrus – Mitchell 1960: 431, figs 101–102 (key, redescription). — Hurd 1979: 1973 (catalog). — Moure & Hurd 1987: 140 (catalog).

Lasioglossum (Dialictus) zephyrum View in CoL (incorrect subsequent spelling) – Batra 1964 (biology); 1965 (associates); 1966 (biology). — Krombein 1967: 467 (catalog). — Michener et al. 1971a (biology); 1971b (biology). — Michener 1974 (biology); 1990 (biology). — Wolf & Ascher 2009: 144 (checklist). — Gibbs 2010: 362, figs 242a–e, 243a–f (key, redescription); 2011: 211 (key). — Scott et al. 2011: 32 (checklist). — Dibble et al. 2017: 14 (checklist). — Gibbs et al. 2017: 88 (checklist).

Dialictus academicus – Hurd 1979: 1963 (catalog). — Moure & Hurd 1987: 87 (catalog).

Evylaeus zephyrus – Pesenko et al. 2000: 42 (review).

Lasioglossum zephyrum View in CoL – Donovall & van Engeldorp 2010: 18 (checklist).

Diagnosis

Females of Lasioglossum zephyrus can be recognized by the metapostnotum smooth with rugae reaching about halfway to the posterior margin, acarinarial fan dense and often complete, mesosoma with fine and often sparse punctures (i=1–2 pd), metasoma mostly dark and often with metallic green terga, head often large with gena much broader than eye and ocelloccipital distance equal to or greater than interocellar distance, and pronotal ridge absent. They are most similar to L. kunzei and L. semibrunneum . Both of these species have the pronotal ridge carinate, acarinarial fan sparse, mesosoma very sparsely punctate (i=1–6 pd), and gena sometimes with a ventral tubercle.

Males of L. zephyrus can be recognized by the propodeum dorsolateral slope rugose and lateral face smooth and tessellate, mesosoma with fine and often sparse punctures (i=1–2 pd), paraocular area with dense tomentum, T2–5 with at least some tomentum, flagellomeres relatively long (F2 about 2 times as long as F1 and 1.75 times as long as broad), and pronotal ridge absent. They are most similar to L. testaceum , L. pictum , L. arenisaltans sp. nov., L. kunzei , and L. semibrunneum . Males of L. testaceum can be separated by the characters given in the key. Males of L. pictum and L. arenisaltans sp. nov. have the propodeum lateral face rugulose and mesosoma with larger and denser punctures (i =1–2 pd). Males of L. kunzei and L. semibrunneum have the pronotal ridge carinate, flagellomeres relatively short (F2 about 1.3 times as long as F1 and 1.25 times as long as broad), and propodeum dorsolateral slope smooth and shiny.

Etymology

It is evident from his capitalization that Smith (1853) named this species after Zephyrus, the Greek god of the west wind. As a noun, it is not declinable to zephyrum , in contrast with common past usage ( Batra 1964, 1965, 1966; Michener et al. 1971a, 1971b; Michener 1974, 1990; Wolf & Ascher 2009; Scott et al. 2011; Gibbs 2010, 2011; Dibble et al. 2017; Gibbs et al. 2017). It has almost universally been spelled zephyrum in combination with Lasioglossum with the exception of Michener (1951).

Material examined

Holotype

UNITED STATES – Florida • ♂; St. John’s Bluff ; [30.38° N, 81.5° W]; E. Doubleday leg.; NHMUK. GoogleMaps

Other material

CANADA – Manitoba • 1 ♀; Carberry Sandhills 24 km S of Carberry; 49.4° N, 99.16° W; 340 m a.s.l.; 7 Aug. 2011; R.E. Wrigley leg.; WRME GoogleMaps .

UNITED STATES – California • 1 ♂; Alameda ; [37.78° N, 122.28° W]; Apr. 1937; BBSL GoogleMaps . – Colorado • 6 ♀♀; Douglas Co., 3 mi. SSW of Nighthawk; 39.332° N, 105.1804° W; 1951 m a.s.l.; 13 Jul. 2000; A.L. Hicks and Virginia Scott leg.; UCMC GoogleMaps 1 ♀; Mesa Co., Colorado National Monument near Visitors Center; [39.101° N, 108.735° W]; 1737 m a.s.l.; 10 May 1988; U. Lanham and M. Weissman leg.; ex Lepidium ; UCMC GoogleMaps 1 ♀; Otero Co., Rocky Ford ; [38.05° N, 103.72° W]; 27 Jul. 1971; J. W. Brewer leg.; ex Citrullus lanatus ; MTEC GoogleMaps 1 ♀; Boulder ; [40.02° N, 105.27° W]; 14 May; Irene Bleasdale leg.; USNM GoogleMaps 2 ♂♂; Garden of the Gods ; [38.88° N, 104.88° W]; 19 Aug. 1962; R.M. Bohart leg.; UCDC GoogleMaps . – Idaho • 1 ♂; Ada Co., Boise ; [43.62° N, 116.2° W]; 16 Aug. 1969; Carol Musgrave leg.; NMSU GoogleMaps 5 ♂♂; Idaho Falls , Ammon Sand Hills ; [43.43° N, 111.91° W]; 28 Aug. 1935; H.S. Telford leg.; UMSP GoogleMaps . – Illinois • 1 ♂; Scott Co., Bluffs ; [39.75° N, 90.54° W]; 29 Aug. 1951; A.T. McClay leg.; UCDC GoogleMaps . – Iowa • 1 ♀; Vinton ; [42.16° N, 92.02° W]; 23 Jun. 1922; Sandhouse leg.; USNM GoogleMaps . – Kansas • 1 ♀; Decatur Co., 1 mi. E of Oberlin State Lake ; [39.83° N, 100.46° W]; 27 Jun. 1963; N. Marston leg.; AMNH GoogleMaps 1 ♂; Douglas Co., Lawrence ; [38.97° N, 95.24° W]; 23 Sep. 1952; R.R. Snelling leg.; LACM GoogleMaps 1 ♂; Blue Rapids ; [39.68° N, 96.66° W]; 2 Oct. 1917; Edna M. Stevens leg.; ex Ageratum altissima ; AMNH GoogleMaps . – Michigan • 1 ♀; Allegan Co., Trevor Nichol Res. Ctr. ; 42.5993° N, 86.1575° W; 12–23 May 2016; J. Gibbs leg.; WRME GoogleMaps 1 ♀; Allegan Co., Trevor Nichol Res. Ctr. ; 42.6° N, 86.155° W; 24–28 May 2015; J. Gibbs and Y. Nozoe leg.; WRME GoogleMaps 1 ♀; same location as for preceding; 28 May–5 Jun. 2015; J. Gibbs and Y. Nozoe leg.; WRME GoogleMaps 1 ♂; same location as for preceding; 26 Aug.–17 Sep. 2016; Gibbs and Nozoe leg.; WRME GoogleMaps 1 ♀; Ingham Co., Harrison Mds. Pk. ; 42.765° N, 84.494° W; 2 May 2015; Gibbs and Nozoe leg.; WRME GoogleMaps 5 ♂♂; Van Buren Co., 4 km SE of Covert; 42.263° N, 86.229° W; 31 Jul. 2015; J. Gibbs leg.; WRME GoogleMaps . – Minnesota • 1 ♀; Ramsey Co., Battle Creek Reg. Park ; 44.9346° N, 93.0141° W; 289 m a.s.l.; 10 Jun. 2015; J. Gardner leg.; ex Cornus sericea ; UMSP GoogleMaps 1 ♀; Ramsey Co., Battle Creek Reg. Park ; 44.9384° N, 92.9933° W; 295 m a.s.l.; 11 Aug. 2015; J. Gardner leg.; UMSP GoogleMaps 1 ♀; Washington Co., Belwin Conservancy ; 44.9444° N, 92.8169° W; 219 m a.s.l.; 9 Jun. 2015; E. Evans leg.; ex Zizea aurea ; UMSP GoogleMaps . – Missouri • 1 ♀; Boone Co., 12 mi. SW of Columbia; [38.83° N, 92.49° W]; 24 Apr. 1966; F.D. Parker leg.; UCDC GoogleMaps . – Montana • 1 ♀; Cascade Co., Cascade ; [47.27° N, 111.7° W]; 24 Jun. 1954; R.C. Froeschner leg.; MTEC GoogleMaps 1 ♀; Gallatin Co., Gallatin Grown ; 45.7713° N, 111.2953° W; 30 Aug. 2013; C.M. Delphia leg.; ex Cucurbita ; MTEC GoogleMaps 1 ♀; same location as for preceding; 22 Aug. 2013; C.M. Delphia leg.; ex Helianthus ; MTEC GoogleMaps 1 ♂; same location as for preceding; 11 Sep. 2013; C.M. Delphia leg.; ex Cucurbita ; MTEC GoogleMaps 1 ♀; same location as for preceding; 11 Sep. 2013; C.M. Delphia leg.; MTEC GoogleMaps 1 ♀; Gallatin Co.; 21 May 1953; Student leg.; MTEC . – Nebraska • 1 ♂; 1 mi. E of Ravenna; [41.03° N, 98.89° W]; 24 Aug. 1958; Atyeo and Andresen leg.; UNSM GoogleMaps 1 ♀, 1 ♂; Franklin ; [40.1° N, 98.95° W]; 10 Aug. 1960; W.F. Rapp leg.; UNSM GoogleMaps 1 ♀; Lincoln ; [40.81° N, 96.7° W]; 31 Jul. 1948; R.A. Larkin leg.; ex Medicago sativa ; UNSM GoogleMaps 1 ♀; same location as for preceding; 3 Jul. 1948; R.A. Larkin leg.; ex Medicago sativa ; UNSM GoogleMaps 1 ♀; McCool ; [40.74° N, 97.6° W]; 29 Aug. 1940; H.E. Milliron leg.; UMSP GoogleMaps 2 ♂♂; Naponee ; [40.08° N, 99.14° W]; 10 Aug. 1960; W.F. Rapp leg.; UNSM GoogleMaps . – South Dakota • 1 ♂; Vermillion ; [42.78° N, 96.93° W]; 23 Sep. 1962; D. Johnson leg.; BBSL GoogleMaps . – Utah • 3 ♂♂; Utah Co., Provo ; [40.23° N, 111.66° W]; 21 Aug. 1985; M. Khider leg.; BBSL GoogleMaps 1 ♂; same location as for preceding; 4–11 Sep. 1985; BBSL GoogleMaps 1 ♂; Farmington ; [40.98° N, 111.89° W]; Jun. year unknown; G.S. Bohart leg.; BBSL GoogleMaps 1 ♀; Harrisville ; [41.28° N, 111.99° W]; 6 May 1935; G.F. Knowlton leg.; BBSL GoogleMaps 1 ♀; Mantua ; 41.515308° N, 111.938108° W; 14 May 2019; M.-K. Williams leg.; BBSL GoogleMaps 1 ♂; Morgan ; [41.04° N, 111.68° W]; 30 Aug. 1943; G.F. Knowlton and P.E. Telford leg.; BBSL GoogleMaps 1 ♀; Paradise ; 41.550306° N, 111.829569° W; 12 May 2019; M-K. Williams leg.; BBSL GoogleMaps 1 ♀; Paradise ; [41.550306° N, 111.829569° W]; 11 May 2019; MKFW leg.; BBSL GoogleMaps 1 ♀; Providence ; 41.694842° N, 111.826561° W; 14 May 2019; A. Anderson leg.; BBSL GoogleMaps 1 ♀; Salt Lake ; [41° N, 113° W]; 19 Jul. 1951; L. Dale Haws leg.; BBSL GoogleMaps . – Washington • 1 ♀; Clark Co., Camas , 1641 NE Crown Lane; 45.591° N, 122.389° W; 62 m a.s.l.; 17 May 2012; T.J. Zavortink leg.; ex Weigela ; UCDC GoogleMaps 1 ♀, 1 ♂; Colfax ; [46.88° N, 117.36° W]; 9 Jul. 1925; C.L. Fox leg.; CAS GoogleMaps . – Wisconsin • 1 ♀; Wood Co.; 44.455° N, 90.0928° W; 1–5 Jun. 2010; H. Gaines leg.; WRME GoogleMaps .

Description

See Gibbs (2010) for a complete redescription, figures, additional floral records, and reference to biological literature.

Range

Throughout most of the United States and southern Canada, southwest to northern California and Texas ( Fig. 89 View Fig ).

Floral records

APIACEAE Lindl. Zizia W.D.J. Koch : Z. aurea Koch ASTERACEAE Giseke : Ageratum : A. altissima (L.) R.M. King & H. Rob. • Helianthus BRASSICACEAE Burnett : Lepidium L. • CAPRIFOLIACEAE Juss. Weigela Thunb. CORNACEAE Bercht. ex J. Presl. Cornus L. C. sericea L. • CUCURBITACEAE

Juss. Citrullus Schrad. C. lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai Cucurbita L. • FABACEAE Juss. Medicago : M. sativa L.

DNA barcodes

Sixteen sequences available (BOLD process IDs: ASBEE076-08, BOWGF1435-10, DLII675-07, DLII688-07, DLII702-07, DLII1512-08, DLII1519-08, DIAL070-06, DIAL071-06, DIAL606-06, DIAL725-06, DIAL952-06, DIAL1253-08, DIAL1254-08, DIAL1255-08, LASNA058-08; BIN: BOLD:AAD0272). No unique fixed substitutions distinguish L. zephyrus from all other western redtailed L. ( Dialictus ).

Remarks

Unlike other red-tailed L. ( Dialictus ), it is only the male of L. zephyrus that often has a red metasoma ( Batra 1966).

UCMC

USA, Colorado, Boulder, University of Colorado Museum

MTEC

USA, Montana, Bozeman, Montana State University

USNM

USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]

UCDC

USA, California, Davis, University of California, R.M. Bohart Museum of Entomology

NMSU

USA, New Mexico, Las Cruces, New Mexico State University

UMSP

USA, Minnesota, St. Paul, University of Minnesota

AMNH

USA, New York, New York, American Museum of Natural History

LACM

USA, California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History

UNSM

USA, Nebraska, Lincoln, University of Nebraska State Museum

MKFW

MKFW

CAS

USA, California, San Francisco, California Academy of Sciences

UCMC

University of Colorado Museum

USNM

Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History

UCDC

R. M. Bohart Museum of Entomology

UMSP

University of Minnesota Insect Collection

UNSM

University of Nebraska State Museum

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Hymenoptera

Family

Halictidae

Genus

Lasioglossum

Loc

Lasioglossum (Dialictus) zephyrus ( Smith, 1853 )

Gardner, Joel & Gibbs, Jason 2020
2020
Loc

Halictus (Chloralictus) academicus

Sandhouse G. A. 1924: 12
1924
Loc

Halictus (Chloralictus) vintonensis

Sandhouse G. A. 1924: 22
1924
Loc

Halictus zephyrus

Cockerell T. D. A. 1905: 352
Robertson C. 1895: 117
1895
Loc

Halictus Zephyrus Smith, 1853: 68

Smith F. 1853: 68
1853
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