Ipomoea regnellii Meisn. in Martius et al.

Wood, John R. I., Munoz-Rodriguez, Pablo, Williams, Bethany R. M. & Scotland, Robert W., 2020, A foundation monograph of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in the New World, PhytoKeys 143, pp. 1-823 : 1

416. Ipomoea regnellii Meisn. in Martius et al. , Fl. Brasil. 7: 266. 1869. (Meisner 1869: 266)

Ipomoea warmingii Meisn. in Martius et al. , Fl. Brasil. 7: 272. 1869. (Meisner 1869: 272). Type. BRAZIL. Minas Gerais, E. Warming 1764 (holotype BR00005793334, isotype C).

Ipomoea ophiodes Standl. & Steyermark, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. , Bot. Ser. 23; 82. 1944. (Standley and Steyermark 1944: 82). Type. GUATEMALA. Santa Rosa , Región de La Morenita, Dec. 1940, P. C. Standley 78884 (holotype F0054857).

Type.

BRAZIL. Minas Gerais, Caldas, A.F. Regnell (lectotype BR000005793693, designated by O’Donell, 1952: 236).

Description.

Twining perennial herb, stems thinly pubescent to densely long-pilose, older parts sometimes with flaking bark. Leaves petiolate, 4-15 × 3-12 cm, ovate to suborbicular, cordate with rounded auricles, shortly acuminate to an obtuse and mucronate apex, adaxially thinly puberulent to subtomentose, abaxially weakly to densely tomentose; petioles 1.5-11 cm, thinly pubescent to tomentose. Inflorescence of shortly pedunculate axillary, many-flowered umbellate cymes, peduncles (0.3-)1-5.5 cm; bracteoles 1.5-2 mm, lanceolate, caducous; secondary peduncles 6-8 mm; pedicels 8-45 mm, relatively long, glabrous or pilose; sepals slightly unequal, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse and broadly mucronate to acuminate, pale green, thinly to densely pubescent, outer 7-11 × 1-3 mm, margins often ciliate, the inner 9-13 × 3-4 mm, often with scarious margins; corolla 5-9 cm long, funnel-shaped, pink or violet, densely short pubescent, limb c. 4 cm diam. Capsules subglobose to ellipsoid, 9-12 × 7-9 mm, rostrate (mucro 5 mm), glabrous; seeds 6 mm, pubescent on the angles (immature).

Illustration: Figures 6H , 204 .

Distribution.

Widely distributed in moist forest regions of tropical America below about 1500 m from Bolivia north to Guatemala, but principally in the Andean foothills, and apparently relatively rare elsewhere as in Brazil and Central America.

BRAZIL. Acre: E. Forero et al. 6399 (MO, NY, R). Goiás: R.C. Mendonça et al. 4203 (RB). Minas Gerais: C.W. Mosén 1911 (S). São Paulo: V.C. Souza et al. 4986 (K, SPF).

BOLIVIA. Beni: Ballivián, Rurrenabague, D. Williams 955 (K, LIL, LPB, NY, MO, OXF, USZ). Cochabamba: Chapare, Cordillera de Mosetenes, M. Kessler et al. 13263 (LPB). La Paz: Sud Yungas, Río Bopi, B.A. Krukoff 10078 (F, GH, K, MICH, NY, MO, US). Pando: Madre de Dios, D. Rocabado & E. Calzadilla 949 (USZ). Santa Cruz: Ichilo, Urubó, J.R.I. Wood & D. Soto 27953 (OXF, K, LPB, USZ).

PERU. Sine loc., Lechler 2616 (K). Cusco: C. Vargas 16533 (CUZ); Paucartambo, I. Huamantupa 3514 (MO, OXF). Madre de Dios: P. Nuñez 6108 (MO, FTG). Piura: Ayabaca, F. de La Puente 3148 (CIP). Puno: P. Nuñez & C. Muñoz 5329 (MO). Tumbes: Díaz et al. 4849 (MA), 4098 (MA).

ECUADOR. Esmeraldas: B. Løjtnant & U. Molau (AAH). Guayas: G. Tipaz et al. 909 (FTG, MO); E. Asplund 15897 (F, K, NY, S, US). El Oro: L. Albert 1181 (S). Loja: J.-E. Bohlin et al. 1290 (GB). Los Ríos: C.H. Dodson et al. 8416 (MO); Río Pelenque, A. Gentry 9561 (MO). Manabí: G. Harling & L. Andersson 18845 (FTG); A.S. Hitchcock 20025 (US). Napo: R. Marles EE95 (F); Est. Biol. Jatun Sacha, B.C. Bennett et al. 207-SFS (QCNE). Sucumbios: Gonzalo Pizarro, Rio Dashiño, A.P. Yañez et al. 985 (QCA).

COLOMBIA. Boyacá: M.T. Dawe 913 (K). Cauca: K. von Sneidern 1111 (S). Meta: Río Meta, T. Sprague 30 (BM, K); Villavicencio, J. Triana 3805 p.p. (BM); ibid., A.H.G. Alston 7587 (BM); Sierra La Macarena, W.R. Philipson et al. 1642 (BM). Putumayo: H.G. Barclay 4698 (COL, MO).

VENEZUELA. Bolívar: El Dorado, A. Gentry et al. 9561 (MO) - requires confirmation.

COSTA RICA. Puntarenas, M.M. Chavarria 735 (MO); B. Hammel 18629 (CR, MO). HONDURAS. I.C. Piñeda 40 (MO).

EL SALVADOR. J. Hjalmarson 1853 (S); Ataco, J.L. Linares 3768 (MEXU); Lake Illopango, K. Sidwell et al. 579 (BM).

GUATEMALA. Chiquimula, Jocotán, J. Kufer 275 (BM, MSB).

Notes.

Usually readily identified by the pubescent leaves and corolla, combined with the narrow, lanceolate, obtuse sepals and many-flowered pedunculate inflorescence.

We have united Ipomoea ophiodes with I. regnellii as we cannot see any consistent differences between the two species whose distribution complements each other. Ipomoea ophiodes is reported to have very pilose stems, few-flowered cymes, acuminate sepals and perhaps a narrower, more violet corolla (Figure 204 B, G, H ). It is frequent in coastal Ecuador and parts of Central America and may prove to merit some kind of recognition.

Figures

Figure 6. Sepals of Ipomoea species. A I. argyreia B I. tricolor C I. argentea D I. syringiifolia E I. eriocalyx F I. procurrens G I. tarijensis H I. regnellii. Photographs of A (Mendoza 4899); C (Mendoza 4705) and F (Mendoza 4900) by Moises Mendoza; B (Wood & Soto 27960) and H (Wood & Soto 27951) by Daniel Soto; D by Hector Keller; E (Wood et al. 27809) by Beth Williams; G (Wood 27920) by John Wood.

Figure 204. Ipomoea regnellii. A habit B stem C outer sepal D inner sepal E corolla opened out to show stamens F ovary and style G older stem H outer sepal, narrow form. Drawn by Rosemary Wise A, C, D from Lugo 1963; B, E, F from Asplund 15897; G, H from Bohlin et al. 1290.