Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) zapoteca Cresson

Filho, Léo Correia Da Rocha & Packer, Laurence, 2015, Revision of the Neotropical subgenera Coelioxys (Platycoelioxys) Mitchell and C. (Rhinocoelioxys) Mitchell (Hymenoptera; Megachilidae) with the description of one new species, Zootaxa 3941 (2), pp. 151-203 : 182-193

Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) zapoteca Cresson

( Figs 13 A–I, 14A– O, 15, 16F, 16L, 17F, 17L)

Coelioxys zapoteca Cresson, 1878: 99 .

Coelioxys clypeata Smith, 1879: 104 . syn. nov.

Coelioxys leucochrysea Cockerell, 1914: 311 . syn. nov. Coelioxys angustivalva Holmberg, 1916: 587 . syn. nov. Coelioxys doelloi Holmberg, 1916: 588 . syn. nov. Coelioxys blabera Holmberg, 1916: 590 . syn. nov. Coelioxys mesopotamica Holmberg, 1918: 163 . syn. nov. Coelioxys bilobata Friese, 1921: 448 . syn. nov.

Coelioxys bilobata schenki Friese, 1921: 449 . syn. nov. Coelioxys bullaticeps Friese, 1921: 463 . syn. nov.

Diagnosis. Females of C. zapoteca are very distinctive mainly due to the thickened and produced clypeus apically and the extreme variation of its apex which varies from straight to strongly bilobed. In the female the apical margin of clypeus is emarginate with two divergent, thick, pointed lobes. Other species in the subgenus have a small triangular excision medially on the apical margin of the clypeus ( C. agilis ), an apicomedial tuberculate process ( C. barbata and C. paraguayensis ), the apical margin weakly emarginate ( C. clypearis ), horseshoe-shaped ( C. nasidens ) or simple, nearly truncate ( C. platygnatha ). Another diagnostic character of the females is the fringe composed of short brown setae at the apex of S5, a characteristic also found in C. platygnatha but this species can be differentiated from C. zapoteca by the strongly flattened dorsoventrally mandibles. Other species of the subgenus S5 has no fringe ( C. agilis , C. clypearis and C. nasidens ) or a fringe composed of long brownish setae ( C. barbata and C. paraguayensis ). Males can be differentiated from the other species by the hypostomal concavity, which is hirsute only anteriorly and by the shape of the mesoscutellum, with a somewhat impunctate dorso-median ridge. In other species the hypostomal concavity is hirsute throughout ( C. agilis ), almost bare but with a single row of white hairs at its dorsal carinate margin ( C. clypearis and C. nasidens ) or hirsute anteriorly as in C. zapoteca but the mesoscutellum lacks a dorso-median ridge ( C. barbata and C. paraguayensis ).

Redescription. Female. (DZMG). “Abelhas da Zona, Metalúrgica MG, COPASA/Barre, 5446-14880”. “Belo Horizonte MG, BRASIL 06/05/1999, J. C. Moreira”. “ Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) clypeata Smith, 1879 , F.A. Silveira, det. 2000”.

Measurements. Body length: 7.50 mm; forewing length: 5.31 mm; head width: 2.29 mm. Coloration. Black except as follow: S6 dark brown to black; antenna dark brown; mandible, legs, sterna, pronotal lamella, lateral surfaces of T1–T4 red to reddish; S5 dark brown towards apex; tegula yellowish to light brown; wings subhyaline; veins brownish.

Pubescence. Pale, subappressed on: Paraocular area, below the thickened apical margin of clypeus, gena, mandible basally, labrum, complete transverse fascia on anterior margin of mesoscutum, mesepisternum, legs, basal fascia of T1 and apical fasciae of sterna. Ocular hairs pale, long (about 0.12 mm). Scattered erect, slender, brownish setae on paraocular area, supraclypeal area, clypeus, sparsely on mandible. Upper paraocular area with long, brown hairs distinct from those of adjacent regions, oriented mesad, apices of some hairs from each side almost meeting medially. Supraclypeal area, clypeus covered with minute, appressed, slender yellowish hairs. Apical margin of clypeus covered with thick, brown hairs. Slender, erect, yellow setae arising from punctures on vertex and mesoscutum. Thick, yellow setae on tarsi. T2–T5 apical fasciae composed of appressed, plumose, white hairs. Erect, sparse brownish setae on lateral margins of S5.

Surface sculpture. Ocellar area coarsely punctate; vertex moderately densely punctate, interspaces between punctures longer than puncture diameter, ocellocular area sparsely punctate; mesoscutum, mesepisternum punctate, mesoscutellum coarsely, densely punctate, dorso-median ridge nearly impunctate; axilla coarsely, densely punctate, without shining areas; T1 moderately densely punctate, interspaces between punctures shining, larger than the puncture diameter; pregradular areas of T2–T5 moderately densely punctate, interspaces shining, smooth; postgradular areas of T2–T5 shining, with sparse punctures forming transverse row with additional small punctures medioposteriorly, T6 densely punctate, punctures very small, well separated, more densely punctate apically; S1 punctate; postgradular areas of S2–S4 moderately densely punctate basally, sparsely towards apex, postgradular area of S5 sparsely punctate basally, more densely punctate towards apex.

Structure. Apical margin of clypeus emarginate, forming two divergent, pointed lobes (but see section on variation for the wide range of forms found within this species). Mesoscutellum with dorso-median ridge medially, subtriangular, posterior margin obtusely angulate. Axilla long, acute. T6 subacute apically, without sulcus laterally. Dorso-median line of T6 obsolescent except forming discrete ridge apically with shallow, obsolescent depression on each side. Apex of S5 truncate. S6 slender, elongate, lateral margins convergent apically, notches obsolete, tip subacute. Hemitergite 7 much longer than wide, area subtended by the marginal ridge narrow; apodemal region greatly produced anteriorly; lateral process reduced; spiracle close to apical margin of lamina spiracularis; lateral lamella wider than lamina spicularis. Dorsal arm of furcula long. Gonostylus subacute apically.

Male. (DZMG). “ Brasil, MG, Belo Horizonte, 27.ii.1992, M.R. Pimenta, UFMG IHY 1316941”. Measurements. Body length: 6.77 mm; forewing length: 4.89 mm; head width: 2.29 mm. Coloration. As in female.

Pubescence. As in female except as follows: Face densely covered with pale hairs, hypostomal concavity with shorter patch of short, white hairs anteriorly, posterior margin of hypostomal concavity with long, curved white hairs. Apical white fasciae of T2–T5 broadly interrupted medially, gradular grooves of T2–T6 covered with white hairs. Apical half of pregradular area of S6 densely setose, less setose on outer margins.

Surface sculpture. As in female except as follows: Punctures on mesoscutum, mesepisternum larger, elliptical; postgradular areas of T2 and T3 with elliptical, transverse, densely punctate area medially on each side, composed of small punctures basally, larger punctures apicolaterally; T6 sparsely punctate basally, densely punctate laterally and on dorsomedian excavation, dorsal ridges sparsely punctate; postgradular area of S5 moderately densely punctate, interspaces among punctures shining.

Structure. As in female except as follows: Hypostomal concavity almost bare, shorter than half length of compound eye. Spine-like processes of T5 separated from the surface of the tergum apically. Lateral processes of T6 long, acute, slightly divergent; dorsal processes short, broad, rounded apically, divergent; ventral processes long, acute. Apical margin of T7 semicircular, rounded apically, not produced. Apical impressed area of S4 interrupted by a pair of apicomedial extensions from disc, these extensions delimiting a flat U-shaped area, arms of the flattened process subequal to, or shorter than, the distance that separates them. Apical rim of S4 bare medially, narrowly depressed, weakly emarginate. Apical margin of S5 simple, gradulus angulate towards base. Gradulus of S6 indistinct, U-shaped, nearly reaching basal margin, pregradular areas narrow, elongate, weakly sclerotized on inner margins, strongly sclerotized on outer margins, narrowly acute at base, postgradular area transparent medially, broad at base, basal membranous lip rounded. S7 obsolescent, represented by two small sclerites. S8 rounded basally. Gonocoxa compressed laterally, equal to penis valve in length, with some long setae apically.

Variation. In females the apical margin of clypeus variously modified: Nearly truncate, slightly emarginate, emarginate and forming two rounded lobes, emarginate and forming two divergent, pointed lobes, bilobed and forming two divergent, thickened lobes laterally and strongly bilobed, forming two divergent, thick lobes with a bare area medially.

Comments. Moure (1951) redescribed the female of this species (as C. clypeata ) and a detailed redescription of both sexes was provided by Mitchell (1973). This species is the most widely distributed of the subgenus, ranging from San Luis Potosí State in Mexico to Santa Fé Department, Argentina. The clypeus in females is thickened and produced apically and the apical margin can be straight, nearly truncate, emarginate, forming two rounded lobes or even strongly bilobed, with two pointed thick lobes. This variation led some taxonomists to describe different species based on this character: C. clypeata recognized by Smith (1879) by its bilobed clypeus, and C. bilobata and its subspecies C. bilobata schenki , both described by Friese (1921). Holmberg (1918) described the species C. mesopotamica based on a male and stressed the deeply bilobed clypeus of this specimen. As Coelioxys males have no modifications of the clypeus and considering Holmberg’s description, we conclude that this holotype, which seems to no longer exist, was actually a composite specimen, with a female head attached to a male body. A female labeled by Holmberg as C. mesopotamica was found by A. Roig-Alsina at MACN. According to him, this specimen was collected by P. Jörgensen on X-20-1909, a few days later than the holotype described by Holmberg (X-11-1909). The female has no head but otherwise agrees with all the characters found in C. zapoteca . The species described by Friese as C. bilobata also agrees with all the characteristics of C. zapoteca and thus is considered herein as a junior synonym, as is its subspecies C. bilobata schenki .

Although usually a robust character, the shape of the apical margin of the clypeus in females of this species is remarkably variable ( Fig. 14 ). The strongly bilobed form ( Fig. 14 O) seems to be the least common, but females with an almost truncate apex or a less strongly emarginate apical margin are found throughout the species’ range. Males from Southern Mexico to Central Argentina do not exhibit any geographically delimitated variation that might be suggestive of there being more than one species. This decision is corroborated by the results of DNA barcoding: the wide range of clypeal forms of females of this species and specimens from Mexico, Costa Rica and Paraguay belong to the same sequence cluster with minimal sequence divergence ( Fig. 18 ).

In the light of the above, we consider C. clypeata , C. leucochrysea , C. angustivalva , C. blabera , C. doelloi , C. mesopotamica , C. bullaticeps , C. bilobata and the subspecies C. bilobata schenki to be junior synonyms of C. zapoteca .

Floral Records. Cornutia pyramidata L. (cited as Cornuta grandifloria [sic] (= Cornutia grandifolia )) ( Lamiaceae ), Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J.F. Macbr. (cited as C. balsamona ) ( Lythraceae ) (Michener, 1954); Bidens pilosa L., Cosmos caudatus Kunth (Asteraceae) , Amphilophium paniculatum (L.) Kunth ( Bignoniaceae ) ( Mitchell, 1973); Lippia salviifolia Cham. (Verbenaceae) ( Andena et al., 2005); Gomphrena serrata L. (cited as G. dispersa ) ( Amaranthaceae ), Helianthus sp., Piptocarpha lundiana (Less.) Baker , Wedelia glauca (Ortega) O. Hoffm. ex Hicken (cited as Pascalia glauca ) ( Asteraceae ), Varroni a inerm is (Mill.) Borhidi (cited as Cordia inermis ) ( Boraginaceae ), Acacia martiusiana Steud. (Burkart) (cited as A. adherina [sic] (= adhaerens )), Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Br. ex Britton & P. Wilson (cited as L. geminata ), Marrubium vulgare L. ( Lamiaceae ), Solanum nudum Dunal (Solanaceae) (Data from the labels).

Host Records. According to data from the literature, unidentified species of Megachile are attacked by C. zapoteca ( Woiski, 2009; CA Garófalo, unpublished data).

Geographical distribution. Argentina (Buenos Aires, Entre Ríos, Misiones, Salta, Santa Fé, Tucumán), Belize ( Belize, Cayo), Bolivia (Beni, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz, Tarija), Brazil (Amazonas, Bahia, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Pará, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, São Paulo), Colombia (Caquetá, Guaviare, Magdalena), Costa Rica (Alajuela, Cartago, Guanacaste, Heredia, Limón, San José), Ecuador (Guayas, Loja, Napo), El Salvador (La Libertad), Guatemala (Baja Verapaz), Guyana (Cuyuni-Mazaruni), Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, San Luis Potosí, Tabasco, Veracruz), Nicaragua (Río San Juan), Paraguay (Caaguazú, Guairá), Peru (Cusco, Junín, Lima, Madre de Dios), Trinidad & Tobago (Saint Augustine, Saint George, San Juan-Laventille), Venezuela (Amazonas) ( Fig. 15 ).

Material examined. Lectotype [designated by Cresson (1916)]. Coelioxys zapoteca . MEXICO. 1 female ( ANSP). “ Mex.”. “ HoloTYPE, 2483”. “ ANSP ”. “ zapoteca ”. Syntype. Coelioxys clypeata . BRAZIl. Amazonas. 1 female ( BMNH). “ Type ”. “B.M. TYPE, HYM., 17B.69.”. “ Coelioxys , clypeata , Type Sm.” “Tunan, tins/57, 125”. Holotype. Coelioxys leucochrysea . ECUADOR. Guayas. 1 male ( AMNH). “Guayaquil, Ecua, dor. May-June, 1912. CT. Brues”. “ Coelioxys leucochrysea, Ckll. , TYPE ”. “ac33337”. Paralectotype [unpublished designation]. Coelioxys angustivalva . ARGENTINA. Santa Fé. 1 male ( ZSM). “ Typus ”. “ 15.X.16, Alvear”. “ Marrubium vulgare ”. “Jos. Hubrich, Rosario Sta. Fé”. “Allolectotype, Col. angustivalva Holmbg., M. Schwarz desig. 1986”. “ Typus Nr. H2, angustivalva Holmbg, Zoologische, Staatssammlung, München. ”. “ Holmberg, 1916:587”. Holotype. Coelioxys doelloi . ARGENTINA. Tucumán. 1 female ( MACN). “Alpachiri”. “ Coelioxys doelloi, Holmberg. ”. Holotype. Coelioxys blabera . ARGENTINA. Santa Fé. 1 male (Holotype) ( ZSM). “ Typus ”. “ 5.I.11, Alberdi”. “ Pascalia glauca ”. “Jos. Hubrich, Rosario Sta. Fé”. “ Holotypus, Col. blabera Holmbg., M. Schwarz, 1987”. “ Typus Nr. H3, blabera Holmbg, Zoologische, Staatssammlung, München. ”. “ Holmberg, 1916:590”. Syntypes (8). Coelioxys bilobata . BOLIVIA. Cochabamba. 1 female ( ZMB). “ Bolivia, Tarata, 1900”. “ Coelioxys bilobata, 1900 Friese n. sp. det.”. “ Lectotypus ”. “ Type ”. “Zool. Mus., Berlin”. BRAZIL. Pará. 1 female ( ZMB). “ Brasil, Pará, 26.12.1901, Ducke”. “ Coelioxys bilobata, 1913 Friese Fr. det.”. “Zool. Mus., Berlin”. 1 female ( ZMB). “ Brasil, Pará, 2.1.1902, Ducke”. 1 female ( ZMB). “ Brasil, Pará, 31.12.1900, Ducke”. “ Coelioxys bilobata, 1913 Friese Fr. det.”. 3 males ( ZMB). “ Brasil, Para, 2. 1902, Ducke”. “ Coelioxys bilobata, 1909 Friese Fr. det.”. 1 female ( ZMB). Idem, except “336.”. Holotype. Coelioxys bilobata schenki . BRAZIL. Paraná. 1 female ( ZMB). “ Brasil, Curityba, 1897, Schenk”. “ C. bilobata v. schenki, 1913 Friese Fr. det.”. “ Holotypus ”. “ Type ”. “Zool. Mus., Berlin”. Holotype. Coelioxys bullaticeps . BRAZIL. Santa Catarina. 1 female ( ZMB). “ Brasil, Blumenau, 1897, Virgil”.” Coelioxys bullaticeps, 1913 Friese Fr. det.”. “ Lectotypus ”. “ Type ”. “Zool. Mus., Berlin”.

Additional material: ARGENTINA. Buenos Aires. 3 males ( AMNH). “Arg. – Buenos Aires, La Plata – 3.85, Abrahamovich”. 1 male ( AMNH). Idem, except “B. Aires”. 1 female ( SEMC). “Prov. Buenos, Aires, San, Isidro, Arg., March 16–31 1954, N.M. Senkeute”. “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cresson , as det. 1982 in, T. B. Mitchell, Collection”. “ SEMC 1177025, KUNHM-ENT”. 1 male ( SEMC). “Capital Federal, Buenos Aires, Arg-, entina III-8 1950, M. Senkeute”. “Taken on, Helianthus ”. “ UK ”. “H - 63”. “as det. 1982 in, T. B. Mitchell, Collection”. “ SEMC 1177745, KUNHM-ENT”. 1 male ( SEMC). “Capital Federal, Buenos Aires, Arg II-22-51, J Foerster”.

“ UK ”. “ SEMC 1177629, KUNHM-ENT”. 1 female ( SEMC). Idem, except “Rhino, coel.”, “as det. 1982 in, T. B. Mitchell, Collection”, “1177028”. 1 female ( SEMC). “Punta Lara, Buenos, Aires, Arg XI 1942, A.F. Prosen”. “ UK ”. “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cresson , as det. 1982 in, T. B. Mitchell, Collection”. “ SEMC 1177024, KUNHM- ENT ”. Entre Ríos. 1 male ( AMNH). “ARG. – E. RIOS, SALTO GRANDE, Fritz – 4.78”. 1 female ( AMNH). “ARG. – E. RIOS, SALTO GRANDE, FRITZ COL.”. “ Coelioxys doelloi, Holmberg, Fritz 90”. “ AMNH _ ENT, AMNH _ ENT 00011667”. 3 females and 8 males ( RUAC). “ ARGENTINA, Prov. Buenos, Aires, 13 km. NW. LaPlata, 20 March 1976, 50 m., R. B. Roberts collector”. Misiones. 1 male and 1 female ( BMNH). “ ARGENTINA: Mis., Iguazu Nat. Park, c. 140 m. 8–11.iv.1974., C. & M. Vardy, B.M. 1974-204”. 1 female ( AMNH). “ ARGENTINA, Misiones:, Monte Carlo, August 12, 1974, C. Porter & L. Stange, AMNH _ ENT, AMNH _ ENT 00011666”. 1 female ( MACN). “ X-20-09, Misiones, P.J.”. “ mesopo =, tamica ”. 1 male ( SEMC). “Pto. Bemberg, MISIONES R. A., XI-945 Prosen”. “ UK ”. “ SEMC 1177738, KUNHM-ENT”. Salta. 1 male ( AMNH). “ARG. – SALTA, PQUE. NAC EL REY, XII. 86 - Fritz”. 1 female ( AMNH). “ARG.- SALTA, La Caldera, Fritz – 2.96”. “ Coelioxys doelloi, Holmb., Fritz det97 ”. “ AMNH _ ENT, AMNH _ ENT 00011654”. 3 females ( AMNH). Idem, except “00011655”, “00011657”, “00011658”. 1 female ( AMNH). “ARG.- SALTA, Rosario Lerma, Fritz – XI.92 ”. “ Coelioxys doelloi, Holmb., Fritz det97”. “ AMNH _ ENT, AMNH _ ENT 00011659”. 2 females ( AMNH). Idem, except “00011660”, “00011661”. 1 female ( AMNH). “ARG. – SALTA, CAMINO CORNISA, Km. 1640- XII.86, Fritz”. “ Doelloi [sic] (= doelloi ), Holmberg”. “ AMNH _ ENT, AMNH _ ENT 00011662”. 1 female ( AMNH). Idem, except “ Coelioxys doelloi, Holmberg, Fritz det. 90”. “ AMNH _ ENT, AMNH _ ENT 00011663”. 1 female ( AMNH). “ARG. – SALTA, Chicoana – 3.86, La Goterar Fritz”. “ Doelloi [sic] (= doelloi ), Holmberg”. “ AMNH _ ENT, AMNH _ ENT 00011664”. 1 female ( AMNH). “ARG. – SALTA, Sumalao, Fritz-4.91”. “ AMNH _ ENT, AMNH _ ENT 00011665”. 1 male ( RUAC). “ ARGENTINA, Salta, Prov., 46 Km N Salta, 3 Dec. 1983, 1450 m, (R. B. Roberts)”. 1 female ( RUAC). “ ARGENTINA, Prov. Salta, 15 Km. E. Salta, 16 March 1976, 1400m., R. B. Roberts collector”. 1 female ( RUAC). “ ARGENTINA, Prov. Salta, 15 KM S Río Bermejo, ruta 34, 15 May, 1984, 450 m, (R. B. Roberts)”. 2 males and 3 females ( MCZ). “ARGENT.: Orán, Abra Grande, Salta C. Porter, IV-18 to V-5-69 ”. 1 male ( MCZ). “ARGENT.: Salta, Camp. Jakúlica, Ca. Aguas Blancas, X-68 C. Porter”. 1 female ( MCZ). “ARGENT. nr., Aguas Blancas, Salta, V-1 -, 1968 C. Porter”. 1 female ( MCZ). “ARGENT.: Salta, 24 KmNW Aguas, Blancas, V-9, 1969 C. Porter”. Santa Fé. 1 female (Ansfelden). “ 18.11.17. Alvear”. “ Lippia geminata ”. “Jos. Hubrich, Rosario Sta. Fé”. “Staatssamml., München, Coelioxys angustivalva Holmb. , det. Hübrich”. 1 female (Ansfelden). “ 18.11.17. Alvear”. “ Lippia geminata ”. “Jos. Hubrich, Rosario Sta. Fé”. “UT ALT TYPUS, in coll. ZSM, angustivalva, Holmbg. ”. “Staatssamml., München, Coelioxys angustivalva Holmb. , det. Hübrich”. 1 male ( BBSL). “ 13.5.17, Alvear”. “H2”. “Jos. Hubrich, Rosario Sta. Fé”. “UT Allolecto TYPUS, in coll. Mus. München, C. angustivalva Holmbg., M. Schwarz, 1989 ”. “Native Bee Survey, BBSL Bee Lab, Logan, Utah, USA, BBSL 213301”. 1 female ( BBSL). “13.F.17, Alvear”. “H2”. “Jos. Hubrich, Rosario Sta. Fé”. “ COELIOXYS angustivalva Hlmbg., Max. Schwarz det. 1989”. “NativeBeeSurvey, BBSL, Logan, Utah, USA, BBSL 213427”. Tucumán. 1 male ( RUAC). “ ARGENTINA, Tucumán, Prov., Horco Molle, 15 km west Tucumán, 13 Nov. 1983, 750 m, (R. B. Roberts)”. 1 male ( RUAC). Idem, except “ 5 Nov. 1983 ”. 1 male ( RUAC). Idem, except “ 25 Nov. 1983 ”. 1 female and 3 males ( RUAC). Idem, except “ 11 Dec. 1983 ”. 1 male ( RUAC). “ ARGENTINA, Tucumán, 10 Km NNW San Javier, 3 Mar. 1984, 900 m, (R. B. Roberts)”. 1 female ( RUAC). “ ARGENTINA, Tucumán, Prov., 11 Km north, El Dique Cadillál, 4 Apr. 1984, 750 m, (R. B. Roberts)”. 1 female ( MCZ). “Va. Padre Monti, R. Nlo. Tucumán, ARGENT. Apr. 25 ’66, C.C. Porter”. 1 female and 1 male ( MCZ). “Villa Nougues, Tucuman, ARGENT., XII-5 /8-64, 1250 m C. Porter”. 1 male ( MCZ). “Horco Molle, Tucuman, ARGENT., C.C. Porter, Mar. 25 – Apr. 30 ’66”. BELIZE. Belize. 1 male ( AMNH). “Sibun Riv. 1 mile so. mile 19, Belize Dist., Belize, 5 July 1973, Coll. Y Sedman”. AMNH _ ENT, AMNH _BEE 00013922”. Cayo. 1 female ( BMNH). “ BELIZE: Cayo; Las Cuevas, Research Station, 550m, 16° 43.99N, 88° 59.20W, 1–13.vi.2002, coll. C. Taylor”. “C. Taylor, BMNH (E) 2004-235”. 1 male ( BBSL). “ Belize, Cayo, San Ignacio, 8/ 15-XII-1988, F. D. Parker”. “BBSL-ARS BeeBiol., & Syst. Lab, Logan, Utah, FaunalSurvey, No. 0 0 0 0 13 239”. BOLIVIA. Beni. 1 male ( SEMC). “BOLIVIA-Beni, Rur-, renabaque, 175 mts., 5 October 1956, (L. Peña)”. “ UK ”. “ SEMC 1177519, KUNHM-ENT”. 1 female ( BMNH). “ BOLIVIA: Beni, Rurenabaque [sic] (=Rurrenabaque), 270m., 27.iv.1979., M. Cooper, B.M. 1979-216”. 1 female ( BMNH). Idem, except “ 21.iv.1979 ”. 1 female ( BMNH). Idem, except “ 24.iv.1979 ”. 1 female ( USNM). “Ivon Beni, Bolivia, WM Mann ”. “Febr.” “Mulford, BioExpl, 1921-22 ”. “Det by TDA, Cockerell”. “ Coelioxys bilobata Fr. ”. “probably female of C. mesopotamica Holmb., Det. J.S. Moure 1957 ”. Cochabamba. 1 male ( ZMB). “ Bolivia, Tarata, 1900, Priewasse”. “ Coelioxys boliviensis, 1913 n . Friese Fr. det.”.

“ Typus ”. “Zool. Mus., Berlin”. La Paz. 2 females ( BMNH). “ BOLIVIA: La Paz, Caranavi, 600m., 14.v.1979., M. Cooper, B.M. 1979-216”. 1 female ( BMNH). Idem, except “ 17.v.1919 ”. 3 males ( AMNH). “BOLIVIA-GUANAY, Uyapi – X.95, Gerlach”. 2 males ( AMNH). “Bolivia- Beni, Guanay-Uyapi, Arriagada- 2.70”. 1 male ( USNM). “Covendo, Boliv., WMMann”. “Aug”. “Mulford, BioExpl, 1921-22 ”. “Det by TDA, Cockerell”. “ Coelioxys leucochrysea, Ckll. ”. 1 male ( BBSL). “ BOLIVIA: La Paz, 20 kmS Canari [sic] (=Caranavi), San, Silvestrio [sic] (=Silverio), 21 Mar, 2001 F.D. Parker”. “NativeBeeSurvey, BBSL, Logan, Utah, BBSL 479331”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “666987”. Santa Cruz. 1 male (Ansfelden). “ BOLIVIA, Dep. Santa Cruz, Prov. Ichilo, Nueva-, Moka 400 m Feb. 1962, leg. F. H. Walz”. “ COELIOXYS angustivalva Holmbg., Max. Schwarz det. 1989”. 1 male (Ansfelden). “ BOLIVIA, Dep. Santa Cruz, Assensión [sic] (=Asención), 500 m Nov. 1963, leg. F. H. Walz”. “ COELIOXYS angustivalva Holmbg., Max. Schwarz det. 1989”. 1 male ( USNM). “BUENAVISTA, DEP. STA CRUZ, BOLIVIA, 450 M. H.” “Meyer”. 1 male ( BBSL). “Sta. Cruz de, la Sierra, Bol., 450 m., J. Steinbach”. “C.M., Acc. 4548”. “Native Bee Survey, BBSL Bee Lab, Logan, Utah, USA, BBSL 213879”. 1 male ( BBSL). “Buenavista, Santa Cruz, BOLIVIA, Apr. 1934, Coll: Steinbach”.“ Coelioxys cf. clypeata Smith 1879 , Det. L. Correia da Rocha, Filho 2013, BBSL 878166”. 1 male ( BBSL). “ BOLIVIA Santa Cruz, Parque, Regional de Lomas Arena, 12 Feb 1999 handnet FParker, 17º55.68’S 63º09.71’W ”. “ Coelioxys cf. clypeata Smith 1879 , Det. L. Correia da Rocha, Filho 2013, BBSL 878170”. 1 female ( BBSL). “ BOLIVIA Santa Cruz, 11km, N Boyuibe 2900’ malaise, 6 Mar’99 MIrwin FParker, 20º23.75’S 63º22.22’W ”. “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cresson 1878 , Det. L. Correia da Rocha, Filho 2013, BBSL 878163”. 1 female ( BBSL). “Buenavista, Prov. Ichille, Dep Santa Cruz, BOLIVIA 400m., Col: F. Steinbach”. “Boh.”. “ Coelioxys zapoteka [sic] (= zapoteca ) Cresson, as det. 1982 in T.B., Mitchell collection”. “NativeBeeSurvey, BBSL, Logan, Utah, USA, BBSL 213317”. 1 female and 6 males ( RUAC). “ BOLIVIA, Dpto. Santa Cruz, 34 km. S. Santa Cruz de la, Sierra, 24 Feb. 1976, 500 m, R. B. Roberts coll.”. Tarija. 1 female ( MCZ). “ BOLIVIA: 100 km, N. Bermejo V-8, 1969 C. Porter”. BRAZIL. Amazonas. 1 female ( AMNH). “ BRASIL – RIO JAVARI, ESTIRAO DO EQUADOR, Alvarenga – X.79 ”. “ PMA. MESOPOTAM., 6º tergo agudo, clipeo p. + largo”. Bahia. 1 male ( BMNH). “ BAHIA ILHEUS, VII-14-21-1965, Laroca, Mitchell, leg”. “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cress. , det. Mitch.”. Mato Grosso. 1 female ( MZUSP). “ Brasil, Mato Grosso, Parque Nacional da, Chapada dos Guimarães, 06-11.xi.2008, Julia Almeida”. 1 male ( ANSP). “Jan.”. “Chapada”. “ ANSP ”. “On loan from: Academy of Nat. Sci.-Phila: November 27, 2013 Loan #: 30.69”. 1 male ( ANSP). Idem, except “concavity broad”, “as det. 1982 in T.B. Mitchell collection”. 1 male ( ANSP). Idem, except “#8”. 3 males ( ANSP). “Jan.”. “Chapada”. “ Coelioxys sp., det. T. Griswold, 1987”. “On loan from: Academy of Nat. Sci.-Phila: November 27, 2013 Loan #: 30.69”. 2 males ( ANSP). Idem, except “Dec.”. 1 male ( ANSP). Idem, except “March”. 1 female ( ANSP). “March”. “Chapada”. “ ANSP ”. “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cresson , as det. 1982 in T.B., Mitchell collection”. “On loan from: Academy of Nat. Sci.-Phila: November 27, 2013 Loan #: 30.69”. Minas Gerais. 1 male ( ZMB). “Minas Geraës [sic] (Gerais), Brasil 1897, ex coll. Fruhstorfer”. 1 female ( DZMG). “Abelhas da Zona, Metalúrgica MG, Est. Ecológica, 0535-1310”. “Belo Horizonte MG, BRASIL 24/10/1996, Y. Antonini”. “ Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) clypeata Smith, 1879 , F.A. Silveira, det. 2000”. 1 female ( DZMG). “Abelhas da Zona, Metalúrgica MG, Pq. Mangabeiras, 3060-9015”. “Belo Horizonte MG, BRASIL 01/10/1998, G. Sousa”. “ Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) clypeata Smith, 1879 , F.A. Silveira, det. 2000”. 1 female ( DZMG). “Abelhas da Zona, Metalúrgica MG, 20º22’S 43º25’W, 7165-21264”. “Mariana MG, BRASIL 14/10/2000, E F. Morato”. 1 female ( DZMG). “ Brasil, MG, Ipaba, 22.x.2005, Y. Antonini, UFMG IHY 1316954”. 1 female ( DZMG). Idem, except “1316949”. 1 female ( DZMG). Idem, except “Marliéria”, “1316952”. 1 female ( DZMG). Idem, except “Marliéria”, “ 15.x.2005 ”, “1316950”. 1 female ( DZMG). “ Brasil, MG, Marliéria, 3.xi.2004, UFMG IHY 1316957”. 1 female ( DZMG). “ Brasil, MG, Marliéria, 10.xi.2004, J.C.R. Fontenelle, UFMG IHY 1316956”. 1 female ( DZMG). Idem, except “ 27.x.2004 ”, “1316958”. 1 female ( DZMG). Idem, except “ 20.x.2004 ”, “1316946”. 1 female ( DZMG). Idem, except “ 3.xi.2004 ”, “1316944”. 1 female ( DZMG). Idem, except “Bello Horizonte”, “ 10.x.1999 ”, “1316943”. 1 female ( DZMG). Idem, except “Belo Horizonte”, “ 12.x.1999 ”, “1316942”. 1 male ( DZMG). “Abelhas da Zona, Metalúrgica, Campus UFMG, 3345-9849”. “Belo Horizonte MG, BRASIL 17/03/ 1997, D. A. Yanega”. “ Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) clypeata Smith, 1879 , F.A. Silveira, det. 2000”. 1 male ( DZMG). Idem, except “3445-10109”, “ 27/10/1997 ”. 1 female ( DZMG). Idem, except “Metalúrgica MG, COPASA/Barre, 5446-14880”, “ 06/05/1999, J. C. Moreira”. 1 male ( DZMG). “ Brasil, MG, Belo Horizonte, 27.ii.1992, M.R. Pimenta, UFMG IHY 1316941”. 1 male ( DZMG). Idem, except “ 16.i.1992, 1316940”, “ Coelioxys sp., F.A. Silveira, det. 1998”. 1 female ( DZMG). “ Brasil, MG, Marliéria, Pq. Est. Rio Doce, 19.vii.1996, F.A. Silveira, UFMG IHY 1316939”. “ Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) clypeata Smith, 1879 , F.A.

Silveira, det. 2000”. Pará. 1 female ( LACM). “ Brasil, Para, 19.12.1901, Ducke”. “ Coelioxys bilobata, 1900 Friese Fr. det.”. “ LACM ENT 317988”. 1 male ( ZMB). “Pará, 6.10.99, Ducke”. “ Coelioxys brachyvalva, 1913 Friese Fr. det.”. Paraná. 1 male ( MZUSP). “Foz do Iguaçu, PR, W. Wilms, col., 5.3.1996 ”. “ Coelioxys spec.”. 1 female ( RPSP). “ RPSP, 12.2659”. “ Brasil, Paraná, Tunas do, Paraná. Parque Estadual, de Campinhos, 25º02’S, 49º05’W, Alt. 860m, V. 2008. J.C. Almeida, col”. 1 female ( AMNH). “ BRAZIL, Rolandia Parana, April 1948 ”. “A. Maller, Coll., Frank Johnson, Donor”. “ Coelioxys zapoteca, Cress. , det. Mich.”. “ AMNH _ ENT, AMNH _BEE 00013921”. 1 female ( AMHH). “ BRAZIL, Paraná:, Vila Velha, February 5, 1974 ”. “J. G. Rozen, F. C. Thompson, Collectors”. “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cr. , TGriswold det89”. Rio de Janeiro. 1 male ( ZMB). “ Brasil, Rio de Janeiro, 1897, Peckolt”. “ Coelioxys peckolti, 1913 n . Friese F. det.”. “Zool. Mus., Berlin”. Santa Catarina. 1 male ( ZMB). “ Brasilien, St. Cath. Joinville, Schmalz S. V.”. “2. Kopa”. 1 male ( SEMC). “Nova Teutonia, S. Catarina Braz., II-8- 46, Fritz Plaumann”. “ UK ”. “ SEMC 1177434, KUNHM-ENT”. 1 male ( SEMC). Idem, except “1177435”. 1 male ( SEMC). Idem, except “ II-21-46 ”, “1177436”. 1 male ( SEMC). Idem, except “ II-12 51 ”, “1177442”. 1 male ( SEMC). Idem, except “ II-3-46 ”, “#8”, “as det. 1982 in, T. B. Mitchell, Collection”, “1177433”. 1 female ( SEMC). “Nova Teutonia, S. Catarina Braz., 8-II-54, Fritz Plaumann”. “ UK ”. “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cresson , as det. 1982 in T. B., Mitchell Collection”. “ SEMC 1177018, KUNHM-ENT”. 1 female ( SEMC). Idem, except “ II-8-46 ”, “1177014”. 1 female ( SEMC). Idem, except “ V-9-51 ”, “1177015”. 1 male ( SEMC). “Nova Teutonia, Santa Catarina, Brasil III-9-50, Fritz Plaumann”. “ UK ”. “ SEMC 1177439, KUNHM-ENT”. 1 male ( SEMC). Idem, except “1177440”. 1 male ( SEMC). Idem, except “1177441”. 1 male ( SEMC). Idem, except “#8”, “, as det. 1982 in, T. B. Mitchell, Collection”. “ SEMC 1177438, KUNHM-ENT”. 1 male ( SEMC). “Nova Teutonia, Santa Catarina, Brasil XII 1952, F. Plaumann”. “ UK ”. “ SEMC 1177444, KUNHM-ENT”. 1 female ( SEMC). “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cresson , as det. 1982 in T. B., Mitchell Collection”, “1177016”. 1 female ( SEMC). Idem, except “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cresson , as det. 1982 in T. B., Mitchell Collection”. “1177017”. 1 male ( SEMC). “Nova Teutonia, Santa Catarina, Brasil 9-IV-1954, Fritz Plaumann”. “ UK ”. “ SEMC 1177446, KUNHM-ENT”. 1 male ( SEMC). Idem, except “1177447”. 1 male ( SEMC). Idem, except “ 14-IV-1954 ”, “1177448”. 1 male ( SEMC). Idem, except “ 15-IV-1954 ”, “1177449”. 1 male ( SEMC). Idem, except “ 20-IV-1954 ”, “1177450”. 1 male ( SEMC). Idem, except “ 21-8-1954 ”, “1177451”. 1 male ( SEMC). “Nova Teutonia, Santa Caterina [sic] (=Catarina), Brasil XII-1950, L. E. Plaumann”. “ UK ”. “ SEMC 1177643, KUNHM-ENT”. 1 male ( SEMC). Idem, except “ X-1951, “1177644”. 1 male ( SEMC). Idem, except “ XI-1951, “1177645”. 1 female ( SEMC). Idem, except “ XII-1951 ”, “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cresson , as det. 1982 in T. B., Mitchell Collection”, “1177022”. 1 female ( SEMC). Idem, except “ XII-1951 ”, “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cresson , as det. 1982 in T. B., Mitchell Collection”, “1177023”. 1 male ( SEMC). Idem, except “#63”, “ XI-1951 ”, “ Glyptocoelioxys, as det. 1982 in T. B., Mitchell Collection”, “1176814”. 1 male ( SEMC). “ Brasilien, Nova Teutonia, 27°11’B 52°23’L, Frtiz Plaumann, 17 Dec 1949, 300– 500 m. ”. “ UK ”. “Leg. Mim(25), Acacia , adherina [sic] (= adhaerens)”. “ SEMC 1177437, KUNHM-ENT”. 1 female ( SEMC). Idem, except “ 30 II 1956 ”, “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cresson , as det. 1982 in T. B., Mitchell Collection”, “1177020”. 1 female ( SEMC). “Nova Teutonia, Santa Catarina, Brasil 24-II-1954, Fritz Plaumann”. Coelioxys zapoteca Cresson , as det. 1982 in T. B., Mitchell Collection”. “ret.5”. “ SEMC 1177019, KUNHM-ENT” 1 female ( AMNH). “ III-1963, Brasilien, Nova Teutonia, 27º11’B 52º23’L, III, Fritz Plaumann, 300–500 m ”. 1 male ( AMNH). “Nova Teutonia, Santa Catarina, Brasil, II-22-1946, 27º11’La.52º23’Lo.”. “Fritz Plaumann, Collector”. 1 male ( LACM). “ VI-8- 1960, Brasilien, Nova Teutonia, 27º11’B 52º23’L, III, Fritz Plaumann, 300–500 m ”. “ Piptocarpha landiana [sic] (= lundiana )”. “Snell”. “ LACM ENT 317986”. 1 female ( LACM). “ III-23-1961, Brasilien, Nova Teutonia, 27º11’B 52º23’L, III, Fritz Plaumann, 300–500 m ”. “Snell”. “ Coelioxys clypeata Smith , as det. 1982 in, T.B. Mitchell, collection”. “ LACM ENT 317987”. 1 male ( USNM). “St. Catharina, Brazil ”. 1 male ( BBSL). “Nova Teutonia, Santa Catarina, BRASIL Nov. 1953, F. Plaumann”. “ Coelioxys clypeata Smith 1879 , Det. L. Correia da Rocha, Filho 2013, BBSL 878154”. São Paulo. 1 female (Ansfelden). “Rio Preto, 15 April 1930, A. Seitz leg.”. “Senckenberg-, Museum, Frankfurt/Main”. “ angustivalva Holmb., M. Schwarz det. 1987”. “ angusti =, valva Holmbg.”. 1 male ( AMNH). “ BRAZIL, São Paulo:, Mogi-Guacu, January 23, 1974 ”. “J. G. Rozen, F. C. Thompson, J. S. Moure, Collectors”. “ Coelioxys (Glyptocoelioxys) spp., T Griswold det 89”. 1 female ( CAVS). “ BRASIL, SP., Corumbataí, Cerrado de Corumbataí, 26/iii/2001, Andena, S.R. col.”. “ Coelyoxis [sic] (= Coelioxys ) sp, Laroca, S. Det., (2001)”. “ 26/iii/2001, T2, 4:55, pl 91, 734”. 1 female ( CAVS). “ SERRA DO JAPI, JUNDIAÍ- SP-BR, J-215, 3.VII.1995 ”. “Camillo, Augusto, Serrano leg.”. “17”. “ Coelioxys clypeata Sm., T Griswold det”. “ Coelioxys clypeata ”. 1 male ( CAVS). Idem, except “J-201, 16.VI.1995 ”, “16”. 1 male ( CAVS). Idem, except “J- 197, 3.VI.1995 ”, “15”. 1 male ( MZUSP). “Barueri, São Paulo, Brasil, 25.VI.1966, K. Lenko col.”. 1 female ( MZUSP). “Est Goyaz, Campinas 1935, R. Spitz coll”. “ Coelioxys ignava Sm. ”. 1 female ( MZUPS). “Barueri, São Paulo – Brasil, 10-II-1962, K. Lenko col.”. 1 female ( MZUSP). Idem, except “ 17.III.1962 ”. 1 female ( MZUPS). Idem, except “ 8-IV-61 ”. 1 female ( MZUSP). “Caraguatatuba—SP, (Res. Flor. 40m., VII – 1965, Exp. Dep. Zool”. COLOMBIA. Caquetá. 1 female ( BMNH). “ COLOMBIA: Caqueta, Yuruyaco, 73k.sw Flo-, rencia 8.ii.1979, M. Cooper, B.M. 1979-106”. Guaviare. 1 male ( BMNH). “ COLOMBIA: Vaupes, Calamar, 450 m., 19.ii.1972, M. Cooper, B.M. 1972-275”. Magdalena. 1 female ( BMNH). “ COLOMBIA: Magd., 7km.E.Santa Marta, Dry tropical forest, 6.xii.1974. M. Cooper, B.M. 1975-33”. COSTA RICA. Alajuela. 1 male ( ZMB). “ Costa Rica, San Mateo, 3. 1921”. “ Coelioxys ventralis, Friese det. Fr. 25”. 1 female ( AMNH). “ Costa Rica, San Mateo, 30 1921”. “Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., Dept. Invert. Zool., No. 25594”. “ Typus ”. “ Coelioxys bilobata, 1921 Friese Fr. det.”. 1 female ( BBSL). “ COSTA RICA Alaj., Bijagua, 20 km S, Upala, 10–29 May, 1991 FD Parker”. “NativeBeeSurvey, BBSL, Logan, Utah, USA, BBSL 179511”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 1–11 June ”, “179512”. 1 female ( BBSL). “ COSTA RICA Alaj., Bijagua, 20 km 2, Upala, 10–29 May, 1991 FD Parker”. “Native Bee Survey, BBSL Bee Lab, Logan, Utah, USA, BBSL 179514”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “179515”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “179516”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “179517”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “179518”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 11–21 June ”, “ Coelioxys clypeata Sm., T Griswold det 96”, “179513”. Cartago. 1 female ( RUAC). “ COSTA RICA, 1964, (R.B. & G. Roberts)”. “Cartago Prov., Turrialba, 17 July 1964 ”. “ Coelioxys clypeata Sm., det. Mitch.”. “Rutgers University, RUAC _ ENT 00005519”. Guanacaste. 1 male ( EMEC). “ O.T.S. Ecosyst, Analysis, Specimen #, 11389”. “ Costa Rica: Comelco, 8 km NW Bagaces, Guanacaste VII-20-71 ”. “P. Opler, collector”. “ Cordia inermis ”. “ Coelioxys clypeata Smith, T Griswold det 88”. “ UC Berkeley, EMEC 734000”. 1 female ( EMEC). “ O.T.S. Ecosyst, Analysis, Specimen #, 11970”. “C. RICA: 4 mi NW, Canas [sic] (=Cañas), La Pacifica, Guan. VIII-18-71, P.A. Opler Collr.”. “ Solanum nudum ”. “ Coelioxys clypeata Smith, T Griswold det 88”. “ UC Berkeley, EMEC 734001”. 1 female ( BBSL). “ COSTA RICA Guan., Finca Montezuma, 3km, SE Rio Naranjo, 15-, 24 Apr’ 93 F. Parker”. “NativeBeeSurvey, BBSL, Logan, Utah, USA, BBSL 179523”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “17–22 Apr’ 93”, “179502”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 6–12 Apr. 1993 ”, “179503”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 9–18 Feb 1993 ”, “179504”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 8–18 Jan. 1993 ”, “179505”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 24–29 Jan. ’ 93”, “179506”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 3–10 Aug 1992 ”, “179507”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “ Dec. 1991 ”, “179510”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 25Apr–2 May 1993 ”, “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cr., T Griswold det96”, “179501”. 1 female ( BBSL). “ COSTA RICA Guan., Finca Montezuma, 3km, SE Rio Naranjo, Apr’ 92 F. Parker”. “NativeBeeSurvey, BBSL, Logan, Utah, USA, BBSL 179508”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “179509”. 1 female ( BBSL). “ COSTA RICA Guan., Finca Montezuma, 3 km, SE Rio Naranjo, De., 1991 F. Parker”. “Native Bee Survey, BBSL Bee Lab, Logan, Utah, USA, BBSL 179518”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 5–7 Feb. 1992 ”, “179519”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “Apr’ 1992”, “179520”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 5–30 Apr ’ 1992”, “179521”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “15–24 Apr’ 93”, “179522”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “15–24 Apr’ 93”, “179524”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “22–25 Apr’ 93”, “179525”. Idem, except “ 6–12 Apr. 1993 ”, “179526”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 9–18 Feb 1993 ”, “179527”. Idem, except “18–21 Feb’ 93”, “179528”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “28Dec’ 92-8 Jan’ 93”, “179529”. Idem, except “24–29 Jan’ 93”, “179530”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 6–9 May 1993 ”, “179531”. Idem, except “ 6–9 May 1993 ”, “179532”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “15–20 May’ 93”, “179533”. 1 male ( BBSL). “ COSTA RICA Guan., Finca Montezuma, 3km, 12-, Jun 1993 F. Parker”. “ Coelioxys clypeata Smith 1879 , Det. L. Correia da Rocha, Filho 2013, BBSL 878146”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “878145”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “878147”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “878148”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “878149”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “ Coelioxys cf. spatuliventer , 878144”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 14-18 March 1992 ”, “878152”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 1–11 June 1993 ”, “878142”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 26–31 May 1993 ”, “878141”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 12–20 Mar. 1993 ”, “ Coelioxys cf. clypeata , 878151”. 1 female ( BBSL). “ O.T.S. Ecosyst, Analysis, Specimen #, 11388”. “ Costa Rica: Comelco, 8 km NW Bagaces, Guanacaste VII-20-71 ”. “P. Opler, collector”. “ Cordia inermis ”. “ Coelioxys clypeata Smith, T Griswold det88”. “BBSL-ARS BeeBiol., & Syst. Lab, Logan, Utah, FaunalSurvey, No. 0 0 0 0 13 242”. 1 male ( BBSL). “ COSTA RICA Guante., EJN 14km S Cañas, 27-Aug-1989, F. D. Parker”. “BBSL-ARS BeeBiol., & Syst. Lab, Logan, Utah, FaunalSurvey, No. 0 0 0 0 13 238”. “ Coelioxys clypeata Smith, T Griswold det 88”. 1 male ( BBSL). “ COSTA RICA Guan., 3 km SE R. Naranjo, F. D. Parker, 1994, reared from trap blocks”. “ Coelioxys clypeata Smith 1879 , Det. L. Correia da Rocha, Filho 2013, BBSL 878140”. Heredia. 1 female ( LACM). “ COSTA RICA: Heredia, La Selva Biol. Stn, 10.43ºN. 84.02ºW.22-, 24.vii.1993. B. Brown, D. Feener. Malaise #1”. “ LACM ENT 317982”. 1 female ( EMEC). “ COSTA RICA: Heredia, Prov., La Selva, 4 Km, SE Puerto Viejo, 15-V-1980 ”. “Collected by, Rollin Coville”. “ Coelioxys ”. “ UC Berkeley, EMEC,734295”. Limón. 1 female ( BMNH). “ COSTA RICA: Limon Prov, 16 km W Guapiles on edge, of Braulio Carillo NP, 400 m V 89 Gauld”. 1 female ( LACM). “ COSTA RICA: Limón Province, Hdas. La Suerte /Tapezco, 29 air, km W. Tortuguero, elev. 40 m, lat. 10º27’- 30’N, long. 83º47’W, 13-31 Aug. 1979, JP & KE Donahue, CC Hair, NK Moore, MA Hopkins”. “ LACM / EARTHWATCH, TAPEZCO’S RAINFOREST, EXPEDITION”. “ LACM ENT 317984”. 1 female ( BBSL). “ COSTA RICA Lim., 7 mi N Guacimo, 22 Feb 3 Mar ’88, F. D. Parker”. “ Coelioxys nr. zapoteca, T Griswold det88”. “BBSL-ARS Bee Biol., & Syst. Lab, Logan, Utah, Faunal Survey, No. 0 0 0 0 13 240”. “ Coelioxys clypeata Smith, T Griswold det CWT”. San José. 1 male ( ZMB). “ Costa Rica, San José, 1. 1922”. “ Coelioxys ventralis, Friese det. Fr. 25”. 2 females and 1 male ( ZMB). “ Costa Rica, San José, 1913”. “ Coelioxys bilobata, 1919 Friese Fr. det.”. 1 female ( ZMB). “ Costa Rica, 9. 1922, Stoll”. 1 female ( ZMB). “ Costa Rica, 5. 22”. 1 male ( ZMB). “S. José, Costa Rica, 7. 1898, [Illegible]”. “ Coelioxys albifrons Fr., 1904 Friese det.”. “Zool. Mus., Berlin”. “do not belong, in albifrons 2”. 1 female ( ZMB). “ Costa Rica, S. Jose, 1924”. “ Coelioxys bullaticeps, Friese Fr. det. 25”. “Zool. Mus., Berlin”. 1 female ( BMNH). “ COSTA RICA, Santa Rosa NP, 15.viii-, 31.xii.1984, Janzen”. 1 male (Ansfelden). “ COSTA RICA S.J., Escazu, 1 Jan 1988, F. D. Parker”. “ Coelioxys clypeata Smith , TGriswold det89”. 1 female ( SEMC). “ COSTA RICA, San José, Prov., San José, March 22, 1966, C. D. Michener coll.”. “taken on, Gomphrena dispersa ”. “ Coelioxys clypeata Smith , det. 1972 jrb”. “ SEMC 1177004, KUNHM-ENT”. 1 male ( SEMC). “ COSTA RICA, San Jose Escazu, 5/19 Aug- 1989, F. D. Parker”. “ Coelioxys clypeata Smith , det TGriswold”. “ SEMC 1177005, KUNHM-ENT”. 1 male ( AMNH). “ COSTA RICA, San Jose Escazu, 15-Jul-1989, F. D. Parker”. “ Coelioxys clypeata Smith, T Griswold det 90”. “ AMNH _ ENT, AMNH _ ENT 00011488”. 1 male ( PCYU). “ COSTA RICA: San José, Montecarlo, MORA ref. site, N09º20.521-W083º36.236, Sweep net 28. Viii. 0 5, H. T. Ngo”. “PRICKLY”. 1 female ( USNM). “ COSTA RICA: San Jose, Prov., 3 mi. S Santa, Ana, 28-XII- 1988, A.S. Menke”. 1 male ( BBSL). “ COSTA RICA S.J., Escazu, 16-23 Feb 1988, F. D. Parker”. “BBSL-ARS Bee Biol., & Syst. Lab, Logan, Utah, FaunalSurvey, No. 0 0 0 0 13 222”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “000 0 13 223”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 7-14 Feb 1988 ”, “000 0 13 224”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 7-14 Feb 1988, “000 0 13 225”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 1 Jan 1988 ”, “000 0 13 226”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 17-23 II 1988 ”, “ Coelioxys nr. zapoteca, T Griswold det 88”, “000 0 13 221”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 1 Jan 1988 ”, “000 0 13 241”, “ Coelioxys clypeata Smith , det T Griswold 88”. 1 male ( BBSL). “ COSTA RICA, San Jose, Escazu, 5-Feb-1989 ”. “BBSL-ARS Bee Biol., & Syst. Lab, Logan, Utah, FaunalSurvey, No. 0 0 0 0 13 228”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “000 0 13 229”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “000 0 13 230”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “000 0 13 231”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 22-IV-1989 ”, “000 0 13 227”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “ 9-Sep-1989 ”, “000 0 13 232”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “5/ 19-Aug-1989 ”, “000 0 13 233”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “5/ 19-Aug-1989 ”, “000 0 13 234”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “5/ 19-Aug-1989 ”, “000 0 13 235”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “5/ 19-Aug-1989 ”, “000 0 13 236”, “ Coelioxys clypeata Smith , det T Griswold 88”. 1 male ( BBSL). “ COSTA RICA, San José, prov., San José, March 22, 1966, C.D. Michener coll.”. “taken on, Gomphrena dispersa ”. “NativeBeeSurvey, BBSL, Logan, Utah, BBSL 224175”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “ Coelioxys (Cyrtocoelioxys) sp., T Griswold det89”. 1 male ( BBSL). Idem, except “ Coelioxys (Cyrtocoelioxys) sp.B, T Griswold det89”. ECUADOR. Guayas. 1 male ( USNM). “ Ecuador, Guayaquil, 2. 1924, Buchwald”. “ Coelioxys bilobata, 1913 , Friese Fr. det.”. Loja. 1 female ( AMNH). “ ECUADOR, Zamora., Santiago-Zamora, Prov. 35 mi ESE, Loja, Loja Prov., III-27 / IV-5-1965 ”. “L.E. Pena, Collector”. “ Coelioxys clypeata Smith , TGriswold det89”. AMNH _ ENT, AMNH _BEE 00013925”. Napo. 1 female (Ansfelden). “ ECUADOR, Napo prov., 70kmSW Coca, Loreto, 4.- 10.3. 2002, 300m, leg. Marek Halada”. EL SALVADOR. La Libertad. 1 male ( EMEC). “Quezaltepeque, 6mi. W. EL, SALVADOR, VIII-601963”. “M.E. Irwin &, D.Q. Cavagnaro, Collectors”. “ UC Berkeley, EMEC 734004”. GUATEMALA. Baja Verapaz. 1 female ( BMNH). “S. Geronimo, Guatemala., Champion.”. “Godman-Salvin, Collection., 1911-24.”. GUYANA. Cuyuni-Mazaruni. 1 female ( BMNH). “2576”. “ BRITISH GUIANA:, Essequibo River, Moraballi Creek., VIII-X. 1929, Oxford Univ. Exp., B.M. 1929-485”. “ Coelioxys clypeata Smith , det. Mitch.”. 1 female ( AMNH). “Bartica District, British Guiana, I. VI.1924 ”. “Gift of New York, Zoo. Soc., Dept., Tropical Research, William Beebe, Dir.”. “ Coelioxys clypeata Smith , det. 1972 jrb”. “ Coelioxys bilobata Fr. , det. F.N. Dingemans-Bakels”. 1 female ( AMNH). “Bartica District, British Guiana, 6.V.1924 ”. “Gift of New York, Zoo. Soc., Dept., Tropical Research, William Beebe, Dir.”. “ Coelioxys bilobata Friese, Det. H.F. Schwarz ”. MEXICO. Chiapas. 1 female ( SEMC). “ MEXICO: Chiapas, Parque Laguna Belgica, 19 km N. Ocozocoautla, 8 June 1991, 970m, J.S. Ashe#75, ex; flight intercept trap”. “ SEMC 1177695, KUNHM- ENT ”. 1 female ( PCYU). “ECO-TAE-50982”. “ Méx.Chis.Acacoyagua, El. Las Golondrinas, 15º 15.37 N 032º 23.28 W, 2006/11/24 C. Balboa, J. Mérida, M. Guzmán, M. Cigarroa, J. Toto”. “ Coelioxys aff. zapoteca , det T. Griswold”. “ BOLD, BOFWM 319-09, B03741C10- MEX ”. 1 female ( BBSL). “ MEXICO Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez , 26 July 1987, F. D. Parker”. “NativeBeeSurvey, BBSL, Logan, Utah, USA, BBSL 213491”. 1 female ( BBSL). Idem, except “213492”. 1 male ( PCYU). “Lagos de Montebello, Chiapas, Mexico, 16.1. 85 L. Packer”. “ Coelioxys clypeata, det. T. Griswold”. 1 female ( EMEC). “El Zapotal. 2 mi. S., Tux. Gutierrez. Chias., MEX. VII- 10-57 ”. “P. D. Hurd, Collector”. “ UC Berkeley, EMEC, 734008”. 1 female ( EMEC). Idem, except “Un. Cal.”, “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cresson , as det. 1982 in T.B., Mitchell collection”, “734011”. 1 female ( EMEC). Idem, except “ zapoteka [sic] (= zapoteca )”, “J.A. Chemsak, B.J. Rannells, Collectors”. “ Coelioxys zapoteka [sic] (= zapoteca ) Cress”, “Un. Cal.”, “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cresson , as det. 1982 in T.B., Mitchell collection”, “734010”. 1 female ( EMEC). “San Christobal [sic] (= San Cristóbal de las Casas), 9 mi E., Chiapas, MEX., VII-30-57 ”. “J.A. Chemsak, B.J. Rannells, Collectors”. “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cresson , det. 1972 jrb”. “ UC Berkeley, EMEC, 734007”. 1 female ( EMEC). “Santo Domingo, 15, mi. S.E. Simojovel, Chiapas. MEX., VII-8-15-58 ”. “Collector, J. A. Chemsak”. “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cr., T Griswold det88”. “ UC Berkeley, EMEC, 7340005”. 1 male ( EMEC). “ 3 mi S.E. San Juan, del Bosque, Chias., MEX., VIII-16-58 ”. “J.A. Chemsak, collector”. “ Coelioxys ? zapoteca Cr., T Griswold det 88”. “ UC Berkeley, EMEC 734003”. Oaxaca. 1 female ( BBSL). “ MEX, Oaxaca, 2 mi N Cuyoyepeji [sic] (=Cuyotepeji), III-3-72, FParker & DMiller”. “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cr., T Griswold det CWT 88”. “NativeBeeSurvey, BBSL, Logan, Utah, USA, BBSL 213305”. 1 female ( RUAC). “ Mexico, Oax., Temascal, 12 July 1964, D. H. Janzen”. “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cress. , det. Mitch.”. “Rutgers University, RUAC _ ENT 00005326”. San Luis Potosí. 1 female ( SEMC). “ 5mi. W. Xilitla, S.L.P. Mex, VII-22-54 2400ft.”. “Univ. Kans., Mex., Expedition”. “ UK ”. “ zapoteka [sic] (= zapoteca )”. “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cresson , as det. 1982 in T. B., Mitchell Collection”. “SM0468355, KUNHM-ENT”. 1 male ( BBSL). “Xilitla, S.L.P., Mex. VII-28-54, 1450 II ”. “Univ. Kans., Mex., Expedition”. “ UK ”. “Native Bee Survey, BBSL Bee Lab, Logan, Utah, USA, BBSL 224176”. Tabasco. 1 female ( BMNH). “Teapa, Tabasco., Feb. H.H.S.”. “Godman-Salvin, Collection., 1911-24 ”. 1 female ( BMNH). “Teapa, Tabasco., Feb. H.H.S.”. “Godman-Salvin, Collection., 1911-24.”. “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cress. , det. Mitch.”. 1 female ( BMNH). “Teapa, Tabasco., March. H.H.S.”. “Godman-Salvin, Collection., 1911-24.”. “ zapoteca ”. Veracruz. 1 female ( SEMC). “ MEXICO: Veracruz, Llano Grande, Teocelo-Ixhuacán, 17 June 1990, Gregorio Rodríguez”. “ SEMC 1177526, KUNHM-ENT”. 1 female ( SEMC). “ MEXICO: Veracruz, 1km Brecha Teocelo, Santa Rosa 372 m, 16 June 1990, Gregorio Rodríguez”. “ SEMC 1177521, KUNHM-ENT”. 1 male ( ZMB). “Mexiq., Orizaba”. “ Coelioxys mexicana, 1913 Friese Cr. det.”. 1 female (CNCIAN). “ MEX. Ver. 1100ft., Catemaco 16–18. VI, Malaise Trap 1969”. 1 female ( EMEC). “Cotaxtla Exp. Sta., Cotaxtla, Ver. Mex, VII-14- 1962 ”. “D.H. Janzen, Collector”. “ UC Berkeley, EMEC, 734006”. 1 male ( EMEC). “ MEXICO: Veracruz, Rio Metlac, nr., Fortin de los, Flores VIII-20-1977, E.I. Schlinger”. “ UC Berkeley, EMEC 734184”. 1 female ( EMEC). “ MEX: Ver., 1mi, W Fortin de las, Flores VII-2 62 ”. “D.H. Janzen, Collector”. “ UC Berkeley, EMEC, 734009”. 1 female ( EMEC). “ MEX: Veracruz, Est. Biol., Los Tuxtlas, VII-1 /9-1988, J.A. Chemsak”. “ UC Berkeley, EMEC, 734188”. 1 female ( BBSL). “ MEX: Veracruz, Fortin de las, Flores, VII-7 to 12–74, Elev. 1010 m ”. “J.A. Chemsak, E. G.J. Linsley, & J. Powell, collectors”. “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cr., T Griswold det 88”. “NativeBeeSurvey, BBSL, Logan, Utah, USA, BBSL 213490”. 1 male ( BBSL). “ MEXICO: Veracruz, 3 km S Totutla, VII-13-74 ”. “J.A. Chemsak, E.&J. Linsley, & J. Powell, collectors”. “ Coelioxys ? zapoteca Cr, T Griswold det 88”. “Native Bee Survey, BBSL Bee Lab, Logan, Utah, USA, BBSL 213604”. 1 female ( BBSL). “ MEXICO. Veracruz, El Desengaño 1100m, El Mirador 22-05-06, 19 12363N 96 33476W, Bidens pilosa, Col. M.Bonet ”. “0000002618”. “ Coelioxys zapoteca, Det. T.L. Griswold ”. “ Coelioxys zapoteca Cr. , det. T. Griswold”. 1 male ( LACM). “ MEX., Vera Cruz: Rio, Atoyac, 5 mi NW, Potrero 15 July 1973, R. R. Snelling and, T. W. Taylor, colls.”. “ LACM ENT 317991”. 1 male ( LACM). Idem, except “317990”. 1 male ( LACM). “trail above Presidio, 1000–1600’, Veracruz, MEX. 14- VII-1965, Coll. R.R. Snelling”. “ LACM ENT 317989”. 1 male ( PCYU). “Veracruz, Coetzala 18º 46.509N, 096º55.643 850 m, 27.ix.2008 L. Packer”. “ Coelioxys clypeata, det. T. Griswold”. 1 male ( PCYU). Idem, except “78”, “ Coelioxys clypeata, Det. N. de Silva 2010”. “09864-F02”. NICARAGUA. Río San Juan. 1 female ( SEMC). “ NICARAGUA: Río San Juan, Dept. ICARAGUA: Río San Juan Dept., 60 km SE San Carlos, Refugio, Bartola, 100 m 10°58.40’N 84°20.30’W, 27-V-2002, R. Brooks, Z. Falin, S. Chatzimanolis ex. white composite, flowers, NIC1BFC02 098”. “SM0534794, KUNHM-ENT”. 1 female ( SEMC). Idem, except “SM0534788”. 1 male ( SEMC). “ NICARAGUA: Río San Juan Dept., 60 km SE San Carlos, Refugio, Bartola, 100 m 10°58.40’N 84°20.30’W, 29-V-2002, R. Brooks, Z. Falin, S. Chatzimanolis ex. white composite, flowers, NIC1BFC02 113”.

“SM0533866, KUNHM-ENT”. PARAGUAY. Caaguazú. 1 male ( PCYU). “ PARAGUAY: Caaguazú, 17 km SW of Repatriación, 25º 35.507S 055º 52.844W, 26.i.2007 812 ft. E. Willis”. “ Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) sp., det. T. Griswold”. “B1401-D06”. 1 male ( SEMC). “Paso Yobay [sic] (=Yobai), Paraguay, II-15-1950, F. H. Schade”. “ UK ”. “ SEMC 1177746, KUNHM-ENT”. Guairá. 1 male ( SEMC). “Col. Sudetia, Paraguay, Nov. Dec. 1951, Juan Foerster”. “ UK ”. “ SEMC 1177628”. 1 female ( PCYU). “ PARAGUAY: Guairá, Res. de Recursos, Manejados Ybytyruzó [sic] (=Yvytyrusu), 25º 57.089S 056º 13.237W, 24.i.2007 566ft. E. Willis”. “E. Willis, Voucher: 19, Date: 24.i.07 ”. “ Coelioxys aff. zapoteca , det T. Griswold”. 1 male ( PCYU). “ PARAGUAY: Guairá, Res. de Recursos, Manejados Ybytyruzó [sic] (=Yvytyrusu), 25º 57.089S 056º 13.237W, 24.i.2007 566ft. E. Willis”. “ Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) sp., det. T. Griswold”. “09864-F03”. PERU. Cuzco. 1 male ( ZMB). “ Peru, Vilcanota, 1901”. “ Coelioxys peruana, 1913 n . Friese Fr. det.”. “Zool. Mus., Berlin”. Junín. 1 female ( BMNH). “ PERU:, Chanchamayo, 27.iii.1952., J.M. Schuncke., B.M. 1952-645”. 1 female ( SEMC). “ PERU: Junín Dept., La Merced- Villa Rica Rd., 900 m, 10°57’12”S, 75°17’30”W, 15-21 OCT 1999; R. Brooks, PERU 1B99 0 90, ex: flight intercept trap”. “SM0149147, KUNHM-ENT”. “ Coelioxys ”. Lima. 1 male ( BMNH). “ PERU: Venta-, nilla, c.20k n Lima, city. 27.iv.83, C. & M. Vardy, B.M. 1983-217”. 1 male ( AMNH). “ PERU, Lima, Valle Río., Sta. Eulalia, San, Jeronimo near Chosica, VI-25-1976, Porter & Calmbacher”. 1 female ( AMNH). “ PERU: Lima Prov., Sta. Eulalia, X-20, -1997, J.G. Rozen, & A. Ugarte”. AMNH _ ENT, AMNH _BEE 00013924”. 1 female ( AMNH). “ Peru., Lima., I. 1922, leg., F. Jaffuel”. “ Coelioxys clypeata Sm., Friese det. 25”. “ac29069”. Madre de Dios. 1 male ( SEMC). “ PERU: Madre de Dios, Limonal Guard Station, Reserved Zone, Manu National Park, 350 m, 12°14’0”S, 70°56’18”W, 23 OCT 2000; R. Brooks, PERU 1B00 0 77, ex: on wet sand near river”. “SM0237538, KUNHM-ENT”. “ Coelioxys spp., Det. A.H. Smith-Pardo”. TRINIDAD & TOBAGO. Saint Augustine. 1 female ( SEMC). “ TRINIDAD: Curepe, 29 November 1978, ex: malaise trap”. “ SEMC 1177694, KUNHM-ENT”. Saint George. 1 female (Ansfelden). “ TRINIDAD, Guanapo Rd., on Bidens ”. “T.B. Mitchell, Feb. 19. 1966 ”. “ Coelioxys clypeata Sm., det. Mitch.”. “ clypeata Sm. ”. 1 male ( BMNH). “ TRINIDAD, Guanapo Rd., on Bidens ”. “ Coelioxys clypeata Sm., det. Mitch.”. San Juan-Laventille. 1 female (CNCIAN). “ TRINIDAD, 1-9, Maracas XII-77 ”. VENEZUELA.? 1 female ( USNM). “ Venezuela, St. Parime [sic] (=Parima), 1897”. “ Coelioxys bilobata, 1913 Friese det. Fr.”. Amazonas. 1 male ( EMEC). “ VENEZUELA: T.F. Amazonas, Dpto. Atures, Las, Pavas, Río Cataniapo, 22-I-1989, C.B. Barr”. “ UC Berkeley, EMEC 734289”.

Figures

FIGURE 18. Neighbour-joining tree generated by BOLD for C. (Platycoelioxys) and C. (Rhinocoelioxys) with the Kimura 2 parameter model, to show the small sequence divergence among forms of C. zapoteca despite large geographic distances and wide range of clypeal shapes.

FIGURES 13 – 15. C. barbata. 13. Frontal view of head. 14. Lateral view (for mesepisternum and metepisternum coloration). 15. Ventral view of S 5 and S 6. FIGURES 16 – 17. C. paraguayensis. 16. Frontal view of head. 17. Lateral view (for mesepisternum and metepisternum coloration). FIGURES 18 – 19. C. nasidens. 18. Lateral view of T 6 and S 6. 19. Lateral view (for body length). FIGURE 20. C. zapoteca. Lateral view of T 6 and S 6. FIGURE 21. C. agilis. Lateral view of T 6 and S 6. FIGURE 22. C. zapoteca. Lateral view (for body length). (Scale bar = 1.5 mm).