Onthophagus (Onthophagus) confusus Boucomont, 1932

Chamorro, William, Marin-Armijos, Diego, senjo, Angelico & Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z., 2019, Scarabaeinae dung beetles from Ecuador: a catalog, nomenclatural acts, and distribution records, ZooKeys 826, pp. 1-343 : 178-180

Onthophagus (Onthophagus) confusus Boucomont, 1932 Plate 39D

Onthophagus ophion var. confusus Boucomont, 1932: 306 (original description. Type locality: Bolivie, Équator).

Onthophagus ophion var. confusus : Blackwelder 1944: 211 (list of species for Latin America); Vulcano and Pereira 1967: 564 (characters in key); Carvajal et al. 2011: 322-323 (cited for Ecuador); Rossini et al. 2018b: 10 (list of species from osculatii complex); Chamorro et al. 2018: 97 (cited for Ecuador).

Onthophagus confusus : Rossini et al. 2018a: 549 (figures: 4a-d, 4j-n, 5a), 552-553 (characters in key), 573 (cited as new status), 574 (redescription), 575 (distribution).

Onthophagus nabeleki Balthasar, 1939h: 43 (original description); Martínez 1947: 112 (distribution); Zunino and Halffter 1997: 161 (list of species); Medina et al. 2001: 140 (cited for Colombia); Pulido-Herrera and Zunino 2007: 110 (catalog of species); Carvajal et al. 2011: 322-323 (cited for Ecuador); Krajcik 2012: 182 (complete list of species); Bezdek and Hajek 2013: 414 (catalog of the types of the NMPC); Rossini et al. 2018a: 549 (figures: 4e-f), 576 (cited as junior synonym of O. confusus Boucomont, 1932); Chamorro et al. 2018: 97 (cited for Ecuador).

Types specimens.

Onthophagus confusus Boucomont, 1932. The lectotype (♂) is deposited at the MNHN (see Rossini et al. 2018a: 575). Locality: Huigra 1000 m (not examined).

Onthophagus nabeleki Balthasar, 1939. The lectotype (♀) is deposited at the SMTD (see Rossini et al. 2018a: 576). Locality: Ecuador (not examined).

Distribution.

Ecuador and Peru.

Records examined.

AZUAY: Huigra, 1000 (3 specimens MNHN). BOLIVAR: Balzapamba (1 specimen MNHN); Chimbo (2 specimens SMTD). COTOPAXI: Las Pampas, 1800 m (4 specimens CEMT); Otonga, 1800 m (4 specimens CEMT). IMBABURA: Paramba [= Parambas] (3 specimens SMTD). EL ORO: 10 km S de Portovelo (1 specimen CEMT); Piñas, 1200 m (26 specimens CEMT). GUAYAS: Bosque Protector Cerro Blanco, 350 m (27 specimens CEMT); Bucay (1 specimen MSMF). LOJA: 5 km N de Zambi, 1300 m (1 specimen CEMT); Gonzanama, 2000 m (2 specimens CEMT); Jimbura, 2100 m (2 specimens CEMT); Landangui (1 specimen MNHN); Piscobamba (1 specimen MSMF); without specific locality (1 specimen MNHN). PICHINCHA: 5 km SE de Nanegalito (2 specimens CEMT); Mindo, 1200-1500 m (3 specimens CEMT); Nanegalito, 1500 m (1 specimen CEMT); San José de Minas, 2400 m (8 specimens CEMT). SANTA ELENA: Olón, 10 m (291 specimens CEMT).

Literature records.

AZUAY: Huigra ( Bezdek and Hajek 2013: 414). GUAYAS: Guayaquil ( Bezdek and Hajek 2013: 414); Rio Pucay, Bucay, 300 m ( Rossini et al. 2018a: 577). GUAYAS [= PICHINCHA]: 30 km NNE Playas, Tinalandia, 680 m ( Rossini et al. 2018a: 577). EL ORO: Arenillas, 13 m ( Rossini et al. 2018a: 577); Huairapongo [= Huayrapongo] ( Bezdek and Hajek 2013: 414); Palestina, 25 km N de Daule, 30 m ( Rossini et al. 2018a: 577). LOJA: Ciano ( Bezdek and Hajek 2013: 414); Macará-Catacocha, 650 m ( Rossini et al. 2018a: 577). ESMERALDAS: Esmeraldas ( Rossini et al. 2018a: 577); San Mateo ( Rossini et al. 2018a: 577). LOS RÍOS: Quevado [= Quevedo], Pichilingue ( Rossini et al. 2018a: 577). MANABÍ: 20 km N Chone, 300 m ( Rossini et al. 2018a: 577); Chone ( Rossini et al. 2018a: 577). PICHINCHA [= SANTO DOMINGO DE LOS TSÁCHILAS]: 34 km de Santo Domingo de los Colorados, 2000 m ( Rossini et al. 2018a: 577); Santo Domingo de Los Colorados ( Rossini et al. 2018a: 577); 4 km SE Santo Domingo, 500 m ( Rossini et al. 2018a: 577); Tinalandia, 780 m ( Rossini et al. 2018a: 577). SANTA ELENA: 27 km S Puerto López, 76 km N Santa Elena, 500 m ( Rossini et al. 2018a: 577); Manglar Alto ( Rossini et al. 2018a: 577). SANTO DOMINGO DE LOS TSÁCHILAS [= LOS RÍOS]: 47 km S Santo Domingo, Rio Palenque Station, 230-250 m ( Rossini et al. 2018a: 577). SANTO DOMINGO DE LOS TSÁCHILAS: Puerto Limón, 397 m ( Rossini et al. 2018a: 577).

Temporal data.

Collected in January, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, and December.

Remarks.

Inhabits coastal lowland semi-deciduous forests and coastal evergreen foothill forests from 10-1200 m a.s.l. In the Andean region, it was recorded in the evergreen lower montane forests and the montane cloud forests from 1300-2400 m a.s.l. Species was collected with pitfall traps baited with pig feces and human feces.