Mucuna globulifera T.M. Moura, N. Zamora & A.M.G. Azevedo, Kew Bull.

De, Tânia M., Lewis, Gwilym P., Mansano, Vidal F. & Tozzi, Ana M. G. A., 2018, A revision of the neotropical Mucuna species (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae), Phytotaxa 337 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

9. Mucuna globulifera T.M. Moura, N. Zamora & A.M.G. Azevedo, Kew Bull. 68(1): 151. 2013. ( Fig. 12 )

TYPE:— PANAMA. Darien, 6 August 1986 (fl./fr.), J.F. McDonagh et al. 541 (holotype: BM!; isotype: MO!) .

Lianas. Leaves 3-foliolate; stipules caducous; petiole 8.0– 15 cm long; pulvinus 10 × 3.0 mm; rachis 2.5–3.5 cm long; stipels absent; petiolules 8.0– 10 mm long; leaflet blades ovate to elliptic, that of the apical leaflet 9.5–18.5 × 5.7–10 cm, those of the lateral leaflets 11.5–13.5 × 6.0–7.0 cm and asymmetrical, all blades obtuse or rounded at base, cuspidate at apex, the hairs appressed and sparse on both surfaces, the venation eucamptodromous, with 4–5 pairs of secondary veins per leaflet. Inflorescence axillary, pseudoracemose; peduncle 1.0–3.0 m long; rachis condensed, 1.0– 2.5 cm long, internodes 1.0 mm long; bracts persistent, 3–5 × 2.5–3.0 cm, ovate and concave (primary and secondary bracts enveloping the young inflorescence to form a globose structure); pedicels 4.0–6.0 cm long. Flowers 4.0– 4.5 cm long; calyx sericeous on outer and inner surfaces, 1.5–2.0 cm long; lobes 4, the adaxial one

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Phytotaxa 337 (1) © 2018 Magnolia Press • 25 formed by two connate sepals, the abaxial one 5.0–7.0 mm long, the apex obtuse, the other two lobes 3.0–4.0 mm long, the apex acute or rounded; corolla generally pale salmon coloured to whitish, whitish green (when fully mature), but also reported as cream (A. Gentry & L.E. Aguirre 15218 COL), or creamish yellow (J.A. Duke & T.S. Elias 13877 COL); standard lanceolate, 3.3–3.7 × 2.0 cm, apex acute to retuse, base cordate-sagittate, the claw ca. 3.0–4.0 mm long, glabrous; wing petals oblong, 2.7–3.7 × 1.0 cm, basally attenuate, apically rounded, pubescent at base, the claw ca. 1.0 mm long; keel petals oblong, 4.0–4.5 × 0.7–1.0 cm, attenuate at base, obtuse at apex, pubescent at base, the claw ca. 1.0 mm long. Stamen filaments 4.0 cm long, glabrous. Gynoecium 4.0– 4.5 cm long; ovary 8.0 × 2.0 mm, densely sericeous, 4–5-ovulate; style 3.0–4.0 cm long, densely sericeous, glabrescent at apex, the stigma peltate. Fruit oblong, laterally compressed, (1–) 2–3-seeded, 10.5–18.2 × 4.5–5.5 cm, the margin undulate between the seeds, softly villous and lacking irritant hairs. Seeds discoid, black, 3.0–3.3 × 2.7–3.4 cm.

Taxonomic notes:— Mucuna globulifera Moura et al. (2013c: 151–155) is unique by the combination of its long peduncle (usually more than 2.0 m long), its globose young inflorescence, wing petals shorter than the standard petal and its fruit not ornamented by lamellae. In terms of inflorescence type, the most similar species is M. mollis ( Kunth 1823: 444) De Candolle (1825: 405) , but M. mollis has a dense indumentum of erect hairs on the abaxial surface of the leaflets, while in M. globulifera the trichomes are adpressed and sparse or the leaflets are almost glabrous. Moreover, the corolla colour in M. mollis is yellow (vs. pale salmon to whitish, whitish green, cream or creamish yellow in M. globulifera ).

Phenology:— Flowering June to August, fruiting in March, and from July to September.

Distribution and habitat:— Mucuna globulifera occurs in Costa Rica, Panama, and Colombia ( Fig. 10 ). The species is quite common at middle elevations (ca. 1200 m) of the Changuinola watershed in Parque Internacional La Amistad ( Panama) and Jardín Botánico Las Cruces, San Vito ( Costa Rica), but is apparently rare elsewhere, although quite possibly common in areas that have yet to be explored. The species colonises sunny, disturbed open areas, such as forest gaps and margins at 100–1400 m.

Conservation status:— Mucuna globulifera is assessed as being of Least Concern (LC). Mucuna globulifera has a restricted area of occupancy (52 km 2, EN), but it has been recorded from more than ten localities and overall its habitat is not significantly fragmented. In addition, although we have not undertaken any field expeditions to the occurrence area of this species, information from other botanists, working within the distribution range of the species, report no recent decline, or fluctuation, in populations.

Representative specimens examined:— COLOMBIA. Antioquia: Hoya del Rio León o Bacubá, from Villa Arteaga to Chigorodó , Río Porroso , La Pedrera , about 90 m, 3 October 1961 (fl.), J. Cuatrecasas & L. Willard 26200 (US) . Chocó: Trail from Unguia along Río Tigre toward base of Serranía del Darién , 200–300 m, 16 July 1975 (fl.), A. Gentry & L.E. Aguirre 15218 ( COL, MO, NY) . Santander: San Juan Valley, vicinity of Puerto Berrío , between Carare and Magdalena Rivers , 100–700 m, 16 June 1935 (fl.), O. Haught 1797 ( US) . COSTA RICA. Puntarenas: Along Río Java S of San Vito de Coto Brus, 08º47' N, 82º58' W, 1150 m, 1 July 1984 (fl.), M. H. Grayum 3349 ( MO) ; Jardín Botánico Wilson, Las Cruces, San Vito de Coto Brus , sobre el Sendero Este hacia Río Java , 08º47'30" N, 82º58'00" W, 1100 m, 3 September 1993 (fr.), G. Rivera 2141 ( CR, K) ; San Vito de Coto Brus, Estación Biológica Las Cruces, OET, orillas del camino que lleva al río Java , 08º78'41.1" N, 82º96'050" W, 1200 m, 12 June 2011 (fl.), D. Santamaría & Lagomarsino 8864 ( INB) ; Finca Las Cruces , S of San Vito, 08º47'5" N, 82º57' W, 3700–3800 ft, 28 July 1977 (fr./fl.), G.L.Webster 22107 ( MO) . PANAMA. Bocas del Toro: Changuinola, faldas del Falso Fábrega , punto de maestro # 9, 3 August 2008 (fl.), D. Santamaría et al. 7696 ( PMA) . Chiriquí: 1 km del Hato del Volcán en la carretera que va a Concepción , 24 April 1969 (fl.), M.D. Correa & R. Lazor 1439 ( MO, PMA) ; Canal Area, Lake Madden , ca 100 m, 29 August 1982 (fl.), C. W. Hamilton & H. Stockwell 1112 ( MO) . Coclé: Region north of El Valle de Antón , 1000 m, 21 August 1946 (fl.), P.H. Allen 3640 ( NY; MO) ; Forest on hills above road 18 km past Sardinilla on way to Nombre de Dios (road not finished), 2 August 1974 (fl./fr.), T.B. Croat 26088 ( MO) . Colon: Along Quebrada Bonita, 13 km NE of Buena Vista, 3 km NW of Salamanca , 28 October 1973 (fr.), M. Nee 7632 ( MO) ; along dirt trail, 4 km NW of Salamanca, 13 km NE of Buenos Aires , 340–410 m, 30 December 1973 (fr.), M. Nee 9075 ( MO) . Darién: 10 August 1967 (fl.), J.A. Duke & T.S. Elias 13877 ( COL, K, DUKE [photo], MO; UC [photo]) ; trail and river bank between Manene and Rio Coasi , 22 December 1980 (fr.), R.L. Hartman 12126 ( MO) .

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Figures

FIGURE 10. Geographical distribution of five neotropical species of Mucuna: M. monticola and M. tapantiana (endemic to Central America) M. ecuatoriana and M. killipiana (endemic to South America) M. globulifera (Central and South America).

FIGURE 12. Mucuna globulifera A—Leaf and inflorescence, emphasizing peduncle length. B—Leaf. C—Indumentum on leaflet abaxial surface. D—Young inflorescence. E—Mature inflorescence. F—Calyx opened out. G—Indumentum on the calyx outer surface. H—Standard petal inner surface. J—Wing petal. K—Keel petal. L—Androecium (9 + 1) and gynoecium apex. M—Gynoecium. N—Immature fruit. Voucher: leaf and flower dissection Duke & Elias 13877 (K); inflorescence in bud and in open flowers, pod and close up of leaflet under-surface all from McDonagh et al. 514 (BM). Figure first published in Moura et al. (2013c). Drawn by Margaret Tebbs.