Orthochirus kryzhanovskyi, Kovařík & Fet & Yağmur, 2020

Kovařík, FrantIšek, Fet, Victor & Yağmur, Ersen Aydın, 2020, Further review of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from Asia: taxonomic position of O. melanurus, O. persa, O. scrobiculosus, and description of six new species, Euscorpius 318, pp. 1-73 : 22-26

Orthochirus kryzhanovskyi sp. n.

( Figures 106–132 , 343 , Table 1) http: //zoobank. org/urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: CEF6E0E2-

1290-48DD -8489-F6B24050A63E

TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE DEPOSITORY. Pakistan, Sindh Province, Nagarparkar , [24.3558°N, 70.7544°E] ; FKCP.

TYPE MATERIAL EXAMINED. Pakistan, Sindh Province, Nagarparkar , [24.3558°N, 70.7544°E], 15 September 2010, 1♂ (holotype), leg. Z. Ahmed , FKCP.

ETYMOLOGY. The species epithet is a patronym honoring Oleg Leonidovich Kryzhanovsky (1918–1997), a great Russian entomologist, coleopterologist, and biogeographer who worked extensively on the CentralAsian fauna ( Kryzhanovsky, 1965). His monumental work influenced numerous zoologists across the former USSR, including V.F.

DIAGNOSIS (♂). Total length of male holotype 22.44 mm. Color yellow, with mesosoma yellow to yellowish brown. Trichobothrium d 2 on dorsal surface of pedipalp femur absent. Pectinal teeth number 21–23 in male. Movable finger of pedipalps with 8–9 rows of denticles, 8 ID and 8–9 OD. Dorsal carinae on pedipalp patella present and partly granulated. Pedipalp femur dorsal finely granulated. Metasoma I – V dorsal densely granulated. Metasoma I – III with 6–8 carinae, metasoma IV – V with 2 dorsolateral carinae; ventrolateral carinae indicated on metasoma IV and present on metasoma V. Ventral carinae of metasoma I– III smooth or consist of a row of large granules. Fine punctation ventrally developed on metasoma V and reduced on metasoma IV. Tergites roughly granulated. Sternite VII densely granulated laterally but smooth in middle, without carinae. Pedipalp, metasoma and telson glabrous. Moderate tibial spurs present on legs III and IV. Tarsomere I of legs I– III with 5–7 long setae in male. Ratio length/width of metasoma V 1.27 in male holotype . Pedipalp femur length/ width ratio 3.1 in male holotype.

DESCRIPTION. Total length of adult male 22.44 mm. Measurements of the carapace, telson, segments of the metasoma and segments of the pedipalps are given in Table 1. For habitus, see Figs. 106–107 .

Coloration ( Figs. 106–107 ). Color yellow, with mesosoma yellow to yellowish brown.

Mesosoma and carapace ( Figs. 108–111 ). Tergites with a median carina and is roughly granulated. Seventh sternite densely granulated laterally but smooth in middle, without carinae, the other sternites almost smooth with small symmetrical granulated areas and several granules anteriorly and laterally. Pectinal teeth number 21–23 in male holotype.

Metasoma and telson ( Figs. 116–122 ). Metasoma I–III with 6–8 partly granulated carinae. Metasoma I, IV–V lack ventromedian carinae; metasoma II–V lack lateral carinae, which are indicated on metasoma II. Ventrolateral carinae are developed on metasoma I–III, V and indicated on metasoma IV, dorsolateral carinae are present on metasoma I–III, and indicated to absent on metasoma IV–V. Ventral carinae of metasoma I–III smooth or consist of a row of large granules. Metasoma I and partly metasoma II–III are granulated laterally, metasoma III–V laterally punctate; granulation present on dorsal surfaces of all metasomal segments and irregularly also on ventral surfaces. Fine punctation ventrally developed on metasoma V and reduced on metasoma IV. Entire metasoma and telson glabrous. Telson smooth, without punctation.

Pedipalps ( Figs. 123–132 ). Trichobothrium d 2 on dorsal surface of pedipalp femur absent; trichobothrium e 1 is situated at level with d 4. Femur of pedipalps with five granulated carinae and is dorsally granulated. Patella has seven partly granulated carinae, and the chela has smooth carinae which may be discernible throughout the length of the fixed finger. The entire pedipalps are glabrous with several setae only. Movable fingers with 8–9 rows of denticles, 8 ID and 8–9 OD.

Legs ( Figs. 112–115 ). Moderate tibial spurs present on legs III and IV. Femur with four partly granulated carinae; patella with five rather smooth carinae; tibia smooth. Patella with only a few setae. Tibia with setae on the outer side of legs I– III. Tarsomere I of legs I–III with 5–7 long setae in male, legs IV with 3–4 setae. Tarsomeres I–II internal of all legs with two rather irregular rows of setae.

Measurements. See Table 1.

AFFINITIES.Yellow color, with mesosoma yellow to yellowish brown ( Figs. 106–107 ) distinguish O. kryzhanovskyi sp. n. from all other species of the genus except O. pallidus , which, according to Pocock (1897: 107–108), is “entirely pale yellow throughout, the eyes alone black”. The first author studied and designated lectotype of O. pallidus in 2004 (see Figs. 344–349 ); this specimen most likely has changed color due to long storage in alcohol so its original color cannot be verified. Tikader & Bastawade (1983) cited its color as “… yellowish in color but darker on metasomal segments.”

Another unusual character is presence of granulation on dorsal surfaces of all metasomal segments. O. pallidus also has granulated metasomal segments but mainly ventrally ( Figs. 346 and 348 ). Dorsal surfaces of metasoma I–III are in O. pallidus rather smooth and bumpy ( Fig. 347 ), and in O. kryzhanovskyi sp. n. they are granulated ( Fig. 118 ).

DISTRIBUTION. Pakistan ( Fig. 343 ). Known only from the type locality .

Figures

Figure 343. Geographic distribution of the Orthochirus spp. found from Turkey to India. An approximate area where the lectotype of O. melanurus was collected is marked by red ellipse.

Figures 106–107. Orthochirus kryzhanovskyi sp. n., holotype male, dorsal (79) and ventral (80) views. Scale bar: 10 mm.

Figures 108–115: Orthochirus kryzhanovskyi sp. n., holotype male. Figures 108–111. Carapace and tergites (108, 110), and sternopectinal region and sternites (109, 111), under white light (108–109) and UV light (110–111). Figures 112–115. Right legs I–IV, retrolateral aspect.

Figures 116–122. Orthochirus kryzhanovskyi sp. n., holotype male, metasoma IV–V and telson ventral (116), metasoma and telson, lateral (117, 120), dorsal (118, 121), and ventral (119, 122), under UV light (116–119) and white light (120–122). Scale bar: 10 mm. (117–122).

Figures 123–132. Orthochirus kryzhanovskyi sp. n., holotype male, segments of pedipalps. Pedipalp chela, dorsal (123), external (124), and ventral (125) views. Pedipalp patella, dorsal (126), external (127), and ventral (128) views. Pedipalp femur and trochanter, internal (129), dorsal (130), and ventral (131) views. Pedipalp chela, movable finger (132) dentate margins. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 123–127, 129–130 (white circles).

Figures 344–349: Orthochirus pallidus, lectotype female, dorsal (344) and ventral (345) views, sternite VII, metasoma and telson ventral (346), metasoma and telson dorsal (347), metasoma IV–V and telson ventral (348) and dorsal (349) views. Scale bars: 10 mm (344–345).