POLYGONACEAE

Baksh-Comeau, Yasmin S., Maharaj, Shobha S., Adams, Dennis, Harris, Stephen A., Filer, Denis L. & Hawthorne, William D., 2016, An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical ‘ hotspots’, Phytotaxa 250 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

POLYGONACEAE

Antigonon leptopus Hooker & Arn., Bot. Beechey Voy. 308 (1838) Common Name: Bride’s Tears, Coralita, Coral Vine. Exotic.

Coccoloba ascendens Duss ex Lindau, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 13: 156 (1890) Common name: Cuchape. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Thickets and forests at low to middle altitudes. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: NE Coast-Main Ridge F.R.; TRINIDAD: Arima-Blanchisseuse Rd N; Aripo Heights; Biche-Poole; Brasso Seco; Catshill-Basse Terre; Cumaca; Grande Riviere-Matelot ; Longdenville-Talparo; Manzanilla-Fishing Pond; Maracas-Tucuche; Matura-Salybia; Nariva; Princes Town; Rampanalgas-Toco; SW Erin-Guapo; Sangre Grande-Valencia-Orop.; Tabaquite-Brickfield. RBS Vegetation Classes: (Sub-)Montane forest (Vegnum 1: 100% RBS samples; Vegnum 2: 25% RBS samples); Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 3: 25% RBS samples; Vegnum 4: 11% RBS samples); Savanna/plantation (Vegnum 9: 14% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Maraval, sine coll. (TRIN 5853); Tucuche, Williams s.n. (NY, TRIN 11012), Baker s.n. (TRIN 14329); Cleaver Wood, Simmonds 189 (TRIN 13799); Arima-Blanchisseuse Road, Broadway 7467 (BM), Howard 10371 (BM); Cumaca Road, Simmonds 322 (TRIN 14235); Aripo Savanna, Howard 10316 (BM), Howard 10452 (BM); Long Stretch, Broadway 6942 (BM); Southern Cunapo Road, Broadway 6142 (BM); between La Brea and lrois, Crueger s.n. (TRIN). Global range: Lesser Antilles, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Peru.

Coccoloba coronata Jacq., Enum. Syst. Pl. 19 (1760) Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forests. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: E Coast; Little Tobago-St.Giles; TRINIDAD: NW Peninsular Corner; Point Radix; Southern Watershed; Trinity Hills. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 3% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 8% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 6: 40% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected):

CHECKLIST TO VASCULAR PLANTS OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO

Phytotaxa 250 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press • 373

TOBAGO: Scarborough, Broadway 4019 ( BM); Bacolet, Purseglove P 6214 ( TRIN 17278). TRINIDAD: Caledonia Island, Hart s.n. ( TRIN 5834); Mayaro, sine coll. ( TRIN 5748); Southern Watershed Reserve, Webster et al 9895 ( TRIN). Global range: Lesser Antilles, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Peru.

Coccoloba cruegeri Lindau, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 13: 209, t. 9. (1890) Common name: Grape. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forests, rare in association with mud volcanoes. IUCN: NE. Star: GD. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: NE Coast-Main Ridge F. R.; TRINIDAD: Catshill-Basse Terre; Central Range; Manzanilla-Fishing Pond; NW Peninsular Corner; Princes Town; Rio Claro-Mayaro; SW Erin-Guapo; Southern Watershed; Tabaquite-Brickfield; Trinity Hills; Tucker-Mt.Catherine. MAT Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Grande Riviere-Matelot. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 3: 2% RBS samples; Vegnum 4: 23% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 11% RBS samples); Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Central Range Reserve, Adams 13394 ( BM, TRIN). Global range: Venezuela, Guyana, Surinam.

Coccoloba dussii Lindau, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 1: 213 (1896) Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forests at low and middle altitudes. IUCN: NE. Star: GD. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Arima-Blanchisseuse Rd N; Aripo Heights; Biche-Poole; Brasso Seco; Catshill-Basse Terre; Grande Riviere-Matelot ; Longdenville-Talparo; Mt.St.Benedict-Caura; Rio Claro-Mayaro; Trinity Hills. RBS Vegetation Classes: (Sub-)Montane forest (Vegnum 2: 13% RBS samples); Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 3: 14% RBS samples; Vegnum 4: 5% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Easterfield, Broadway 4371 (BM); The Widow, Broadway 4653 (BM). TRINIDAD: Arima-Blanchisseuse Road, Broadway 6456 (BM); Toco Road, Howard 10362 (BM). Global range: Lesser Antilles.

Coccoloba excelsa Benth., London J. Bot. 4: 624 (1845) Syn: Coccoloba parimensis Benth. Habit : Tree. Habitat: Forest margins and disturbed forests. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Arena-Cumuto; Arima-Blanchisseuse Rd N; Aripo Heights; Biche-Poole; Brasso Seco; Cumaca; Grande Riviere-Matelot ; Longdenville-Talparo; Matura-Salybia; Mt.St.Benedict-Caura; Rio Claro-Mayaro. RBS Vegetation Classes: (Sub-)Montane forest (Vegnum 1: 13% RBS samples); Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 3: 14% RBS samples; Vegnum 4: 1% RBS samples); Savanna/plantation (Vegnum 9: 14% RBS samples); Swamp/marsh (Vegnum 11: 8% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Arima-Blanchisseuse Road, Johnson 1176 (BM), Johnson 1313 (BM); Melajo Forest Reserve, Johnson s.n. (BM, TRIN 31519). Global range: Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Peru.

Coccoloba fallax Lindau, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 13: 172 (1890) Common name: Black Grape. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Seasonal forests and palm marsh. IUCN: NE. Star: GD. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Arena-Cumuto; Catshill-Basse Terre; Central Range; Longdenville-Talparo; Manzanilla-Fishing Pond; Maracas-Tucuche; Nariva; P.O.S.-Santa Cruz; Point Radix; Rampanalgas-Toco; Rio Claro-Mayaro; SW Erin-Guapo; Southern Watershed; Tabaquite-Brickfield; Trinity Hills; Tucker-Mt.Catherine. NEL Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: NW Peninsular corner. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 3: 6% RBS samples; Vegnum 4: 34% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 17% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Chacachacare, Britton et al. 2694 (TRIN 10479); Black River, Freeman s.n. (TRIN 8102); Cats Hill Reserve, Swabey s.n. (TRIN 12536, TRIN 12543); Southwest Reserve, Swabey s.n. (TRIN 12292); Moruga, Trinity Trace, Adams 14143 (TRIN). Global range: Venezuela.

Coccoloba latifolia Poir., Encycl. (Lamarck) 6: 61 (1804) Common name: Big Leaf, Coccoloba, Cuchape, Grape, Stavewood, Wild Grape. Habit : Tree. Habitat: Seasonal, marsh and lower montane and seasonal montane forests; at margins of savanna and in disturbed areas. IUCN: NE. Star: BU. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Arena-Cumuto; Arima Valley; Biche-Poole; Catshill-Basse Terre; Central Range; Grande Riviere-Matelot ; Longdenville-Talparo; Manzanilla-Fishing Pond; Maracas-Tucuche; Matura-Salybia; Mt.St.Benedict-Caura; NW Peninsular Corner; Nariva; North Central Coast; P.O.S.-Santa Cruz; Piarco-Arima; Princes Town; Rampanalgas-Toco; Rio Claro-Mayaro; SW Erin-Guapo; SW Icacos-Cedros; San Fernando; Sangre Grande-Valencia-Orop.; Southern Watershed; Tabaquite-Brickfield; Trinity Hills; Tucker-Mt.Catherine. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 3: 24% RBS samples; Vegnum 4: 55% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 22% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 7: 40% RBS samples); Savanna/plantation (Vegnum 9: 14% RBS samples; Vegnum 12: 33% RBS samples); Swamp/marsh (Vegnum 11: 8% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Monos Island, Howard 10415 (BM); St. Anns, Broadway s.n. (BM), Broadway s.n. (TRIN 8989); St. Joseph, Dannouse s.n. (TRIN); Arima Highway, Howard 10355 (BM); Piarco Savanna, Britton et al. 113 (NY); O'Meara Savanna, Adams

374 • Phytotaxa 250 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press

BAKSH-COMEAU ET AL.

13425 (TRIN); Aripo Savanna, Britton et al. 316 (NY); Talparo, Simmonds s.n. (TRIN 14652); Tamana, Marshall s.n. (TRIN 12313); San Fernando, [Finlay s.n.] (TRIN 2690). Global range: Venezuela, Guianas.

Coccoloba marginata Benth., London J. Bot. 4: 626 (1845) Common name: Black Grape. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Palm marsh, marsh forest at savanna margin, palm islands in savanna, on edges of thickets. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Arena-Cumuto; Biche-Poole; Catshill-Basse Terre; Manzanilla-Fishing Pond; Matura-Salybia; Nariva; P.O.S.-Santa Cruz; Sangre Grande-Valencia-Orop.; Trinity Hills. MAT Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Grande Riviere-Matelot. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 3: 16% RBS samples; Vegnum 4: 4% RBS samples); Savanna/plantation (Vegnum 9: 14% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Santa Cruz, Dannouse s.n. (TRIN); Eastern Main Road, Broadway 5584 (BM); Valencia, Britton et al. 1023 (NY), Broadway s.n. (TRIN 8988); Toco Road, Howard 10368 (BM); Caroni, Crueger s.n. (TRIN 671), Simmonds s.n. (TRIN 15378); Aripo Savanna, [Finlay s.n.] (GH, TRIN 2693), Broadway s.n. (TRIN 5315), Baker s.n. (TRIN 15122), Howard 10506 (BM); Long Stretch, Adams 14017 (NY, TRIN); Sangre Grande , Broadway s.n. (BM). Global range: Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia.

Coccoloba nigrescens Lindau, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 13: 192 (1890) Habit: Tree. Habitat: Roadsides. IUCN: VU. Star: BK. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Biche-Poole; Chacachacare; Monos; NW Peninsular corner. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 3% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 6: 20% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Chacachacare, Crueger 116 (TRIN 780), Howard 10440 (BM), Johnson 746 (BM, TRIN 32523); Monos, [Finlay s.n.] (TRIN 3044), Broadway s.n. (TRIN 7457). Global range: Endemic to Trinidad.

Coccoloba striata Benth., London J. Bot. 4: 626 (1845) Habit: Tree. Habitat: Montane forests. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Tucuche, Crueger s.n. (TRIN 776), Britton et al. 1262 (NY), Freeman s.n. (TRIN 9045), Baker s.n. (TRIN 14804). Global range: Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Brazil.

Coccoloba uvifera (L.) L., Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 2: 1007 (1759) Common name: Raisin Bord de Mer, Sea Grape, Seaside Grape, Shore Grape. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Littoral hedges and thickets. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: SW Coastal; TRINIDAD: Rampanalgas-Toco; Trinity Hills. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 1% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 7: 10% RBS samples; Vegnum 8: 40% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Scarborough, Broadway 3617 (BM); Speyside, Tuley s.n. (TRIN 15244), Purseglove P6361 (TRIN 17422); Crown Point, Clement & Ryves 99 (BM). TRINIDAD: Monos, Williams s.n. (TRIN); Galera Point, Broadway s.n. (TRIN); Mayaro, Marshall s.n. (TRIN 10962); Palo Seco, Russell s.n. (TRIN 13011). Global range: Widespread in Central and South America and the Caribbean.

Coccoloba venosa L., Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 2: 1007 (1759) Common name: Small Leaf Grape, White Grape. Habit : Tree. Habitat: Evergreen and semi-evergreen seasonal forests, frequent in montane forest and on rocks near the shore. IUCN: NE. Star: BU. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: E Coast; TRINIDAD: Arena-Cumuto; Catshill-Basse Terre; Central Range; Longdenville-Talparo; Matura-Salybia; Princes Town; Rampanalgas-Toco; Rio Claro-Mayaro; SW Erin-Guapo; SW Icacos-Cedros; Southern Watershed; Tabaquite-Brickfield; Trinity Hills. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 3: 6% RBS samples; Vegnum 4: 22% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 33% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 6: 10% RBS samples); Savanna/plantation (Vegnum 9: 14% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: opposite Melville Island, Freeman & Williams s.n. (TRIN11422); Mason Hall, Broadway 4160 (BM, TRIN)Little Tobago, Swabey s.n. (TRIN 12959); Castara, Sandwith 1831 (K). TRINIDAD: Galera Point, Broadway 2788 (TRIN); Toco, Freeman & Williams s.n. (TRIN 11768); Guanapo, Dannouse s.n. (TRIN); Cats Hill Reserve, Swabey s.n (TRIN 12535); Quinam Reserve, Williams s.n. (TRIN 12015); Southwestern Watershed Reserve, Russell s.n. (TRIN 12261); Southwest Reserve, Marshall s.n. (TRIN 12404). Global range: Greater Antilles, Virgin Islands, Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela.

Muehlenbeckia platyclada (F.Muell.) Meisn., Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 23: 313 (1865) Syn: Homalocladium platycladum (F.Muell.) L.H.Bailey Exotic.

Polygonum acuminatum Kunth , Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2: 178 (1817) Common name: Water Tobacco. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Marshes, swamps and rice lands. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Caroni. RBS Vegetation Classes: Swamp/marsh (Vegnum 11: 8% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD:

CHECKLIST TO VASCULAR PLANTS OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO

Phytotaxa 250 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press • 375 Laventille, Crueger s.n. (TRIN 781); St. Augustine, sine coll. (TRIN 14812); Caroni, sine coll. (TRIN 783); Oropuche Lagoon, [Finlay s.n.] (TRIN 2691); Nariva Swamp, sine coll. (TRIN 11990), sine coll. (TRIN 12356), Adams 14363 (TRIN). Global range: Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Central America, Colombia Guianas, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina.

Polygonum punctatum Elliott, Sketch Bot. S. Carolina & Georgia 1: 455 (1817) Habit: Herb. Habitat: Ditches and shallow ponds. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Vivien Estate, [Crueger s.n.] (TRIN 782); Marabella pasture, [Finlay s.n.] (TRIN 2692); Caroni, sine coll. (TRIN 783). Global range: Widespread in Central and South America and the Caribbean.

Ruprechtia cruegeri Griseb. ex Lindau, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 1: 214 (1896) Habit: Tree. Habitat: Mangrove swamps, and other wet areas; possibly exotic. IUCN: NE. Star: BU. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Arima, Dannouse s.n. (TRIN 8910); Caroni, Crueger 278 (TRIN 784); Les Efforts Estate, Finlay s.n. (TRIN 2697); Longdenville, Johnson 1066 (BM, K); Point a Pierre, sine coll. (TRIN 7839), sine coll. (TRIN 13087). Global range: Colombia, Peru.

Ruprechtia ramiflora (Jacq.) C.A.Mey., Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 6: 150 (1840) Syn: Ruprechtia coriacea (H.Karst.) S.F.Blake Habit : Tree. Habitat: Dry, open habitat. IUCN: NE. Star: BU. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Chacachacare, [Crueger 279] (TRIN 777). Global range: United States (Florida), Columbia, Venezuela.

Triplaris americana L., Syst. Nat. (ed.10) 2: 881 (1759) Exotic.

Triplaris weigeltiana (Rchb.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 3: 270 (1898) Syn: Triplaris surinamensis Cham. Exotic.