Euura polaris ( Holmgren, 1883 )

Prous, Marko, Liston, Andrew, Monckton, Spencer K., Kramp, Katja, Vårdal, Hege, Vikberg, Veli, Heibo, Erik & Mutanen, Marko, 2025, West Palaearctic species of Euura Newman, 1837 (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 977, pp. 1-377 : 71-72

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2025.977.2799
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:73DA044B-EB3D-4BF1-97EA-7430036DEEE0
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15020835
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BCA619-FF9E-D855-972F-F8B6FE13F88D
treatment provided by	Plazi (2025-03-03 10:25:10, last updated 2025-03-20 21:31:02)
scientific name	Euura polaris ( Holmgren, 1883 )
status

Treatment

126 Euura polaris ( Holmgren, 1883)

Figs 132 View Figs 130–133 , 356 View Figs 352–365

Nematus polaris Holmgren, 1883: 143 , pl. 1 fig. 1. Lectotype designated below.

Pteronus shumagensis Kincaid, 1900: 357 . Syntype ♀ (USNMENT00778206, USNM, http://n 2t.net/ ark:/65665/35ff0e035-a05a-4e67-952c-f19e4292e418), not examined. Type locality: USA, Alaska, East Aleutians, Popof Island. Synonymy by Benson (1961a), but possibly it is E. lienterica or some other species in the E. flavescens group.

Pontania islandica Kincaid, 1900: 355 . Syntype ♀ (USNMENT00778189, USNM, http://n 2t.net/ ark:/65665/35c79c1ef-402a-4e80-b738-6153f2e0f2e8), labelled as lectotype by J.-P. Kopelke, but designation not published; not examined. Type locality: USA, Alaska, East Aleutians, Popof Island. Synonymy by Benson (1961a). It does seem to belong to the E. bipartita group.

Amauronematus polaris ab. pleuralis Lindqvist, 1944b: 20 . Type not found. Type locality: Finland, Inari, Ivalo. Perhaps not E. polaris . Unavailable name, because infrasubspecific.

Diagnosis

Most similar to E. leptostigma , E. polepso sp. nov., and some specimens of E. leucopyga . Often, its rather broad and square-shaped valvula 3 in dorsal view (like in some E. leucopyga ) distinguishes E. polaris from E. leptostigma and E. polepso which tend to have a narrower valvula 3. The smooth mesepisternum may help to distinguish E. polaris from E. polepso (always slightly matt?). The combination of triangular serrulae, small cypsellae, and gradually narrowing lancet of E. polaris help to distinguish it from lancets of E. polepso (large cypsellae) and E. leucopyga (somewhat flatter serrulae and more abruptly narrowing lancet). Lancets of E. leptostigma are rather similar to E. polaris , but may differ in overall shape and are perhaps (usually?) larger. The males are not clearly distinguishable from E. leptostigma , E. leucopyga , E. parviserrata , E. sulciceps , and E. polepso .

Type material examined

Lectotype Nematus polaris , here designated

RUSSIA – Novaja Zemlya • ♀; Matotschkin Scharr [Matochkin Strait]; 73.3° N, 55.6° E; 1875; NHRS, NHRS-HEVA000006445 . GoogleMaps

Host plants

Unknown. Lindqvist (1944b) reported Salix spp. ,but this apparently refers to E.leucopyga (ab. leucopyga ) in southern Finland, while E. polaris is known only from (sub)arctic habitats.

Genetics

COI

Based on 8 specimens, maximum within-species distance is 2.89% and the nearest neighbours, diverging by a minimum of 0%, are Euura leptostigma , E. sulciceps , and E. fuscarima .

Nuclear

Based on 8 specimens, maximum within-species distance is 0.66% (0.85% based on haplotypes of individual females). The nearest neighbour, diverging by a minimum of 0.26%, is Euura leptostigma .

Distribution and material examined

Holarctic. Specimens studied are from Finland, Norway, and Russia. Nearctic records, although likely, need confirmation.

References

Benson R. B. 1961 a. A new European species of Nematus (Hym., Tenthredinidae) on Polygonum. The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, Fourth Series 96: 228-229.

Holmgren A. 1883. Insecta a viris doctissimis Nordenskiold illum ducem sequentibus in insulis Waigatsch et Novaja Semlia anno 1875 collecta. Hymenoptera et Diptera. Entomologisk Tidskrift 4 (3 - 4): 141-190. Available from https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36039769 [accessed 20 Nov. 2024].

Kincaid T. 1900. Papers from the Harriman Alaska Expedition. VII. Entomological results (1): The Tenthredinoidea. Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences 2: 341-365. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.5671

Lindqvist E. 1944 b. Uber die von Holmgren beschriebenen Nematinen (Hym. Tenthr.). Notulae Entomologicae 24: 13-18.

Figures

Figs 130–133. Lancets of Euura Newman, 1837. 130. sordidiapex (Lindqvist, 1959) DEI- GISHym12536. 131. leptostigma (Lindqvist, 1958) DEI-GISHym12621. 132. polaris (Holmgren, 1883) DEI-GISHym12056. 133. polepso Prous & Mutanen sp. nov., holotype, ♀ ZMUO.059303.

Figs 352–365. Penis valves ofEuura Newman, 1837. 352. leptostigma (Lindqvist, 1958)ZMUO.059783. 353. leptostigma ZMUO.067450.354. parviserrata (Lindqvist, 1944) ZMUO.031499.355. parviserrata DEI-GISHym83822. 356. polaris (Holmgren, 1883) DEI-GISHym12040. 357. sulciceps (Lindqvist, 1959) DEI-GISHym84188. 358. polepso Prous & Mutanen sp. nov., paratype ZMUO.059951. 359. mimus (Konow, 1903) ZMUO.035273. 360. sordidiapex (Lindqvist, 1959) DEI-GISHym12185. 361. punctifrons (Malaise, 1921) DEI-GISHym84261. 362. fuscodorsata (Lindqvist, 1949) comb. nov. ZMUO.035607. 363. parvilabris (Thomson, 1863) DEI-GISHym80108. 364. poppii (Konow, 1904) comb. nov. ZMUO.030843. 365. uda (Holmgren, 1883) DEI-GISHym84183.