Europiella rubricornis Knight, 1968: 39

SCHUH, RANDALL T., 2000, Revision of the North American Plant Bug Genus Megalopsallus Knight, with the Description of Eight New Species from the West (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae), American Museum Novitates 3305, pp. 1-70 : 49-54

Europiella rubricornis Knight, 1968: 39 (n. sp.). Megalopsallus rubricornis: Schuh et al., 1995 :

389 (n. comb.).

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by dark reddish head, pronotum, scutellum (at least mesoscutum), and femora contrasting with generally pale hemelytra (except at extreme base) (fig. 11); antennal segments 1 and 2 generally distinctly reddish. Most easily confused with Lycium feeding nicholi , but that species always with cuneus at least weakly darkened.

REDESCRIPTION: Male: Small to medium sized, total length 2.75–3.55, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.88–2.27, width across pronotum 0.92–1.05. COLORATION: Head, pronotum, anterior portion of scutellum, and under surface of thorax very deep red; extreme base of hemelytra (usually), antennal segments 1 and 2, coxae, trochanters, and femora usually reddish (fig. 11); antennae usually red, sometimes pale; most of hemelytra white; antennal segments 3 and 4 pale; abdomen pale green; eyes dark reddish to black; tibial spines black with reddish bases. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: Dorsum smooth, moderately polished and shining, clothed with pale, recumbent, simple setae intermixed with silvery, shining, weakly flattened setae. STRUCTURE: Hemelytra moderately elongate, corial margins very weakly convex (fig. 11); labium reaching to posterior margin of middle trochanters; claws relatively short and stout, curving only near apex; pulvilli relatively large, reaching to near apex of claw, free from claw except at base. MALE GENITALIA: Vesica S­shaped, apex membranous and projecting beyond gonopore ventrally; gonopore distinctly sclerotized; gonopore sclerite well developed (fig. 16).

Female: Total length 2.33–2.86, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.78–2.05, width across pronotum 0.89–1.06; body very short and stout, ovoid (fig. 11); antennal segment 2 varying from slender to spindleshaped, depending on population (fig. 11).

HOSTS: Sarcobatus vermiculatus , S. sp. ( Chenopodiaceae ).

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Oregon south to Arizona and east to Utah.

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: USA. — Arizona: Gila Co. : Salt River Mts., 1300 ft, May 9, 1926, A. A. Nichol, 1♀ (USNM). California: Inyo Co. : 1 mi NW of Keeler, May 11, 1969, J. Doyen, 23, 6♀ (UCB). Owens Lake Sand Dunes, May 17, 1978, Guiliani, 33, 3♀ (CAFA). 2 mi E of Big Pine, June 22, 1978, J. D. Pinto, Sarcobatus sp. (Chenopodiaceae) , 2♀ (UCR). Lassen Co.: Litchfield, June 22, 1937, B. P. Bliven, 23, 1♀ (CAS). Mono Co.: 1 mi S of Bridgeport, July 9, 1973, J. D. Pinto, Sarcobatus sp. (Chenopodiaceae) , 13, 1♀ (UCR). 8 mi W of Nevada state line on Rt. 359, 6700 ft, July 3, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 643, 113♀ (AMNH). San Bernardino Co.: 1.3 mi S of Goffs, 845 m, May 16, 1978, R. T. Schuh, 13 (AMNH). Siskiyou Co.: 5 mi S of Merrill, Oregon, 4060 ft, June 26, 1979, M. D. Schwartz, G. M. Stonedahl, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 343, 29♀ (AMNH). East side of Lower Klamath Lake, 1270 m, June 26, 1979, R. T. and Joe Schuh, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 383, 45♀ (AMNH). Nevada: Clark Co.: 5.8 mi W of Valley of Fire State Park, 845 m, May 17, 1978, R. T. Schuh, 13 (AMNH). Elko Co.: Utah state line on Utah Rt. 30, 4760 ft, June 25, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 113, 12♀ (AMNH). Humboldt Co.: Winnemucca, June 1, 1968, T. R. Haig, 13 (CAS). Lander Co.: 11 mi S of Rt. 50 on Rt. 376, 5800 ft, June 28, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 193, 41♀ (AMNH). Lyon Co.: 7 mi N of Sweetwater Summit on Rt. 22, Toiyabe Natl. Forest, 1856 m, July 11, 1980, R. T. Schuh and G. M. Stonedahl, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 223, 25♀ (AMNH). Nye Co.: 28 mi N of Belmont on Rt. 82, 2113 m, July 13, 1980, R. T. Schuh and G. M. Stonedahl, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 93, 16♀ (AMNH). Washoe Co.: 2 mi N of Vya on Rt. 8A, 1750 m, July 2, 1979, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 103, 4♀ (AMNH). Nixon, June 30, 1927, E. P. Van Duzee, 13 (CAS). Pyramid Lake, June 27, 1972, R. A. Belmont, 1♀ (UCD). Oregon: Baker Co.: Anthony Lake, July 11, 1931, Nottingham, 1♀ (KU). Harney Co.: Malheur Wildlife Refuge, 10 mi S of headquarters, July 12, 1968, P. Oman, 13 (OSU). T36S R35E, July 3, 1979, Smith and Cobb, 23 (OSU). Union Co.: La Grande, June 26, 1926, E. W. Davis, 1♀ (USNM); 1♀ (USNM). Utah: Cache Co.: Benson, June 28, 1932, Knowlton and Stains, 1♀ (USNM). Millard Co.: White Valley, June 8, 1940, R. W. Fautin, 1♀ (USNM). Sevier Co.: Monroe, July 25, 1900, 1♀ (USNM). Richfield, August 15, 1929, Paratypes: 43 (USNM). Richfield, July 15, 1929, E. W. Davis, Paratypes: 43 (USNM).

Megalopsallus rubropictipes Knight

Figures 12 , 16

Megalopsallus rubropictipes Knight, 1927: 225 (n. sp.).

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by relatively large size, pale green coloration, red eyes, and reddish femora (fig. 12). Similar to nuperus in general appearance and lack of strong sexual dimorphism (except in some populations of rubropictipes ), but distinguished from that species by consistently more greenish coloration.

REDESCRIPTION: Male: Medium sized, total length 3.36–3.62, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 2.31–2.47, width across pronotum 1.03–1.11. COLORATION: General coloration greenish white, femora usually with some distinct reddish areas, in the form of spots or suffusion; eyes red (fig. 12); tibial spines pale, bases of spines often pale, at most pale brown. SURFACE AND VESTI­ TURE: Dorsum smooth, pronotum and scutellum weakly shining, hemelytra dull; dorsum clothed with pale or brown recumbent setae intermixed with silvery, woolly setae. STRUCTURE: Moderately elongate, costal margin of hemelytra weakly convex (fig. 12); labium reaching at least onto hind trochanters, sometimes slightly beyond; claws long, smoothly curving; pulvilli minute. MALE GENITALIA: Vesica S­shaped, apex attenuated and sclerotized, general structure very similar to nuperus ; gonopore sclerotized and subapical; no gonopore sclerite (fig. 16).

Female: Total length 2.50–3.41, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 2.14 –2.45, width across pronotum 0.98–1.16; usually macropterous and slightly more robust than male, sometimes brachypterous, with hemelytra greatly shortened with apex of abdomen projecting beyond posterior margin of reduced membrane (fig. 12).

HOSTS: Atriplex confertifolia , A. sp., Salicornia sp. , Suaeda erecta , S. sp. ( Chenopodiaceae ).

DISTRIBUTION: Interior western North America from Alberta and Saskatchewan south to New Mexico and west to Oregon.

DISCUSSION: Some populations of rubropictipes show strong sexual dimorphism. The females have short hemelytra that barely cover the abdomen, which accounts for the great variation in total length between the sexes.

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: CANADA. — Alberta: 1­4, July 17, 1952, A. R. Brooks, Suaeda erecta (Chenopodiaceae) , 43 (CNC). Castor, August 7, 1957, A. R. and J. E. Brooks, Atriplex sp. (Chenopodiaceae) , 53, 3♀ (CNC). Drumheller, August 11, 1957, A. R. and J. E. Brooks, 53, 6♀ (CNC). Irvine, June 11, 1952, A. R. Brooks and L. A. Konotopetz, 2♀ (CNC). Saskatchewan: Minton, August 11, 1955, A. R. Brooks, 13, 1♀ (CNC). Val Marie, A. R. Brooks, 13, 2♀ (CNC). Elbow, August 17, 1951, A. R. Brooks, Suaeda sp. (Chenopodiaceae) , 53, 3♀ (CNC). Wood Mountain, August 5, 1955, A. R. Brooks, 83, 11♀ (CNC). USA. — Arizona: Cochise Co. : 3 mi SW of Portal, August 25, 1987, D. A. Rider, 33 (DAR). 6 mi SE of Wilcox, July 28, 1952, M. Cazier, R. Schrammel, 1♀ (AMNH). Douglas, August 25, 1968, 13 (AMNH). Fairbanks, San Pedro River, September 6, 1927, J. A. Kusche, 33 (CAS). Huachuca Mts, 5354 Ash Canyon Road. 0.5 mi W of Hwy 92, 5100 ft, October 18, 1992, N. McFarland, 163, 3♀ (USNM). Santa Cruz Co. : Patagonia, on Sonoita Creek, October 14, 1927, J. A. Kusche, 13, 1♀ (CAS). Colorado: Delta Co. : Delta , July 20, 1898, P.R. Uhler Collection, 1♀ (USNM). Fremont Co.: Florence August 17, 1925, H. H. Knight, Paratype: 13 (CNC). Garfield Co.: Rifle, August 25, 1968, L. A. Kelton, 103, 50♀ (CNC, AMNH). Las Animas Co.: Delhi, August 6, 1925, H. H. Knight, 13 (USNM). Trinidad, September 12, 1898, Paratypes: 13, 1♀ (USNM). Montezuma Co. : 4 mi E of Cortez, August 16, 1973, J. C. Schaff­ ner, 33, 8♀ (TAMU). Cortez, July 19, 1968, L. A. Kelton, Salicornia sp. (Chenopodiaceae) , 23, 17♀ (CNC). Otero Co.: Rocky Ford, September 4, 1898, Paratypes: 13 (USNM). Pueblo Co.: Pueblo, September 15, 1898, 13 (USNM). Montana: Yellowstone Co.: Billings, August 4, 1927, H. H. Knight, 13, 1♀ (CNC). Nevada: Elko Co.: Elko, July 12, 1965, H. H. Knight, 13 (CNC). Eureka Co.: 12 mi N of Rt. 50 on Rt 278, 5800 ft, June 27, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Atriplex confertifolia (Chenopodiaceae) , 8♀ (AMNH). Lincoln Co.: Cathedral Gorge State Park, June 17, 1986, J.B. Knight and K.R. Helms, 13, 1♀ (AMNH). Nye Co.: 2.5 mi NE of Gabbs off Rt. 844, Rifle Range, 4800 ft, July 2, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, 163, 3♀ (AMNH). Pershing Co.: Woolsey RR Station, June 5, 1973, T. R. Haig, 2♀ (CAFA). New Mexico: Chaves Co.: Roswell, Pecos River, July 21, 1967, L. A. Kelton, 23, 4♀ (CNC). Roswell, Bottomless Lakes, July 21, 1967, L. A. Kelton, 73, 7♀ (CNC). Eddy Co.: 32 ° 21.4 ̍ N 103 ° 46.9 ̍ W (Campsite), May 29, 1979, D. R. Dolorme and H. L. Corolla, 123, 10♀ (TAMU). Carlsbad, May 29, 1979, T. P. Friedlander, 43 (TAMU). July 26, 1979, D. R. Dolorme and C. P. McHugh, 1♀ (TAMU). San Juan Co.: Chaco Canyon Natl. Mon., August 9, 1932, S. E. Wood, 23 (LACM). Santa Fe Co. : 8 mi E of Los Alamos, July 4, 1982, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus, 13, 1♀ (JTP). Oregon: Harney Co.: T34S R35E, August 27, 1979, Smith and Cobb, 13 (OSU). Utah: Box Elder Co. : Snowville, July 29, 1971, G. F. Knowlton, 13, 3♀ (USU). Cedar Hill, August 17, 1972, G. F. Knowlton, 13 (USU). S. Validation Site, August 17, 1972 – August 24, 1972, Hanson and Knowlton, 253, 16♀ (USU). Cache Co.: Logan, August 19, 1939, G. F. Knowlton, 23 (USU). Millard Co.: Delta , June 16, 1968, G. F. Knowlton, 13 (USU). Sevier Co.: Richfield, July 15, 1929 – September 20, 1927, E. W. Davis, 23, 6♀ (USNM). Richfield, July 8, 1930, 13, 1♀ (USNM). Weber Co.: Slaterville, July 12, 1967, Knowlton and Frank, 43, 2♀ (OSU).

Megalopsallus sarcobati (Knight)

Figures 12 , 16 , 21

Europiella sarcobati Knight, 1969: 83 (n. sp.).

Megalopsallus sarcobati: Schuh et al., 1995: 389

(n. comb.).

Europiella multipunctipes Knight, 1970: 229 (n. sp.). NEW SYNONYMY.

Megalopsallus multipunctipes: Schuh et al., 1995: 389 (n. comb.).

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized, in common with parapunctipes and punctipes , by generally pale green coloration, including appendages, white eyes, and pale brown spots on the femora, but differing from both species in lack of distinct sexual dimorphism, larger size, broader head (fig. 12), distinctive differences in structure of male genitalia (fig. 16), and host preferences.

REDESCRIPTION: Male: Moderately small, broad­bodied, total length 3.04–3.26, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 2.05–2.22, width across pronotum 1.01–1.08. COLOR­ ATION: Pale green (often dirty yellow in poorly preserved specimens); eyes pale (fig. 12); femora with numerous small brown spots; tibial spines pale with brown bases. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: Dorsum smooth, weakly shining, clothed with pale or light brown setae intermixed with silvery, slightly flattened setae (fig. 21C). STRUC­ TURE: Relatively broad bodied and ovoid; head short and broad, eyes relatively small (fig. 12); labium reaching to about posterior margin of middle trochanters; claws elongate, nearly straight over two­thirds of length, curving apically; pulvilli moderately large, covering about two­thirds of ventral claw surface (fig. 21D). MALE GENITA­ LIA: Vesica S­shaped, sclerotized and attenuated apically, gonopore subapical; gonopore sclerite well developed (fig. 16).

Female: Total length 2.92–3.34, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 2.13–2.45, width across pronotum 1.07–1.21; ovoid, often difficult to separate from male as viewed from above (fig. 12).

HOSTS: Sarcobatus vermiculatus , Sarcobatus baileyi (Chenopodiaceae) .

DISTRIBUTION: Interior western North America from southern Washington south to southern Nevada and east to Colorado.

DISCUSSION: Examination of the material upon which Knight (1970) based his original description of multipunctipes indicates that this nominal taxon is the same as sarcobati , and I am therefore treating it as a junior synonym. Knight noted that his specimens of multipunctipes ‘‘were from a shrub I thought must be an Atriplex .’’ All verified host records for this species are from Sarcobatus , Knight’s observation apparently being in error. The single record from S. baileyi is the exception among the many known occurences on S. vermiculatus .

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: USA. — Arizona: Coconino Co.: 1 mi E of Tuba City on Rt. 163, 5000 ft, June 16, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 13, 9♀ (AMNH). Red Lake on Rt. 160, June 26, 1980, K. & R. Schmidt, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 63, 17♀ (AMNH). California: Inyo Co. : 1 mi NW of Keeler, May 11, 1969, J. D. Haddock, 43, 12♀ (UCB). 2 mi E of Big Pine, June 3, 1975, J. D. Pinto, 4♀ (UCR). Modoc Co.: ca. 4 mi E of Cedarville, 1440 m, July 2, 1979, R. T. Schuh and B. Massie, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 3♀ (AMNH). Mono Co.: 1.3 mi N of Oasis, Fish Lake Valley, June 10, 1976, J. D. Pinto, 13, 3♀ (UCR). 8 mi W of Nevada state line on Rt. 359, 6700 ft, July 2, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 93, 15♀ (AMNH). Siskiyou Co.: 5 mi S of Merrill, Oregon, 4060 ft, June 26, 1979, M. D. Schwartz and G. M. Stonedahl, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 303, 37♀ (AMNH). Dorris, July 1, 1935, R. H. Beamer, 23 (KU). East side of Lower Klamath Lake, 1270 m, June 29, 1979, R. T. and Joe Schuh, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 343, 64♀ (AMNH). Colorado: Mesa Co. : E of Palisade, Plateau Creek, June 6, 1981, J. T. Polhemus, 13 (JTP). Mineral Co.: Creede, June 21, 1990, J. T. and D. A. Polhemus, 1♀ (JTP). Moffat Co.: Gates of Lodore, June 28, 1979, D. A. Polhemus, 43, 16♀ (JTP). Nevada: Elko Co.: Wells, July 12, 1965, H. H. Knight, 43 (USNM). Elko, July 12, 1965, H. H. Knight, 13♀ (USNM). Utah state line on Utah Rt. 30, 4760 ft, June 25, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 1403, 140♀ (AMNH). Esmeralda Co. : 13 mi W of Lida on Rt. 3, 1938 m, July 13, 1980, R. T. Schuh and G. M. Stonedahl, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 3♀ (AMNH). Lander Co.: Battle Mt., June 26, 1935, R. H. Beamer, 3♀ (KU). 11 mi S of Rt. 50 on Rt. 376, T17N R44E, 5800 ft, June 28, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 203, 50♀ (AMNH). Lyon Co.: 7 mi N of Sweetwater Summit on Rt. 22, Toiyabe Natl. For., 1865 m, July 11, 1980, R. T. Schuh and G.M Stonedahl, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 103, 30♀ (AMNH). Nye Co.: 28 mi N of Belmont on Rt. 82, 2013 m, July 13, 1980, R. T. Schuh and G. M. Stonedahl, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 103, 14♀ (AMNH). 35 mi N of Tonapah, Coyote Hole Spring/Sevier Reservoir, T8 R42E S11 & 23, 6000 ft, June 30, 1983, R. T. Schuh and M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus baileyi (Chenopodiaceae) , 13, 5♀ (AMNH). Washoe Co.: 2 mi E of Vya on Rt. 8A, 1750 m, July 2, 1979, R. T. Schuh and B. M. Massie, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 183, 17♀ (AMNH). Oregon: Harney Co.: Alvord De­ sert, T34S R37E, Sec 10, June 20, 1980, Oman, 1♀ (OSU). Union Co.: La Grande, June 26, 1926, E. W. Davis, Paratypes: 33, 5♀ (USNM). Utah: Millard Co.: White Valley, May 24, 1940, 1♀ (USNM). Uintah Co.: 5–10 mi SW of Bonanza, 5000–5600 ft, June 8, 1982, M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 123, 17♀ (AMNH). Bonanza, White River Shale Project, T9S R24E Sec 23, 5000 ft, June 1, 1981, M. D. Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Chenopodiaceae) , 263, 30♀ (AMNH). Washington: Yakima Co.: Yakima, June 19, 1932, A. R. Rolfs, Paratypes: 63, 5♀ (USNM).

Megalopsallus schwartzi , , new species

Figures 12 , 16

HOLOTYPE: Male, Nevada: Nye Co., 35 mi. N of Tonopah, Coyote Hole Spg. / Sevier

Resrvr., T 8N R 42E, S 11 & 23, June 30, 1983, Schuh, Schwartz, Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr. var. baileyi (Cov.) Jeps. (Chenopodiaceae) . Deposited in the American Museum of Natural History.

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by elongate slender body form in male, entirely pale greenish white coloration, red eyes (fig. 12), and lack of brown spots on femora and tibiae. Commonly collected with atriplicis and sarcobati , but distinguished from former by that species having red spots on head and pronotum and from latter by that species having pale eyes, brown spots on femora, and more robust body form.

DESCRIPTION: Male: Moderate­sized, slen­ der, total length 3.46–3.70, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 2.26–2.37, width across pronotum 0.96–1.03. COLORATION: Pale, nearly white, pronotum and scutellum weakly orange, hemelytra weakly greenish; eyes red or white (fig. 12); tibial spines pale with pale bases. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: Dorsum smooth, weakly shining, clothed with recumbent, pale, simple setae intermixed with scattered, weakly flattened, silvery setae. STRUCTURE: Hemelytra conspicuously elongate, corial margin nearly straight; eyes relatively small, not conspicuously protuberant (fig. 12); labium reaching to middle trochanters; claws straight over most of length, rather sharply curving apically; pulvilli large, extending three­fourth length of claw. MALE GENITALIA: Vesica in male very weakly twisted, apex acuminate, secondary gonopore subapical, lacking gonopore sclerite (fig. 16).

Female: Total length 2.66–2.83, length apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 1.90 –2.01, width across pronotum 0.92–0.99; body form ovoid , compact (fig. 12).

ETYMOLOGY: Named for Michael D. Schwartz, who collected many of the known specimens, and who otherwise contributed greatly to the success of this project.

HOSTS: Sarcobatus vermiculatus , S. baileyi , S. sp., Atriplex canescens , A. sp. ( Chenopodiaceae ).

DISTRIBUTION: Interior western North America from Montana south to New Mexico and west to Oregon.

DISCUSSION: The great majority of the many known specimens were taken on Sar­ cobatus, which would seem to suggest that it

Figures

Fig. 12. Habitus photographs of Megalopsallus spp. M. rubropictipes (3 and ♀: Nevada, Nye Co., 2.5 mi NE of Gabbs, Rifle Range). M. teretis (3: Nevada, Nye Co., Atomic Test Site, Mercury Highway at Angle Road. ♀: Nevada, Nye Co., 2.5 mi NE of Gabbs, Rifle Range). M. sarcobati (3 and ♀: Nevada, Lander Co., 7.5 mi S of Rt. 50 on Rt. 376). M. schwartzi (3 and ♀: Nevada, Nye Co., 2.5 mi NE of Gabbs, Rifle Range). M. sparsus (3: Utah, Duchesne Co., 23.7 mi S of Myton, Wells Draw; California, Imperial Co., near railroad tracks on Rt. 580. ♀: Arizona, Pima Co., Tucson, Santa Catalina Mts, Bear Creek near Saddleback Dr.; Utah, Duchesne Co., 23.7 mi S of Myton, Wells Draw).

Fig. 16. Male genitalic structures, vesicae of Megalopsallus spp. Left paramere and phallotheca of M. sarcobati. gs = gonopore sclerite.

Fig. 21. Megalopsallus sarcobati, male, scanning micrographs. A. Lateral view of head and thorax. B. Mesothoracic spiracle and metathoracic scent gland evaporatory area. C. Detail of setae comprising dorsal vestiture. D. Lateral view of pretarsus.