Chaetopyrena penicillata (Fuckel) Höhnel (1918)

Jayasiri, Subashini Chathumini, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Xu, Ruifang, Bhat, Darbhe Jayarama, Elgorban, Abdallah M., Karunarathna, Samantha C., Rampelotto, Pabulo H., Han, Meiyan & Xu, Jianchu, 2024, Unveiling new fungal discoveries in Yunnan Province, China, Phytotaxa 676 (2), pp. 103-125 : 110-112

Chaetopyrena penicillata (Fuckel) Höhnel (1918) FIGURE 2

Index Fungorum number: IF433334

Saprobic on unknown plant species. Sexual morph: Unknown. Asexual morph: Conidiomata 160–205 × 130–205 µm (x̄ = 178 × 185 µm, n = 5), pycnidial, globose to subglobose, dark brown to black, ostiolate, well-necked, with setae around. Setae up to 150 μm long, 5–7 μm wide, brown, thick-walled, septate, unbranched or rarely branched, gradually tapering upward. Conidiomata wall 10–20 µm, 3–4 layers of brown textura angularis. Conidiogenous cells 5–15 × 5–10 μm long, apically 1–5 μm wide, phialidic, hyaline, simple, smooth, obpyriform, with a single spore. Conidia 10– 20 × 3–5 µm (x̄ = 16 × 3.5 µm, n = 20), hyaline, aseptate, smooth to minutely punctate, cylindrical to subcylindrical, straight, sometime sigmoid or slightly curved with rounded apex, truncate at base. Chlamydospores single or 2–4 short chains, pale brown, up to 20 µm in diameter, subglobose, with dark brown microsclerotia developing in hyphae.

Culture characteristics: Colonies on PDA reaching 30 mm diam after 10 days at 25 ˚C in the dark, flat, black, margins orange, irregular outer layer, reverse dark brown, folded, aerial mycelia scattered. Sporulation in PDA: Conidiogenous cells are holoblastic, terminal, loci moderately thickened. Conidia 15–20 × 3–4 µm, hyaline, smooth to minutely punctate, aseptate, cylindrical to subcylindrical, straight, both ends rounded.

Material examined: China, Yunnan Province, Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, on an unidentified angiosperm plant species, 06 May 2020, Tibpromma S., ST 28 (HKAS 115545, new record), living culture KUMCC 21-0094.

Known distribution: On dead twigs, soil, and olive fruits ( Elaeagnus angustifolia ) in Russia, Turkey, South Africa, and Romania ( Arzanlou & Khodaei 2012; Wijayawardene et al. 2022), an unidentified angiosperm plant species in China (this study).

Notes: In multigene phylogenetic analysis, our new strain clustered with strains of Chaetopyrena penicillata (CBS 199.89, CBS 359.71, and CBS 498.72) with 97% MLBB/1.00 BYPP bootstrap support ( Figure. 1 ). The morphology of our new strain matched the description of Arzanlou & Khodaei (2012) and Wijayawardene et al. (2022). Chaetopyrena penicillata has been reported from Romania, Russia, South Africa, and Turkey on different substrates, such as dead twigs, soil, and stubble ( Arzanlou & Khodaei 2012; Wijayawardene et al. 2022). At the same time, our isolate was obtained from dead twigs in Yunnan Province, China.

Lentitheciaceae Y. Zhang ter, C.L. Schoch, J. Fourn., Crous & K.D. Hyde (2009)

The work by Zhang et al. (2009) is of significant importance as they introduced Lentitheciaceae to accommodate members of Lentithecium (type genus), Stagonospora , Wettsteinina , Katumotoa , Keissleriella , and Ophiosphaerella . Members of this family have been recorded from freshwater, marine, terrestrial, or even grasslands ( Zhang et al. 2009; Su et al. 2016; Dayarathne et al. 2018). To date, 18 genera are accepted in Lentitheciaceae (Wijayawardene et al. 2022) .

Figures

FIGURE 1.The phylogram generated from maximum likelihood analysis based on LSU andITS sequence data representingDidymellaceae species. Related sequences are obtained from GenBank. Thirty-nine strains were included in the combined analyses, with Leptosphaeria doliolum (CBS 505.75) as the outgroup taxon. Bootstrap values for ML are equal to or greater than 70%, and clade credibility values are equal to or greater than 0.95 (the rounding of values to 2 decimal proportions) from the BYPP analysis labeled on the nodes. A newly generated sequence is in blue, and type species are bold.

FIGURE 2. Chaetopyrena penicillata (HKAS 115545).a, b Conidiomata on the host.c Setae. d Conidiomata wall. g Section of conidioma. k, l Developing conidia attach to conidiogenous cells in the host. e, f, h Conidia. i, j Conidia (SEM). m Colony characteristics on PDA medium (14 days old culture). n Conidiomata on culture. o, p Developing conidia attach to conidiogenous cells. q Chlamydospores and conidia in culture. r Anastomosis in hyphae. Scale bars: a, b = 500 µm; e, f = 1 µm; g = 30 µm; q = 10 µm; c, d, h, k, m–q = 5 µm.