Ceratophysella granulata Stach, 1949

Skarzynski, Dariusz, Smolis, Adrian, Kovac, Ľubomir & Porco, David, 2021, A new European species of Ceratophysella (Collembola, Hypogastruridae) revealed by morphological data and DNA barcodes, ZooKeys 1021, pp. 1-18 : 1

Ceratophysella granulata Stach, 1949

Ceratophysella granulata Stach 1949: 133

Material.

Poland ( Carpathians ): ISEZ: 2 syntypes on slide (formerly in alcohol), Tatra Mts , Dziura cave , 15.VII.1909, leg. J. Stach; 29 spp. on slides, Tatra Mts , leg. J. Stach; Beskid Maly Mts , male, juv., Zagórze near Skawce , Grota Piaskowa cave , 350 m. a.s.l., XI.1951, leg. Szymczakowski; DIBEC: Tatra Mts (leg. D. Skarżyński): 74 females, 17 males, litter of dwarf mountain pine shrubs on the slopes of the Gładkie Upłaziańskie, at an altitude of 1500-1600 m a.s.l., 13.VII.2001, 14.IX.2002, 18.IX.2004, 14. VIII. 2009; 4 females, 2 males, 2 juv., Chuda Turnia, moss on rocks, 1800 m a.s.l., 19.VIII.2004; 11 females, 5 males, 2 juv., Kraków Gorge, spruce forest litter and mosses on rocks, 1050-1150 m a.s.l., 19.VIII.2004; 4 males, Mylna cave , mosses in the entrance, 1090 m a.s.l., 19.VIII.2004; female, Raptawicka cave , mosses in the entrance, 1150 m a.s.l., 19.VIII.2004; female, juv., Dziura cave , litter in the entrance, 1000 m a.s.l., 24.VIII.1991; 20 females, 15 males, litter of dwarf mountain pine shrubs on the slopes of Sucha Czuba, 1600-1700 m a.s.l., 17.IX.2004; Beskid Zywiecki Mts : 3 females, 5 males, 6 juv., Babia Góra, litter of spruce forest and dwarf mountain pine shrubs, 1300-1500 m a.s.l., 4.VI.1999, leg. A. Smolis; 4 females, 3 males, 5 juv., Pilsko, litter of spruce forest and dwarf mountain pine shrubs, 1300-1500 m a.s.l., 21.IX.2004, leg. D. Skarżyński; Pieniny Mts , 4 females, male, 2 juv., Ociemny valley , 500-600 m a.s.l., mosses on rocks, 26.V.1994, leg. R. J. Pomorski; Beskid Wyspowy Mts, 10 females, male, Zbójecka cave near Limanowa, 900 m a.s.l., bat guano, 12.VII.2007, leg. K. Piksa. Slovakia ( Western Carpathians ): ISEZ: female, male, Pieniny Mts , Aksamitka cave , VII.1931, leg. Grochmalicki. PJSU: 4 females, 2 males, Veľká Fatra Mts , Horna Tufna cave near Horny Harmanec village , 975 m a.s.l., entrance hall, cave sediment, 26-31.VIII.1999, leg. Ľ. Kováč, 301-99, 302-99; female, Zapadne Tatry Mts , Brestovska cave near Zuberec village , entrance hall, cave sediment, 22.V.-13.IX.2006, leg. A. Mock, 671-06; 2 males, 3 juv., Belianske Tatry Mts , Kamzíčia jaskyňa cave near Zdiar village , 2002 m a.s.l., 15 m from entrance, cave sediment, 13.IX.1991, leg. Ľ. Kováč; Low Tatras Mts : Demänovská jaskyňa slobody cave near Demaenova village , 812 m a.s.l.: female, male, rotten wood, 11.V.2000, leg. P. Ľuptáčik, 84-00; 2 females, male, Mramorové riečisko, bait, 11.V.-27.IX.2000, leg. Ľ. Kováč, 131-00, 133-00; Demänovská ľadová jaskyňa cave, 740 m a.s.l.: 2 females, entrance, talus deposit, 12.V.-28.IX.2000, Ľ. Kováč, 168-00; female, cave entrance, wood, 28.IX.2000, leg. P. Ľuptáčik, 170-00; female, Pustá jaskyňa cave, Hlinená chodba, surface of water puddle, 24.VI.2015, leg. Ľ. Kováč, 82-15; Pieniny Mts , Aksamitka cave near Haligovce village , 756 m a.s.l., leg. Ľ. Kováč: 6 females, 4 males, Blatistý dóm, rotten wood, cave sediment, 12.III.-26.V.1998, 45-98, 197-98, 198-98, 199-98, 200-98; 2 females, Dóm priekopníkov, bat guano, 26.V.1998, 201-98; 2 females, 1 juv., Dóm priekopníkov, cave sediment, 23.VIII.-7.X.1999, 363-98, 364-98, 366-98; male, soil of herbal cushion in front of cave, 26.V.1998, 202-98; Levočské vrchy Mts, Jaskyňa pod Jankovcom 2 cave near Ľubica village: 3 females, male, Hall A, bat guano, Hall II rotten wood, 5.XI.2010, leg. P. Ľuptáčik, 747-10, 758-10; male, passage B, surface of water puddle, 5.XI.2010, leg. Z. Višňovská, 755-10; Slovak Paradise: Dobšinská ľadová jaskyňa cave near Stratena village , 969 m a.s.l.: female, male, moss on rocks in front of cave, 23.VII.1997, leg. Ľ. Kováč, 126-130-97, 2 females, humus and soil in front of cave, 7.X.2004. leg. V. Šustr, 4 females, male, Psie Diery cave , cave sediment, 6.II.1997, leg. V. Košel, female, Vojenska cave , 20 m from entrance, bait, 6.XII.1998, leg. V. Košel, 22-99, 3 females, cave sediment, 28.I.-6.II.1997, leg. V. Košel, 3 females, Klastorna cave , cave sediment, 27.I.-4.II.1997, leg. V. Košel, female, 2 males, Duca cave , Dóm, bait, 4.XII.1998, leg. V. Košel, 25-99, male, Stratenska cave , 200 m from entrance, rotten wood, 9.X.1997, leg. Ľ. Kováč, 184-97; male, Muránska planina Plateau, Bobacka cave near Muranska Huta village , 30 m from entrance, cave sediment, 5.X.-9.XI.2000, Ľ. Kováč, 219-00; Čierna hora Mts: 2 females, Veľká ružínska jaskyňa cave near Mala Lodina village , 614 m a.s.l., 100 m from entrance, cave sediment, 10.VIII.-14.X.1996, leg. Ľ. Kováč, 1327-96, male, juv., Malý Ružinok Valley, Tilio-Acerion, humus and soil, rotten wood, 19.IX.2009, 23.IV.2010, leg. Ľ. Kováč, 610-09, 139-10; male, Slovak Karst, Šingliarova priepasť cave near Honce village, 680 m a.s.l, 1st Hall, rotten wood, 4.V.2008, leg. P. Ľuptáčik, 215-08 .

Remarks.

Specificaton of C. granulata morphology is provided by Skarżyński (2004a). COI sequences of this species were examined and deposited on BOLD and GenBank by Porco et al. (2012). Ceratophysella granulata , with strong tegumentary granulation and distinct fields of coarse granules, resembles C. stachi sp. nov. and four other European species of the C. armata -group: C. lawrencei , C. neomeridionalis , C. scotica , and C. silvatica . Differences between these species are presented in Table 4. The presence of true C. granulata is so far confirmed only for the Polish Carpathians (Tatra Mts, Pieniny Mts, Beskid Żywiecki Mts, Beskid Wyspowy Mts, Beskid Mały Mts) and Slovak ( Veľká Fatra Mts, Západné Tatry Mts, Belianske Tatry Mts, Low Tatras Mts, Pieniny Mts, Levočské vrchy Mts, Slovak Paradise, Muránska planina Plateau, Čierna hora Mts, Slovak Karst) (Fig. 1 ), where it inhabits cold and humid places: mosses in the alpine zone, litter and mosses in the dwarf mountain pine zone, deep gorges (litter and mosses), and caves (mosses, litter, and rotten wood at cave the entrance, and bat guano and cave sediments even 100 m from the entrance) in mountain forests zone. At the end of the Pleistocene, this psychro- and hygrophilous species was probably more common in the periglacial region, and due to the warming Holocene climate, its range became limited to scattered, high-mountain refuges and cold caves and other subterranean habitats at lower elevations. Based on the current distribution data, it is concluded that C. granulata is endemic to the Western Carpathians. However, to verify this thesis, additional research should be undertaken covering the rest of the Carpathians, the Alps, and other mountainous areas of central Europe.

Figures

Figure 1. Distribution of Ceratophysella stachi sp. nov. (black circles) and C. granulata (empty circles). Abbreviations: AKE - Akershus, B - Bieszczady Mts, BM - Beskid Maly Mts, BN - Beskid Niski Mts, BRA - Brandenburg, BS - Beskid Sadecki Mts, BW - Beskid Wyspowy Mts, BZ - Beskid Zywiecki Mts, CH - Cierna hora Mts, FUN - Funen, HES - Hesse, JUT - Jutland, L - Levocske vrchy Mts, LD - Lviv District, LT - Low Tatra Mts, LUX - Luxembourg, M - Muranska planina Plateau, MEC - Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, P - Pieniny Mts, S - Slovak Paradise, SAX - Saxony, SK - Slovak Karst, T - Tatra Mts, VES - Vestfold, VF - Veľka Fatra Mts.