Phelipanche cilicica (Beck) Soják (1972: 129)

Piwowarczyk, Renata, Pedraja, Óscar Sánchez, Moral, Gonzalo Moreno, Fayvush, George, Zakaryan, Narine, Kartashyan, Nune & Aleksanyan, Alla, 2019, Holoparasitic Orobanchaceae (Cistanche, Diphelypaea, Orobanche, Phelipanche) in Armenia: distribution, habitats, host range and taxonomic problems, Phytotaxa 386 (1), pp. 1-106 : 33

8. Phelipanche cilicica (Beck) Soják (1972: 129) . Type:— TURKEY (holotype indicated by Gilli 1982: 11): [C5 Içel] Bulgar Dagh (Bolkar Da.), Güllek Boghas (Gülek Boðazi), 1160 m, 1853, Kotschy 356b (W). Basionym:— Orobanche cilicica Beck (1890:119) . Fig. 21 .

Distribution: —Central (Kotayk province), southern (Ararat, Vayots Dzor provinces) and rarely southeastern parts (Syunik province) ( Fig. 22 ).

General distribution: — Asia Minor, Armenia-Kurdistan, Iran.

Habitat: —Semi-arid sandy slopes, rocky slopes, dry hills, sometimes on the edges of irrigation ditches in arid hills planted with apricots; in the one of the most hot and dry parts of the country, (800)1000‒1600(2500) m.

Hosts: —Mainly parasitic on Stachys inflata Benth. , rarely Phlomis orientalis Mill. ( Fig. 21 ) ( Lamiaceae ) (see a diversified map depending on hosts, Fig. 22 ). Occasionally, in one locality verified also on the roots of Turgenia latifolia (L.) Hoffm. ( Apiaceae ), hovewer the remaining population in these places parasitise on S. inflata . Needs confirmation: Salvia sp. ( Beck 1930: 97, Novopokrovskij & Tzvelev 1958).

Phenology: —Flowering May–June, fruiting June–July.

Conservation status: —Least Concern (LC). The species has rather wide distribution in Armenia (4 floristic regions). Three subpopulations grow in Arevik National Park, Khosrov Forest State Reserve, and Goravan State Sanctuary. Populations consist usually of over 20 shoots, to even 150 (e.g. vicinity of Azat Reservoir).

Notes: —Individuals parasitising Phlomis were sometimes slightly taller, with longer inflorescence and sometimes branched. At one locality (between Vayk and Saravan), entirely yellowish individuals were found.

Specimens examined: — ARMENIA. Ararat prov.: N semi-arid slopes of the Azat Reservoir, between Lanjazat and Garni, 1030 m, on Stachys inflata , 25 May 2016, R. Piwowarczyk (KTC); Vedi distr., Goravan, sands, 26 May 1960, A. Tamanyan et al. (ERCB) [as O. kelleri by T. Tsaturyan]; Goravan, sands, 8 June 1963, E. Gabrielyan (ERCB) [as O. kelleri by T. Tsaturyan]; Goravan, sands, 26 May 1960, A. Takhtajan et al. (ERE) [as O. kelleri by T. Tsaturyan]; Vedi distr., Urts Mts range, Asni, 22 June 1967, E. Gabrielyan (ERE) [as O. pulchella by S. Grigoryan]; Ararat distr., Arazdayan [Yeraskh], Kara-Burun Mts, rocky slopes, 9 June 1972, N. Khandjan & K. Tamanyan (ERE, ERCB) [as O. hirtiflora by S. Grigoryan]; prope Araz-daian [Yeraskh], 5 June 1925, A. Schelkovnikov (ERE) [as O. purpurea by A. Grossheim, as O. kelleri by Tzvelev]; NE of Urtsadzor, Khosrov reserve, rocky and sandy slope, 39°56’50”N, 44°53’35”E, 1225 m, 13 June 2017, R. Piwowarczyk (ERCB, KTC); Kotayk prov.: Arzakan, the right bank of the river, 25 June 196?, T. Tsaturyan (ERCB) [as O. kelleri ]; Hrazdan distr., Takarlu [Artavaz], SE slope, 2 July 1975, S. Dallyakan (ERCB); Garni, rocky, dry slopes, 22 June 1952, M. Sarkisyan (ERE, ERCB) [bad preserved specimen, as O. hirtiflora by T. Tsaturyan], [with Phlomis sp. ]; Abovyan distr., Kyankyan [Hatis], 14 June 1980, Ja. Mulkidjanyan (ERCB) [bad preserved specimen, as O. hirtiflora by T. Tsaturyan]; Jrvezh Forest Park, southern boundary, red clay in the western part, 4 June 1996, V. Manaykan (ERE); Syunik prov.: semi-desert slopes between Shvanidzor and Gomarants Pass, 835 m, on S. inflata , 4 June 2016, R. Piwowarczyk (KTC); rocky slopes, small hill 1 km N of Meghri, on S. inflata , 28 June 1956, T.V. Egorova, N.N. Tzvelev & S.K. Cherepanov (LE) [as O. cilicica by Tzvelev]; Vayots Dzor prov.: steppe N slope of the Arpi river, between Vayk and Saravan, 1360 m, on Phlomis orientalis , 27 May 2016, R. Piwowarczyk (KTC); steppe, W slopes of Herher reservoir, between Vayk and Herher, ca. 1500 m, on Phlomis orientalis , 28 May 2016, R. Piwowarczyk (KTC); NW slopes of Herher reservoir, near the road to Herher, 1480 m, on S. inflata , 28 May 2016, R. Piwowarczyk (KTC); E of Vernashen, in direction to Tanahti Vank monastery, 1560 m, on S. inflata , 28 May 2016, R. Piwowarczyk (KTC); between Tanahti Vank monastery and Arkazi S. Khach church, S of the road, 1500 m, on S. inflata , 28 May 2016, R. Piwowarczyk (KTC); ca. 1, 5 km NW on Noravank monastery, 1340 m, on P. orientalis and S. inflata , 29 May 2016, R. Piwowarczyk (KTC); 1 km SE of Areni, ca. 1170 m, on S. inflata , 29 May 2016, R. Piwowarczyk (KTC); 2, 5 km N of Zaritap, 1415 m, on P. orientalis , 31 May 2016, R. Piwowarczyk 2016 (KTC); Yeghegnadzorskiy distr., Aghavnadzor, Ulgyur Mt, S slopes, 2000–2500 m, 17 July 1973, T. Popova & N. Khandjan (ERE) [as O. bungeana by S. Grigoryan]; Yeghegnadzorskiy distr., near Khachik, Karmir-Sahal Mt, 2100 m, 12 July 1972, N. Gohtuni & K. Tamanyan (ERE) [as O. bungeana by S. Grigoryan]; area ca. 10 km ESE of Vayk, road to Artavan, 1640 m, 18 June 2009, M. Oganesian, H. Ter-Voskanyan, K. Kugler & E. Vitek (ERE) [as O. aegyptiaca by G. Domina]; small hill 2,5–4,5 km NW of Mikoyan [Yeghegnadzor], 7 June 1956, N.N. Tzvelev & S.K. Cherepanov (LE) [as O. cilicica by Tzvelev]; Yerevan.: between Yerevan and Avan, rocky slopes, with Kochia ?, 1956, N.N. Tzvelev (LE).

Figures

FIGURE 21. Phelipanche cilicica. A. General habit on Phlomis orientalis, B–C. General habit on Stachys inflata. D–F. Inflorescences. Photos by Renata Piwowarczyk.

FIGURE 22. Distribution of Phelipanche cilicica in Armenia: on Stachys inflata (circle), and on Phlomis orientalis (triangle).