Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) barbata Schwarz & Michener

Filho, Léo Correia Da Rocha & Packer, Laurence, 2015, Revision of the Neotropical subgenera Coelioxys (Platycoelioxys) Mitchell and C. (Rhinocoelioxys) Mitchell (Hymenoptera; Megachilidae) with the description of one new species, Zootaxa 3941 (2), pp. 151-203 : 166-169

Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) barbata Schwarz & Michener

( Figs 3 A–L, 4, 16E, 16K, 17E, 17K)

Coelioxys barbata Schwarz & Michener, 1954: 104 .

Diagnosis. The combination of mandible not unusually flattened, clypeus with an apicomedial tuberculate process, mesoscutellum with a posteromedian process and apical margin of S5 with a fringe of long brown setae is sufficient to separate females of this species from all others except C. paraguayensis . Coelioxys barbata can be differentiated from the latter species by the strongly swollen, shiny and sparsely punctate ocellar area (interspaces> twice puncture diameters) versus weakly swollen and dull ocellar area with interspaces less than a puncture diameter. Additionally, C. barbata has the apical margin of S5 entire versus emarginate in C. paraguayensis . For males the combination of hypostomal concavity with a larger patch of short hairs, mesoscutellum triangular and lacking a longitudinal median ridge and T1 red across entire width is enough to separate them from all the other species in the subgenus but C. paraguayensis . However, as also found in females, the strongly swollen and shiny ocellar area contrast with the nearly flat and densely punctate ocellar area in C. paraguayensis males.

Redescription. Female. (USNM). “ VENEZUELA: Aragua, 2 km N Ocumare, de la costa, 31-III-2-IV-1981 ”. “A.S. Menke, L. Hollemberg, Collectors”.

Measurements. Body length: 6.35 mm; forewing length: 4.16 mm; head width: 1.77 mm. Coloration. Black except as follows: Antenna dark brown; mandible, labrum, legs, sterna, pronotal lamella, T1, lateral surfaces of T2–T4 red to reddish; S5 dark brown towards the apex; tegula yellowish to light brown; wings subhyaline; veins brownish.

Pubescence. White, subappressed on: Paraocular area, supraclypeal area, basal margin on clypeus, gena, mandible, labrum, complete transverse fascia on anterior margin of mesoscutum, mesosoma, legs, basal fascia of T1, apical fasciae of sterna, lateral margins of T6. Ocular hairs short (about 0.06 mm). Scattered erect, long, slender, brownish setae on paraocular area, supraclypeal area, clypeus, medially on mandible. Clypeus towards apex covered with short, thick brownish setae, darker at the apical margin. Frontal area covered with appressed pale hairs. Upper paraocular area with long, brown hairs distinct from those of adjacent regions, oriented mesad, apices of some hairs from each side almost meeting medially. Slender, erect, yellow setae, plumose white hairs arising from punctures on vertex and medially on mesoscutum. Thick, yellow setae on tarsi. T2–T5 apical fasciae composed of appressed, plumose, white hairs. Apical margin of S5 covered with long, thick, brown setae forming fringe.

Surface sculpture. Ocellar area not densely punctate, interspaces among punctures shining, more than twice the puncture diameter; vertex moderately densely punctate; mesoscutum, mesepisternum sculptured, punctures on disc of mesoscutum larger towards the sides, elliptical, mesoscutellum not densely punctate, interspaces among punctures larger than puncture diameter; axilla coarsely, densely punctate, without shining areas; T1 moderately densely punctate, interspaces among punctures shining, larger than the puncture diameter; pregradular areas of T2–T5 moderately densely punctate, interspaces shining, smooth; postgradular areas of T2–T5 shining, with sparse punctures forming transverse row with additional small punctures medioposteriorly, T6 densely punctate, punctures very small, well separated, punctures denser apically; S1 punctate; postgradular areas of S2–S4 moderately densely punctate basally, more sparsely towards apex, postgradular area of S5 less densely punctate basally, more densely punctate towards apex.

Structure. Ocellar area swollen, elevated; clypeus produced apico-medially into tuberculate process. Mesoscutellum triangular, with rounded projection medially at the posterior margin. Surface of mesoscutellum flat, without dorso-median ridge. Axilla short, acute apically. T6 subacute apically, without sulcus laterally. Dorsomedian line of T6 obsolescent except forming elevated ridge apically with depressions lateral to the elevated ridge shallow, obsolescent. Apex of S5 truncate. S6 slender, elongate, lateral margins convergent apically, subdentate, with two small, discrete notches subapically, tip subacute. Hemitergite 7 much longer than wide, area subtended by the marginal ridge narrow; apodemal region greatly produced anteriorly; lateral process reduced; spiracle close to apical margin of lamina spiracularis; lateral lamella wider than lamina spicularis. Dorsal arm of furcula long. Gonostylus subacute apically.

Male. (USNM). “ VENEZUELA: Zulia, Puerto De Cata, 10–11 June 1976, A.S. Menke & D. Vincent”.

Measurements. Body length: 5.94 mm; forewing length: 3.75 mm; head width: 1.67 mm. Coloration. As in female.

Pubescence. As in female except as follows: Face densely covered with whitish hairs, mandible only basally, hypostomal concavity with larger patch of short, white hairs anteriorly, posteromargin of hypostomal concavity with long, curved white hairs. Apical white fasciae of T2–T5 broadly interrupted medially, gradular grooves of T3–T6 conspicuously fasciate with short, appressed, plumose white hairs, gradular groove of T2 bare.

Surface sculpture. As in female except as follows: Postgradular areas of T2 and T3 with conspicuous, elliptical, transverse, densely punctate area medially on each side; T6 with very small punctures basally, punctate laterally, punctures larger, dorsal-median excavation densely punctate, dorsal ridges less punctate; postgradular area of S5 moderately densely punctate, interspaces among punctures shining.

Structures. As in female except as follows: Hypostomal concavity deeply concave, shorter than half length of compound eye. Spine-like processes of T5 separated from the surface of the tergum apically. Lateral processes of T6 pointed, acute, long, almost parallel to the tergum; dorsal processes short, broad, pointed apically; ventral processes long, acute. Apical margin of T7 trapezoidal, slightly produced, nearly truncate apically. Apical impressed area of S4 interrupted by a pair of apicomedial extensions from disc, these extensions delimiting a flat U-shaped area, arms of the flattened process subequal or shorter than the distance that separates them. Apical rim of S4 bare medially, narrowly depressed. S5 canaliculate medially towards the apex; apical margin of S5 simple, gradulus deeply angulate, almost reaching base. Gradulus of S6 indistinct but U-shaped, nearly reaching basal margin, pregradular areas narrow, elongate, weakly sclerotized on inner margins, strongly sclerotized along outer margins, narrowly acute at base, apical half of pregradular area densely setose, less setose on outer margins, postgradular area transparent medially, broad at base, basal membranous lip rounded. S7 obsolescent, represented by two small sclerites. S8 acute basally. Gonocoxa compressed laterally, with some long setae apically, slightly longer than penis valve in length.

Variation. In females the tuberculate process of the clypeus varies from being broadly rounded (as observed at the female holotype) to pointed. In some specimens the axilla is short and rounded apically. In some males from Venezuela all terga are red but the T6 is dark brown.

Floral Records. Unknown.

Host Records. Cockerell (1923) stated Coelioxys rostrata Friese (= C. paraguayensis ) to be a parasite of Megachile stomatura based on a female collected in Guyana in abandoned borings in timber where the female host was nesting. However, judging from the distribution of C. paraguayensis ( Fig. 10) and the data on the label from a female from BMNH (“Inhabiting, desused [sic] (=disused) borings, in timber”) this record likely refers to C. barbata .

Geographical distribution. Colombia (Magdalena, Valle del Cauca), French Guiana (Cayenne), Guyana (East Berbice-Corentyne Region), Panama ( Panamá), Trinidad & Tobago (Saint Augustine, Tunapuna-Piarco), Venezuela (Aragua, Mérida, Zulia) ( Fig. 6).

Michener”.

Material examined. Holotype. PANAMA. Panamá. 1 female ( AMNH). “Corozal, Canal Zone, Jan 31, 1929 ”. “Collector, C.H. Curran”. “ HOLOTYPE ”. “ Coelioxys barbata, H.F. Schwarz and, C.D. Michener”. “ HOLOTYPE, Coelioxys barbata, H.F. Schwarz, C.D. Michener ”.

Additional material: COLOMBIA. Magdalena. 1 female ( PCYU). “ COLOMBIA Magdalena, PNN Tayrona Palangana, 11º20’N 74º2’W 30 m, 23.v. 10.vi.2001 M.1763, Malaise R. Henriquez”. “ Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) sp.B, det. T. Griswold”. 1 male ( AMNH). “ COLOMBIA: Dept., Magdalena, Pozo, Colorado. 11km.SW, Santa Marta, VI-I-1968”. “Borys Malkin, Collector”. “ Coelioxys (Acrocoelioxys) sp., T. Griswold det.89”. Valle del Cauca. 1 male ( BMNH). “ COLOMBIA: Valle, Dagua, C. 1,000m., 19.i.1977, M. Cooper, B.M. 1977-84 ”. 1 male ( SEMC). “ COLOMBIA: Valle., Loboguerrera [sic] (=Lobo Guerrero), 740 m., IX-25-76. Bell, Breed & Michener”. “ SEMC 1177464, KUNHM-ENT”. FRENCH GUIANA. Cayenne. 1 female (CNCIAN). “ French Guiana: Kourou, Ave St Exupery, Kourou, 5º 10.3851N 62º 39.468W, 16.xii.2006 – 22ft, S. Cardinal, A. Barnett”. GUYANA. East Berbice-Corentyne Region. 1 female ( BMNH). “Courantyne Coast, Berbice, BRITISH GUIANA, August 1915 ”. “Press. by, Imp. Bur. Ent., Brit. Mus., 1923-21.”. “G.E. Bodkin, Collector.”. “Inhabiting, desused [sic] (=disused) borings, in timber”. “ Coelioxys rostrata, Friese ”. PANAMA. Panamá. 1 male ( BBSL). “#7”. “Juan Mina, C.Z., VIII-15-1945, C.D. Michener”. “as det. 1982 in, T.B. Mitchell, collection”. “ Coelioxys (Cyrtocoelioxys) sp.C, T Griswold det.89”. “NativeBeeSurvey, BBSL, Logan, Utah, USA, BBSL 224177”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “#45”, “ UK ”, “ Crytocoelioxys [sic] (= Cyrtocoelioxys) as det. 1982 in, T.B. Mitchell, collection”, “224179”. 1 male ( BBSL). “Ft. Kobbe, Panama C.Z., IX-1946 ”. “N.L.H. Krauss”. “ Coelioxys sp.?, Det. C.D. Michener”. “ UK ”. “NativeBeeSurvey, BBSL, Logan, Utah, USA, BBSL 224178”. TRINIDAD & TOBAGO. 1 female ( USNM). “H.M. Rohwer, Trinidad, 5/20/20 ”. “ Coelioxys rostrata Fr., Det. J.S. Moure 1957 ”. Saint Augustine. 1 female ( BMNH). “ TRINIDAD: Curepe, Santa Margarita, Malaise Trap 8- 14.vi.72, B.R. Pitkin, BM 1975-162”. Tunapuna-Piarco. 1 female (CNCIAN). “CUREPE, TRINIDAD W.I., 27- 3-1961, N. Gopaul Coll.”. VENEZUELA. Aragua. 1 female and 2 males ( USNM). “ VENEZUELA: Aragua, 2 km N Ocumare, de la costa, 31-III-2-IV-1981 ”. “A.S. Menke, L. Hollemberg, Collectors”. Mérida. 1 female ( USNM). “ VENEZUELA: Merida, 38 km SW Merida, 11-IV-1981 ”. “A.S. Menke, L. Hollemberg, Collectors”. Zulia. 1 female ( BBSL). “ VENEZUELA: Zulia, 15kmN Carrasquero, 29 May 1976, A.S. Menke & D. Vincent”. “ Coelioxys (Rhin.) rostrata, Friese 1922 [sic] (=1921), Det. L. Correia da Rocha, Filho 2013, BBSL 878158”. 1 male ( BBSL). “ VENEZUELA: Zulia, Carrasquero, 29–30 May 1976, A.S. Menke & D. Vincent”. “ Coelioxys (Rhin.) rostrata, Friese 1922 [sic] (=1921), Det. L. Correia da Rocha, Filho 2013, BBSL 878157”. 3 females ( USNM). “ VENEZUELA: Zulia, Carrasquero, 15 June 1976, A.S. Menke & D. Vincent”. 1 female ( USNM). Idem, except “ Coelioxys sp.#4, G.Bohart”. 1 male ( USNM). “ VENEZUELA: Zulia, Carrasquero, 29–30 May 1976, A.S. Menke & D. Vincent”. 1 male ( USNM). Idem, except “ Coelioxys sp.#5, G.Bohart”. 1 male ( USNM). “ VENEZUELA: Zulia, Puerto De Cata, 10–11 June 1976, A.S. Menke & D. Vincent”.

Figures

FIGURE 3. C. barbata. Frontal view of head. FIGURES 4 – 6. C. paraguayensis. 4. Dorsal view of mesoscutum and mesoscutellum. 5. Ventral view of S 5. 6. Frontal view of head (for ocular hairs). FIGURE 7. C. nasidens. Dorsal view of mesoscutum and mesoscutellum. FIGURE 8. C. clypearis. Dorsal view of mesoscutum and mesoscutellum. FIGURE 9. C. agilis. Dorsal view of mesoscutum and mesoscutellum. FIGURE 10. C. zapoteca. Ventral view of S 5 and S 6. FIGURE 11. C. clypearis. Ventral view of S 5 and S 6. FIGURE 12. C. zapoteca. Frontal view of head (for ocular hairs). (Scale bar = 1.5 mm).