Clavaria subglobosa (Corner) A.N.M. Furtado & M.A. Neves

Furtado, Ariadne N. M., Daniëls, Pablo P. & Neves, Maria Alice, 2016, New species and new records of Clavariaceae (Agaricales) from Brazil, Phytotaxa 253 (1), pp. 1-26 : 8

Clavaria subglobosa (Corner) A.N.M. Furtado & M.A. Neves , comb. & stat. nov.

Basionym: Clavaria rosea var. subglobosa Corner (1950: 691) .

MB 816057

Clavaria rosea var. grandispora Corner (1967: 41) .

Basidiomata ( Fig. 1e ) 2.5−9.5 × 0.2−0.6 cm, unbranched, solitary, gregarious to caespitose. Clavula reddish orange (7B8) to brownish red (8C8) or vivid red (9A8), drying brownish orange (8C6), flattened, becoming cylindric at apex, with a subtle groove; apex concolorous, acute then fusiform and blunt; stipe very short (4.0−5.0 × 2.0 mm) but distinct, paler, slightly strigose. Context brittle, pale orange (6A6), fistulose, (first solid then hollow); taste and smell absent.

Basidiospores ( Fig. 6a ) 6.0−7.5 (−9.0) × 5.5−7.0 (−8.0) μm (Q=1.09), subglobose, hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, aguttulate, inamyloid; hilar appendage up to 1.0 μm long. Basidia ( Fig. 6b ) 82−94 × 7.0−10 μm, cylindric-elongate, clampless; sterigmata (2−)4, 7.0−12 μm long. Cystidia absent. Hymenium 90−110 μm thick, distinctly thicker towards apex, absent in stipe. Subhymenium 40−60 μm thick; hyphae 2.5−4.0 μm wide, clampless. Context with parallel hyphae, 6.0−7.0 μm wide, clampless, cylindric, sparsely secondarily septate, sometimes constricted at primary septa, thin-walled, H− connections frequent.

Habitat and distribution:—In the Atlantic Forest this species is found on soil covered with litter, under trees. In Brazil it is known from Rio de Janeiro ( Corner 1967b), Paraná ( De Meijer 2010) and Santa Catarina (present study). It is also known from England, France, Germany ( Corner 1950), Morocco and Trinidad ( Corner 1967b).

Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Santa Catarina: Florianópolis, Morro da Lagoa, Trilha do Jipe, 27º59'43"S, 49º47'83"W, 16 March 2011, Neves, M.A. 732 (FLOR 56146), ibid., 16 March 2015, Furtado, A.N.M. 526 (FLOR 56147).

Additional specimen examined:— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: no location, 8 December 1948, E.J.H. Corner n.n. (BPI 294512, as Ca. rosea ).

Remarks:— Clavaria subglobosa is easily recognized in the field by its vivid color that contrasts with the litter. The species varies in color from a pale to vivid pink, reddish rose, reddish orange to brownish orange, and its basidiospores range in size (from 5.0−9.0 × 4.0−8.0 μm). This led Corner (1967b) to create three varieties for Clavaria rosea Dalman ( var. grandispora , var. subglobosa and var. pallida ). The latter variety has typical ellipsoid basidiospores, which are slightly flattened adaxially, and inflated hyphae (up to 25 μm wide). Clavaria rosea var. subglobosa and Ca. rosea var. grandispora have subglobose to broadly ellipsoid basidiospores (basidiospores 5.0−8.0 × 4.0−6.5 μm for Ca. rosea var. subglobosa and 7.0−8.5 × 6.0−7.5 μm for Ca. rosea var. grandispora ), which are not flattened, and narrow hyphae ( Corner 1950, 1970). Clavaria rosea var. grandispora was described from Brazil and has reddish orange basidiomata. Clavaria rosea var. subglobosa is from India and has pale red basidiomata ( Corner 1970). Considering that the hyphal system and the basidiospore morphology are important characteristics to delimitate a species ( Corner 1950, 1970, Petersen 1967), we consider the use of the variety rank inappropriate for the taxon and propose the new combination Clavaria subglobosa . Clavaria incarnata Weinm. and Ca. messapica Agnello, Kautmanová & M. Carbone are closely related species but they differ from Ca. subglobosa because they have clamped basidia ( Agnello et al. 2014).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Photographs of basidiomata in the field. a Clavaria diverticulata (ACM 1044); b. Ca. fragilis (ACM 1041); c. Ca. fumosa (ACM 598); d. Ca. gibbsiae (ANMF 484); e. Ca. subglobosa (MAN 732); f. Ca. zollingeri (ANMF 365); g. Clavulinopsis amoena (KEL 21); h. Cs. aurantiocinnabarina (ANMF 382); i. Cs. dimorphica (ACM 1051); j. Cs. helvola (KEL 34); k. Cs. imperata (ANMF 482); l. Cs. laeticolor (ANMF 495); m. Cs. spiralis (MAN 1077); n. Ramariopsis kunzei (ACM 596). Bars = 1.0 cm. Photographs by Altielys C. Magnago (A, B, C, I, N) and Raquel Friedrich (G).

FIGURE 6. Microcharacters of Clavaria subglobosa (MAN 732). a. Basidiospores; b. Basidia. Bars = 10 μm.