Encyclia gonzalezii Menezes (1991a: 24)

Bastos, Cláudia A., Meneguzzo, Thiago E. C. & Berg, Cássio Van Den, 2018, A taxonomic revision of the Brazilian species of Encyclia (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Epidendreae), Phytotaxa 342 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

19. Encyclia gonzalezii Menezes (1991a: 24) . Encyclia gonzalezii Menezes (1991b: 19) , nom. superfl. Type:—

BRAZIL. Distrito Federal: border with Goiás State, Rio Descoberto , July 1990, Cazelato sub Menezes UB 1 (holotype:

UB!) ( Figs. 14 , 25F )

Heterotypic synonym:

Encyclia tocantinensis Castro Neto & Campacci (1996: 74) . Type:— BRAZIL. Tocantins: Taguatinga , 500 m, October 1988, Castro Neto s.n. (holotype: SP 334526 !, SP 382214 !).

Epiphytic, occasionally lithophytic herbs, 43.4−45.8 cm tall. Pseudobulbs conical, 2.5−5.0 × 0.7−1.7 cm. Leaves 1−2, oblanceolate to lanceolate, 14.0−39.0 × 0.8−1.0 cm, apex acute. Inflorescence a 6−23-flowered, simple or weakly compound raceme; peduncle 10.0−12.0 cm long; rachis 26.0−56.0 cm long. Floral pedicel 1.8−2.7 × 0.2−0.3 cm, warty; sepals yellowish green, dorsal lanceolate, 1.5 × 0.4−0.5 cm, laterals lanceolate, 1.4−1.5 × 0.4 cm, reflexed, margin undulate, apex acute; petals yellowish green, lanceolate, 1.4−1.5 × 0.4 cm, reflexed, margin undulate, apex acute; lip with claw 0.1−0.2 × 0.3 cm, lateral lobes free relative to midlobe, 0.5 × 0.3 cm, yellowish, at a ˂45° angle to midlobe (in the flattened lip), not overlapping it, margin entire, apex obtuse, midlobe rounded, 0.5−0.6 × 0.6−0.7 cm, white, sinuous, margin undulate, apex obtuse, callus cymbiform, trifid; column clavate, 0.8−0.9 × 0.3 cm, clinandrium apex tridentate, lateral teeth triangular, apex acute, arms of the column quadrate, 0.15 × 0.10 cm, apex obtuse; stigma elliptic, with basal hooks; anther one, whitish, 0.20 × 0.15−0.30 cm.

Distribution and habitat:— Endemic to northern and central western Brazil ( Fig. 13 ).

Phenology:— Flowering September–July.

Etymology:— In honour of father José González Raposo, for his contribution to study of Brazilian orchids.

Taxonomic notes:— Encyclia gonzalezii is similar to E. argentinensis but differs from the latter in vegetative characters; the plants of E. gonzalezii are always deep purple. According to Meneguzzo et al. (2012), the photograph of E. gonzalezii published in the protologue does not belong to the same plant deposited as the holotype in UB. The flowers of the type material of E. gonzalezii have oval lateral lobes, similar to the type of E. tocantinensis and not rhombic as depicted in the protologue of E. gonzalezii . Anyway, this subtle difference in the lip lateral lobes between E. gonzalezii and E. tocantinensis would not suffice to maintain them as distinct species, and we opt for treating them as synonyms ( Meneguzzo et al. 2012).

Selected specimens exmined: BRAZIL. Distrito Federal: Brasília, woods of the Capão Comprido, 13 November 1998, Sampaio et al. 257 (CEN, SP). Goiás: Campos Belos, Pouso Alto Village, 10 October 2010, Meneguzzo et al. 569 (UB); Divinópolis de Goiás, 14 October 2009, Bastos 298 (HUEFS); Guaraíta, Guarani de Goiás District, 9 October 2010, Meneguzzo et al. 568 (UB); São Domingos, Galheiros River, 719 m, September 2003, Santos 410A (CEN, HUEFS, UB, SP). Tocantins: Aurora do Tocantins, Serra do Espigão Mestre, March 1995, Castro Neto s.n. (SP); Nazaré, banks of the Mombuca Stream, 15 July 1990, Silva & Silva 124 (MG).

Figures

FIGURE 13. Distribution in Brazil of Encyclia gonzallezii, E. granitica, E. ionosma, E. jenischiana, E. joaosaiana, E. linearifolioides and E. mapuerae.

FIGURE 14. A−G. Encyclia gonzalezii. A. Dorsal sepal. B. Lateral sepals. C. Petal. D. Lip. E. Detail of lip callus. F. Column front view. G. Column side view (Bastos 298). H−P.Enyclia granitica. H. Inflorescence. I. Dorsal sepal. J. Lateral sepals. K. Petal. L. Lip. M. Detail of lip callus. N. Column front view. O. Column side view (Lima 6). P. Variation in the lip (Pena 502). Q. Variation in the lip (Rodrigues 207). R−W. Encyclia ionosma. R. Dorsal sepal. S. Lateral sepals. T. Petal. U. Lip. V. Column front view. W. Column side view (Bastos 305). Illustration by Carla de Lima.

FIGURE 25. A. Encyclia dichroma. B. Encyclia duveenii. C. Encyclia fimbriata. D. Encyclia fowliei. E. Encyclia gallopavina. F.Encyclia gonzalezii. G. Encyclia granitica. H. Encyclia ionosma. I. Encyclia jenischiana. J. Encyclia linearifolioides. K. Encyclia mapuerae. L. Encyclia oliveirana. (Photographers: A−B, D, F−L: C. van den Berg. C: R. V. Leitão. E: A. Peres Júnior).