Rehniatra, Cadena-Castañeda & Quintana-Arias & Infante & Silva & Tavares, 2025
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https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5597.1.1 |
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lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E8B87293-0CCD-469D-9F2F-17F1AB4919BF |
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https://treatment.plazi.org/id/542B87FD-FFFC-0478-9FDE-C7FDFE85F82A |
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Plazi (2025-03-04 12:56:25, last updated 2025-03-04 13:25:28) |
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Rehniatra |
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Subtribe Miriatrina Cadena-Castañeda & Cardona-Granda, 2015 , nom. resurr., stat. nov.
Emended description. Body medium-sized and slender (12–16 mm). Carinae of the vertex conspicuously produced ( Figs. 63A View FIGURE 63 , 67B View FIGURE 67 , 71D View FIGURE 71 , 74B View FIGURE 74 ), and distinguishable dorsally; lateral carinae of the vertex more or less pronounced as a plate ( Figs. 64C View FIGURE 64 , 67C View FIGURE 67 , 70C View FIGURE 70 , 73C View FIGURE 73 ); antenna with 14 or 15 segments. Scutellum moderately expanded, and almost narrow, delimited by the fascial carinae with its nearly straight branches ( Figs. 63A View FIGURE 63 , 67A View FIGURE 67 , 71C View FIGURE 71 , 74A View FIGURE 74 ). Eyes small compared to other tribe members, occupying a quarter or a fifth of the height of the cephalic capsule in lateral view ( Figs. 64D View FIGURE 64 , 67B View FIGURE 67 , 68B View FIGURE 68 , 71D View FIGURE 71 ). Pronotal disc with the anterior region widened and progressively thinned towards the apex, predominantly flat ( Figs. 63B View FIGURE 63 , 64C View FIGURE 64 , 69B View FIGURE 69 , 73C View FIGURE 73 ); median carinae sub-elevated, and some species with small undulations in the anterior region ( Figs. 73A, B View FIGURE 73 ). Lower margin of the lateral lobes of the pronotum projected to the sides, with the apex triangular ( Figs. 67C View FIGURE 67 , 71B View FIGURE 71 , 74C View FIGURE 74 ). Infrascapular area narrow and short. Wings well-developed (except Rehniatra gen. nov. and Grantiatra gen. nov.), reaching the apex of the pronotum or slightly exceeding it ( Figs. 65A View FIGURE 65 , 68A View FIGURE 68 , 70A View FIGURE 70 ). Fore and middle femora margins undulated ( Figs. 67D View FIGURE 67 , 74D, 74E View FIGURE 74 ); hind femur slender; genicular and antegenicular teeth poorly or moderately developed; first article of posterior tarsi as long as the third ( Figs. 65B View FIGURE 65 , 68A View FIGURE 68 ).
Genera included. Miriatra Bolívar, 1906, Brazitettix Silva, 2024 , Rehniatra gen. nov., and Grantiatra gen. nov.
Distribution. Andes of Colombia, Amazon ( Colombia, Peru and Brazil), and Guianese regions (Maps 1–3).
Remarks. Mariatrini included most taxa with prolonged vertex ( Cadena-Castañeda & Cardona-Granda, 2015). Then, Storozhenko (2016) synonymized Miriatrini and established the tribe Cleostratini , keeping a group similar to Miriatrini , but including Cleostratus Stål, 1877 , and additional taxa described by the author. Silva et al. (2017) revalidated Miriatrini by only retaining Miriatra , and the other genera remained in Cleostratini until further study was carried out. Recently, Kasalo et al. (2023a) synonymized Miriatrini , arguing that the characters that diagnosed the tribe could not separate from the establishment of Metrodorini . However, characters are provided here, allowing us to differentiate Miriatrina stat. nov. as a group with subtribe status. A key to genera and species of Miriatrina stat. nov. is provided below.
Key to genera and species of Miriatrina
1. Tegmina and hind wings developed ( Figs. 66A View FIGURE 66 , 68A View FIGURE 68 ). Scutellum moderately expanded, with its branches almost straight ( Figs. 67A View FIGURE 67 , 68B View FIGURE 68 , 70E View FIGURE 70 ). Antegenicular and genicular teeth developed ( Fig. 69A View FIGURE 69 ). Apex of pronotum truncated or rounded. Subgenital plate of the male slender and subtriangular, with a pointed apex................................................. 2
- Tegmina and hind wings absent ( Figs. 71A View FIGURE 71 , 73B View FIGURE 73 ). Scutellum narrow, with its branches close together ( Figs. 71C View FIGURE 71 , 74A View FIGURE 74 ). Antegenicular and genicular teeth poorly developed ( Figs. 71A View FIGURE 71 , 73A View FIGURE 73 ). Apex of the pronotum ending in a point ( Figs. 71B View FIGURE 71 , 73C View FIGURE 73 ). Subgenital plate of the male conspicuous globose ( Fig. 72B View FIGURE 72 ).............................................. 7
2. Anterior section of the vertex triangular, with the lateral margins serrated in dorsal view ( Figs. 64C View FIGURE 64 , 67C View FIGURE 67 ). Fore femur slender and rectangular in shape ( Fig. 67D View FIGURE 67 ). Dorsal external area of hind femur without black pits/protuberances ( Figs. 65B View FIGURE 65 , 68A View FIGURE 68 ). (Genus Miriatra View in CoL )..................................................................................... 3
- Anterior section of the vertex rectangular and with smooth lateral edges ( Figs. 70C, 70F View FIGURE 70 ). Fore femur moderately widened and ovoid ( Figs. 70A View FIGURE 70 ). Dorsal external area of hind femur with black pits/protuberances ( Fig. 70D View FIGURE 70 ). (Genus Brazitettix View in CoL )....... 6
3. Ocelli conspicuous. Transverse carina constricting midway and then expanding, together with the medial carina and frontal costa, ending in a trifurcated structure in frontal view ( Fig. 63A View FIGURE 63 )....................................... M. arawaka View in CoL
- Ocelli of medium size. Medial carina exceeding the lateral horns or transverse carina, and the apex rounded, without a branching appearance ( Figs. 64D View FIGURE 64 , 67A View FIGURE 67 )............................................................................ 4
4. Medial carinae 3 to 4 times longer than transverse carinae in dorsal and frontal views, finely serrulated margins ( Fig. 64D View FIGURE 64 ). Tegmina sub-lanceolate 2.5 times longer than wide ( Fig. 64B View FIGURE 64 )........................................ M. boliviana View in CoL
- Medial carinae 1.5 to 2 times longer than the transverse carinae in dorsal and frontal views, with margins smooth and without modification. Tegmina ovoid 1.5 times longer than wide...................................................... 5
5. Midline of the pronotum with noticeable undulations on the first anterior third of the pronotal disc ( Figs. 65A View FIGURE 65 , 67B View FIGURE 67 )............................................................................................... M. chalazombra View in CoL
- Midline of the pronotum without undulations ( Figs. 68A View FIGURE 68 , 69A View FIGURE 69 )........................................ M. producta View in CoL
6. Anterior margin of the vertex rounded ( Fig. 70C View FIGURE 70 ); fascial carenae, with an inverted “V” shape ( Fig. 70B View FIGURE 70 )...... B. roraimae View in CoL
- Anterior margin of the vertex pointed ( Fig. 70F View FIGURE 70 ); fascial carenae and frontal costa widely divergent, forming a scutellate frontal structure with a “U” shape, with the frontal costa converting into almost parallel structures ( Fig. 70E View FIGURE 70 ).......... B. paulista View in CoL
7. Fastigium wider than the width of an eye in dorsal view ( Fig. 71B View FIGURE 71 ). Pronotal disc flat, median carinae sub-elevated; humero-apical carina straight and conspicuous ( Fig. 71A View FIGURE 71 ). Infra-scapular area shorth and narrow ending at the level of the second to third abdominal segments ( Fig. 71A View FIGURE 71 ). Angles of the lateral lobes flattened and projected to the sides, triangular shaped ( Figs. 71B, D View FIGURE 71 ). (Genus Rehniatra gen. nov.).............................................. R. brevifastigiata comb. nov.
- Fastigium narrower than the width of an eye in dorsal view ( Fig. 73C View FIGURE 73 , 74C View FIGURE 74 ). Median carina moderately elevated, giving the pronotum a tectiform appearance ( Fig. 73A View FIGURE 73 ); humero-apical carina curved and poorly differentiated. Infrascapular area widened, ending close to the abdomen apex ( Fig. 73B View FIGURE 73 ). Angles of the lateral lobes noticeably expanded to sides and pointed ( Fig. 74C View FIGURE 74 ). (Genus Grantiatra gen. nov.).................................................. G. douglasi sp. nov.
Genus Miriatra View in CoL Bolívar, 1906
Mitraria View in CoL Bolívar, 1887: 253 (nomen preoccupied).
Miriatra View in CoL Bolívar, 1906: 392.
Type species: Mitraria producta Bolívar, 1887, by subsequent designation ( Rehn, 1904).
Redescription. Body slightly granulated and slender ( Figs. 64A View FIGURE 64 , 65A View FIGURE 65 , 68A View FIGURE 68 ). Head little exserted. In frontal view: vertex wider than 1.5 to 2 times the width of an eye; medial carinae of most species 1.5 to 2 times longer than the lateral ones ( Figs. 63A View FIGURE 63 , 67A View FIGURE 67 ) ( M. boliviana 3 to 4 times longer ( Fig. 64D View FIGURE 64 )); frontal costa bifurcation located at the middle of the eyes; scutellum moderately expanded, with its branches nearly straight ( Figs. 63A View FIGURE 63 , 67A View FIGURE 67 , 68B View FIGURE 68 ); fascial carinae prominent; ramification of fascial carinae angled; antennae groves located lower than the ventral margin of the eyes, in the middle length of each branch of the fascial carinae ( Figs. 63A View FIGURE 63 , 64D View FIGURE 64 , 67A View FIGURE 67 ), and with 14–15 segments; lateral ocelli placed between the inferior part of the eyes, near the base from where each branch of the fascial carinae diverges; medial ocellus located close to the lower margin of the scutellum; palpi with last three segments flattened, first two segments short and nearly cylindrical ( Figs. 63A View FIGURE 63 , 67A View FIGURE 67 ). In lateral view: carinae of the vertex prominent and protruding forward between the eyes; face moderately oblique; fastigio-fascial angle little convex in front; fascial carinae slightly emerging between the antennae, above and below slightly sinuate; eyes subglobose, with rounded dorsal surface and almost straight ventral margin, not elevated higher than vertex ( Figs. 65B View FIGURE 65 , 67B View FIGURE 67 ).
Thorax. Pronotum greatly surpassing the tip of hind femora; pronotal disc straight anteriorly and acuminated at apex; in most species, pronotal disc flat ( Figs. 63B View FIGURE 63 , 69B View FIGURE 69 ) (only M. chalazombra with the mid carina with undulations on the first third of pronotum in lateral view ( Fig. 66A View FIGURE 66 )). Lateral carinae almost straight in dorsal and lateral views; humeral angles concave; angles of the lateral lobes flattened and projected to the sides, triangular-shaped and obtuse; posterior margin of lateral lobe with a mid-undulation ( Figs. 64C View FIGURE 64 , 65C View FIGURE 65 , 67C View FIGURE 67 ); infra-scapular area shorth and narrow, ending at the level of the first to second abdominal segments; lateral area poorly developed ( Figs. 64B View FIGURE 64 , 66A View FIGURE 66 , 69A View FIGURE 69 ). Wings. Tegmina small and ovoid ( Fig. 67E View FIGURE 67 ); hind wings well-developed (macropterous). Legs mostly slender. Fore and mid-femora dorsally and ventrally slightly compressed, with some undulations; fore and mid-tibiae sulcated above ( Fig. 67D View FIGURE 67 ). Hind femora with ante-genicular tooth developed; genicular tooth triangular and with apex rounded ( Fig. 64A View FIGURE 64 , 65B View FIGURE 65 , 68A View FIGURE 68 ). Hind tibiae toward the apices, not or barely ampliated; first and third segments of the hind tarsi equal in length. Abdomen. Last segments moderately constricted; cerci conical, and reduced; ovipositor valves with mid-sized serrations ( Figs. 67F, 67G View FIGURE 67 , 68D View FIGURE 68 ); subgenital plate divided at apex ( Fig. 67H View FIGURE 67 ).
Male. Unknown.
Species included. Miriatra producta ( Bolívar, 1887), M. boliviana Günther, 1939 , M. chalazombra Günther, 1939 , and M. arawaka Rehn, 1939 .
Distribution. Amazon and Amazon foothills of Peru , Brazil, and Guyana (Guyanese region) (Maps 1 and 2).
Remarks. When described, this genus originally included M. producta and M. phyllocera (Haan, 1843) (currently in Rostella Hancock, 1913 ). In 1939, Günther described one new species. In the same year, Rehn added two other ones, resulting in four species now included within the genus. Silva et al. (2017) moved Metopomystrum brevifastigiata Cadena-Castañeda & Cardona-Granda, 2015 into Miriatra . However, below, this species is transferred to a new genus.
Bolivar, I. (1887) Essai sur les Acridiens de la tribu des Tettigidae. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 31, 175-313.
Cadena-Castaneda, O. J. & Cardona-Granda, J. M. (2015) Introduccion a los Saltamontes de Colombia (Orthoptera: Caelifera, Acridomorpha, Tetrigoidea & Tridactyloidea). Lulu, Raleigh, North Carolina, 534 pp.
Gunther, K. (1939) Revision der Acrydiinae (Orthoptera), III. Sectio Amorphopi (Metrodorae Bol. 1887, aut.). Abhandlungen und Berichte aus den Staatlichen Museen fur Tierkunde und Volkerkunde in Dresden, Series A: Zoology, N. F., 20 (NF Bd. 1), 16-335.
Kasalo, N., Yong, S., Rebrina, F. & Skejo, J. (2023 a) Definition of the tribe Metrodorini (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) with notes on biogeography and evolution of Metrodorinae and Cladonotinae. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 63 (1), 187-193. https://doi.org/10.37520/aemnp.2023.010
Perez-Gelabert, D. E., Hierro, B. & Otte, D. (1998) New genera and species of Greater Antillean grouse-locusts (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae: Cladonotinae). Journal of Orthoptera Research, 7, 189-204. https://doi.org/10.2307/3503518
Rehn, J. A. G. (1904) Studies in the orthopterous subfamilies Acrydiinae (Tettiginae), Eumastacinae and Proscopinae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 56, 658-683.
Rehn, J. A. G. (1939) A new grouse-locust of the genus Miriatra from British Guiana (Orthoptera: Acrididae, Acrydiinae). Notulae Naturae, 25, 1-6.
Silva, D. S. M., Skejo, J., Pereira, M. R., De Domenico, F. C. & Sperber, C. F. (2017) Comments on the recent changes in taxonomy of pygmy unicorns, with description of a new species of Metopomystrum from Brazil (Insecta, Tetrigidae, Cleostratini, Miriatrini). Zookeys, 702, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.702.13981
Silva, D. S. M. & Pereira, M. R. (2024) A new genus of horn - like tetrigids (Insecta: Orthoptera: Caelifera: Tetrigidae) from South America. Insecta Mundi, 1072, 1-15.
Storozhenko, S. Y. (2016) Review of the pygmy grasshoppers of the tribe Cleostratini (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae). Far Eastern Entomologist, 326, 1-44.
FIGURE 63. Miriatra arawaka Rehn, 1939. Female holotype. A. Frons. B. Habitus in dorsal view. After Rehn (1939).
FIGURE 64. Miriatra boliviana Günther, 1939. Female lectotype. A–B. Habitus in lateral views. C. Habitus in dorsal view. D. Frons. E. Labels. Photos: J. Tumbrinck.
FIGURE 65. Miriatra chalazombra Günther, 1939. Female paratype.A–B. Habitus in lateral views. C. Habitus in dorsal view. D. Frons. E. Labels. Photos: J. Tumbrinck.
FIGURE 67. Miriatra chalazombra Günther, 1939. Female. A. Frons. B–C. Head and thorax in lateral and dorsal views, respectively. D. Fore femur. E. Tegmina. F–H. Terminalia in axial, lateral and ventral views, respectively.
FIGURE 68. Miriatra producta (Bolívar, 1887). Female lectotype.A. Habitus in lateral view. B. Frons. C. Head and thorax in lateral view. D. Terminalia in lateral view. E. Labels. Photos: M. París (MNCN).
FIGURE 69. Miriatra producta (Bolívar, 1887). Female paralectotype.A. Habitus in lateral and, B. Dorsal views. C. Terminalia in lateral. D. and ventral views. E. Labels. Photos: M. París (MNCN).
FIGURE 70. Brazitettix species. A–C. Brazitettix roraimae Silva, 2024, male. D–F. Brazitettix paulista Silva, 2024, female. A, D. Habitus in lateral view. B, E. Frons. C, F. Head in dorsal view.
FIGURE 71. Rehniatra brevifastigiata (Cadena-Castañeda & Cardona, 2015) n. gen et comb. nov. Male holotype. A–B. Habitus in lateral and dorsal views. C. Frons. D. Head and thorax in lateral view.
FIGURE 72. Rehniatra brevifastigiata (Cadena-Castañeda & Cardona, 2015) comb. nov. A. Male holotype in live condition. Envigado, Antioquia Departament, Colombia (type locality). Photo: Juan Manuel Cardona Granda. B. Aditional male from Támesis, Antioquia, Colombia. Photo: Carlos Augusto Mesa Londoño https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/10050696. CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 DEED.
FIGURE 73. Grantiatra douglasi Cadena-Castañeda & Tavares gen. nov. et sp. nov. Male holotype habitus. A–B. Lateral view. C. Habitus in dorsal view.
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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Rehniatra
| Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Quintana-Arias, Ronald Fernando, Infante, Ivette Coque, Silva, Daniela Santos Martins & Tavares, Gustavo Costa 2025 |
Mitraria
| Bolivar, I. 1887: 253 |