Loxiorhiza cervinalis ( Pagenstecher, 1892 )

Queiroz-Santos, Luziany, Casagrande, Mirna Martins & Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik, 2021, Taxonomic revision of the monotypic genera of Siculodini (Lepidoptera, Thyridoidea, Thyrididae, Siculodinae), Zootaxa 4920 (2), pp. 235-253 : 242

Loxiorhiza cervinalis ( Pagenstecher, 1892)

( Figs 3 , 7 , 11 , 14 , 16 )

Siculodes (Zeuzerodes) cervinalis Pagenstecher, 1892 . Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift. “Iris” 5: 82; 2 females [recte 1 male and 1 female] [syntypes], Chanchamayo , [Junín], South of Peru, Staudinger collection, [MfN].

Rhodoneura cervinalis ; Hampson, 1897. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1897 (1): 616.

Loxiorhiza cervinalis ; Warren, 1904. Novitates Zoologicae, 11 (1): 494.— Dalla Torre, 1914. Lepidopterorum Catalogus 20: 37.— Gaede, 1936, in Seitz. Die Gross -Schmetterlinge des Amerikanischen Faunengebietes. Die amerikanischen Spinner und Schwärmer 6: 1204, fig. 180h (d).— Whalley, 1964. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (13) 7 (74): 122.— Whalley & Heppner, 1995, Thyridoidea, in Becker et al. Checklist: Part 2, Hyblaeoidea–Pyraloidea–Tortricoi-dea, in Heppner (ed.). Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera 3: 32.

Taxonomic history. Pagenstecher (1892) described the species, without illustration, based on two females [syntypes] from Chanchamayo, [Junín], Peru. The species was allocated to the subgenus Zeuzerodes , but this combination was not followed by subsequent authors. Finally, the species was transferred by Hampson (1897) to Rhodoneura and then by Warren (1904) to Loxiorhiza .

Type material. Pagenstecher (1892) described the species based on two females from Chanchamayo, [Junín], Peru. The description alluded to the alar morphology and a tuft of setae on the inner margin of the hindwing, exclusive in males, which indicates that the description was based on the male as well. Two syntypes were found in the MfN. To give stability to the proposed name and ensure the correct identification of the species, the male syntype is herein designated as the lectotype and the female as the paralectotypes. Lectotype with the following labels: / Origin. / Chanchamayo / 555 / Siculodes cervinalis Pag. /, and the following labels will be added: / LECTOTYPE / LECTOTYPE Zeuzerodes (Siculodes) cervinalis Pagenstecher, 1892 , Queiroz-Santos, Casagrande & Mielke det. 2020 /. Paralectotype with the following labels: / Origin. / Original / Chanchamayo, Thamm / Zeuzerodes (Siculodes) cervinalis Pg. / 14:7 /, and the following labels will be added: / PARALECTOTYPE / PARALECTOTYPE Zeuzerodes (Siculodes) cervinalis Pagenstecher, 1892 , Queiroz-Santos, Casagrande & O. Mielke det. 2020 /.

Redescription. As for genus.

Geographic distribution ( Fig. 16 ). PERU: Iquitos : Loreto, Amazon river ; Junín: Chanchamayo ; Puno: Carabaya, Santo Domingo. BRAZIL: Pará: Santarém, Taperinha Farm ; Rondônia: Cacaulândia , Rancho Grande Farm ; Ceará: Guaramiranga ; Goiás: Leopoldo Bulhıes ; Mato Grosso do Sul: Miranda, Salobra, Serra da Bodoquena ; Minas Gerais: Aiuruoca ; Espírito Santo: Santa Leopoldina, Biriricas , Tirol ; Paraná: Ponta Grossa , Vila Velha. BOLIVIA : Santa Cruz: Buenavista. ARGENTINA : Santiago del Estero.

Natural history. Immature stages and host plant unknown. Based on label data, the species occurs both in forest and cerrado and adults were caught in January, March to June and August to November.

Examined material (13 Ƌ, 11 ♀ total).

PERU: Iquitos : Loreto, Amazon river, 1 Ƌ, 9–12, 17–21.IX. 1991, 200m, Ron Leuschner leg. (MGCL); Junín: Chanchamayo, 1 Ƌ (Lectotype of Zeuzerodes (Siculodes) cervinalis ), 1 ♀ (Paralectotype of Zeuzerodes (Siculodes) cervinalis ), 1 Ƌ (MfN); Puno: Carabaya, Santo Domingo, 1 Ƌ, V. 1902, 1830m, Ockenden leg., NHMUK 010921610 (NHMUK).

BRAZIL: Pará: Santarém, Taperinha Farm , 1 ♀, 19.II.1918 ( USNM) ; Rondônia: Cacaulândia, 1 Ƌ, XI. 1994 , 140m, V. O. Becker leg., MVOB 95618 (MVOB), Rancho Grande Farm , 1 Ƌ, III. 1999 , 350m, R. Alves dos Santos leg. (MWM); Ceará: Guaramiranga , 1 ♀, 9.IV.1994, 1000m, V. O. Becker leg., MVOB 92013 ( MVOB) ; Goiás: Leopoldo Bulhıes , 1 ♀, X.1935, R. Spitz leg., NHMUK 010921560 ( NHMUK) ; Mato Grosso do Sul: Miranda, Salobra, 2 Ƌ, III.1940 ( CEIOC), Serra da Bodoquena , 1 Ƌ, XI.1941 ( CEIOC) ; Minas Gerais: Aiuruoca , 1 ♀, 10– 12.X.2018, 1300m, 22°00’S 44°38’W, V. O. Becker leg., MVOB 157430 ( MVOB) ; Espírito Santo: Santa Leopoldina, 1 Ƌ, 1897, Michaelis leg. ( MfN), Biriricas , 1 ♀, I. 1998, 700m, H. Thöny leg., MWM 19.195 ( MWM), Tirol , 1 ♀, VI.1998, 1 ♀, VI. 1999, 700m, H. Thöny leg. ( MWM) ; Paraná: Ponta Grossa, Vila Velha , 2 ♀, 11.X.2017, C. Mielke leg., CGCM 34.135 , CGCM 34.133 ( CGCM) . BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz: Buenavista , 1 Ƌ, VIII–X.1906, 1 ♀, 2 Ƌ, VIII.1906 – IV. 1907, 750m, Steinbach leg., NHMUK 010921576 , NHMUK 010921618 , NHMUK 010921527 , NHMUK 010921617 ( NHMUK) . ARGENTINA: Santiago del Estero: 1 ♀, 1905–1906, J. Steinbach leg., NHMUK 10921600 ( NHMUK) .

Figures

FIGURE 7. Male genitalia of Loxiorhiza cervinalis from Brazil, Mato Grosso do Sul, Miranda (Bodoquena mountain) (CEIOC 003). A) ventral view. B) lateral view. C) inner view of valva. D) dorsal view of tegumen and uncus. E) dorsal view of aedeagus. F) lateral view of aedeagus. Scale bar 1mm.

FIGURE 16. Geographic distribution of Iza and Loxiorhiza species in South America.

FIGURES 3–4. Loxiorhiza and Meskea species in dorsal (A and C) and ventral (B and D) views. 3. L. cervinalis, A–B: male from Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buenavista (NHMUK 010921576); C–D: female from Brazil, Goiás, Leopoldo Bulhıes (NHMUK 010921560). 4. M. dyspteraria, A–B: male from USA, Texas, Hidalgo, Pharr (Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park) (MGCL); C–D: female from El Salvador, San Salvador (ZSM). Scale bar 1cm.

FIGURES 9–12. Female genitalia of Hepialodes, Iza, Loxiorhiza and Meskea species in lateral view. 9. H. follicula from Brazil, Goiás, Campinaçu (Barra Mansa farm) (DZ 39.216). 10. I. nubecula from Brazil, S„o Paulo, Salesópolis (Boraceia) (DZ 39.288). 11. L. cervinalis from Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buenavista (NHMUK 010921618). 12. M. dyspteraria from El Salvador, San Salvador (MSFR). Scale bar 1mm.

FIGURES 13–14. Signa of Hepialodes and Loxiorhiza species. 13. H. follicula from Brazil, Goiás, Campinaçu (Barra Mansa farm) (DZ 39.216). Scale bar 1mm. 14. L. cervinalis from Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Buenavista (NHMUK 010921618). Scale bar 0,5mm.