Protochorebus pervushini, Kostromina, Tatiana S., Timokhov, Alexander V. & Belokobylskij, Sergey A., 2016

Kostromina, Tatiana S., Timokhov, Alexander V. & Belokobylskij, Sergey A., 2016, Braconid wasps of subfamily Alysiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) as endoparasitoids of Selachops flavocinctus Wahlberg, 1844 (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in the Central Urals, Russia, Zootaxa 4200 (2), pp. 305-319 : 309-314

Protochorebus pervushini sp. nov.

( Figs 10–23 )

Type material. Holotype: female, Middle Urals , Ekaterinburg City outskirts, Verkh-Isetsk pond, Baran Island, sweeping on sedge, 25.V.2015, T. Kostromina coll. ( ZISP).

Paratypes. 1 female, 5 males, same label as holotype (ZISP, TK); 1 male, same locality, 14.V.2009 ( ZISP) ; 1 female, 13 males, same locality, 19.V.2009 ( ZISP, TK) ; 1 female, 4 males, same locality, 10–15.V.2011 ( ZISP, TK) ; 1 male, same locality, reared from sedge tussock infested by Selachops flavocinctus (Agromyzidae) , 7.V.2013 ( ZISP) ; 2 females (one damaged), same locality, from sedge tussock infested by Selachops flavocinctus (Agromyzidae) , collected 30.IV.2014, reared 12.V.2014 ( ZISP) ; 1 male, same locality, from sedge tussock infested by Selachops flavocinctus (Agromyzidae) , collected 1.V.2014, reared 11.V.2014 ( ZISP) ; 1 male, same locality, “[9– 8] Reared from pupa of Selachops flavocinctus (Agromyzidae) 12.05.2015, sedge tussock collected 3.V.2015 ” (TK).

Description. Female ( Fig. 10 ). Body length 3.3–4.7 mm; fore wing length 3. 0–3.6 mm.

Head ( Fig. 12 ) behind eyes (dorsal view) evenly and more or less distinctly widened anteriorly, roundly narrowed posteriorly, 1.7–1.8 × as wide as median length, about 1.5 × as wide as maximum length, 1.40–1.45 × as wide as mesoscutum. Occiput medially distinctly concave. Frons with shallow and rather wide median longitudinal furrow in posterior half. Temple 1.1 × as long as transverse diameter of eye (1.3 × if measured in a straight line). Ocelli arranged in almost equilateral triangle. POL 1.5–1.6 × OD, 0.3–0.4 × OOL. Eyes glabrous, 1.2–1.3 × as high as broad. Face ( Fig. 11 ) width equal to height of eye, 1.5–1.7 × median height of face. Width of clypeus 2.5 × its median height. Mandible ( Fig. 14 ) weakly widened towards subapex, its median length 1.5–1.7 × maximum subapical width; with five teeth, formula of its teeth 1b+2b+3 (three main teeth and two, lower first and lower second, additional teeth). Upper tooth rather short, wide, weakly outstanding, subrectangular, apically with distinct median excavation dividing apex into two obtuse teeth. Median tooth long, rather narrow, almost straight, (sub)pointed apically, slightly direct outward, submedially with small obtuse additional ventral tooth. Excision between upper and median teeth not deep and narrow. Lower tooth short, rather wide, slightly direct outward, subpointed.

Antenna ( Figs 15, 16 ) rather thick but narrowed apically, weakly fusiform in basal one-third and here with transverse segments, with subsquare or weakly elongate segments in apical half, 42-segmented, about 0.9 × as long as body. Scape 1.6–1.8 × longer than its maximum width. First flagellar segment 2.0–2.3 × longer than its apical width, 1.3–1.4 × longer than second segment. Transverse flagellar segments situated in basal third (dorsal view) 1.3–1.4 × wider medially that their length. Penultimate segment 1.3–1.4 × longer than wide, 0.4 × as long as first flagellar segment, 0.7 × as long as apical segment. Last (apical) segment more or less pointed apically but without spine.

Mesosoma ( Figs 17, 18 ) 1.5–1.6 × longer than height. Pronotum with deep pronope. Mesonotum with distinct median longitudinal and weakly crenulate depression in posterior half, 0.85–0.90 × as long as maximum width. Notauli deep and crenulate in anterior 0.3–0.4, shallow submedially, absent in posterior half. Prescutellar depression deep, coarsely crenulate (with five to six carinae), 0.3–0.4 × as long as the convex scutellum. Metanotum with distinct median longitudinal carina (dorsal view) transformed posteriorly in short, wide and obtuse tooth (lateral view). Precoxal sulcus (sternaulus) ( Fig. 18 ) wide, deep, sinuate, strongly rugose-crenulate, reaching anterior and posterior margins of mesopleuron. Subalar depression rather shallow, wide, coarsely striate. Metapleural flange wide, short and obtuse. Propodeal spiracles very small and subround.

Wings ( Fig. 21 ). Fore wing 2.5–2.7 × longer than wide. Pterostigma short and wide, 3.5–4.0 × longer than its maximum width. Radial (marginal) cell distinctly shortened, finishing far from apex of wing. Metacarp (1-R1) 0.85–0.90 × as long as pterostigma, 1.9–2.0 × longer than distance from apex of radial (marginal) cell to apex of wing. Radial (r) vein arising somewhat before or nearly middle of pterostigma; inner anterior margin of pterostigma 0.9 × as long as its inner posterior margin. Second radial abscissa (SR1+3-SR) evenly curved, almost straight in posterior third. First radial abscissa (r) 0.2 × as long as second abscissa (SR1+3-SR) (if measured on straight line). Recurrent (m-cu) vein strongly antefurcal. First abscissa of longitudinal anal vein (1-1A) weakly evenly curved submedially. Distance between basal vein (1-M) and nervulus (cu-a) 0.6 × nervulus (cu-a) length. Brachial (first subdiscal) cell weakly widened to apex, widely open apically. Parallel vein (CU1a) arising behind middle of apical margin of brachial (first subdiscal) cell. Hind wing 3.8–4.0 × longer than its maximum width. First costal abscissa (C+SC+R) 0.8–0.9 × as long as second abscissa (1-SC+R). First abscissa of mediocubital vein (M+CU) 3.0–3.7 × longer than second abscissa (1-M).

Legs. Hind femur ( Fig. 19 ) 3.8–4.4 × longer than its maximum width. Hind tarsus 0.85–0.90 × as long as hind tibia. Hind basitarsus 0.55–0.60 × as long as second-fifth segments combined. Second segment of hind tarsus 0.6 × as long as hind basitarsus, 1.3–1.4 × longer than hind fifth segment (without pretarsus).

Metasoma ( Figs 22, 23 ) more or less elongated, weakly depressed, 2.6–2.8 × longer than its maximum width, 0.9–1.0 × as long as head and mesosoma combined. First tergite distinctly widened from base to spiracles, then almost parallel-sided, with wide dorsope, with distinct dorsal carinae fused basally and medially following till apex of tergite as single carina. Length of first tergite 1.3–1.5 × its apical width; apical width 1.6–1.9 × its basal width. Second tergite medially 0.5 × as long as basal width, 0.8–0.9 × as long as third tergite. Median length of second and third tergites 1.0–1.4 × its basal width, 0.7–1.0 × its apical width. Second suture very weak. Second-sixth tergites without separated laterotergites. Ovipositor sheath ( Fig. 20 ) very short, usually not or sometimes weakly protruding behind tip of metasoma, about as long as third segment of hind tarsus.

Sculpture and pubescence. Head mainly smooth, face finely punctate, clypeus almost smooth. Mesoscutum mainly smooth, finely rugulose-punctate anteriorly, sometimes partly with very fine granulation. Scutellum entirely smooth. Mesopleuron mainly smooth. Propodeum coarsely and densely rugose-reticulate with additional dense and fine granulation, with high median longitudinal carina. First tergite entirely densely rugose-reticulate with additional fine granulation. Remaining tergites smooth. Vertex entirely and mesoscutum almost entirely covered by dense pale short setae. Propodeum, metapleuron and first metasomal tergites almost entirely covered by long and rather dense pale setae. Hind coxa dorsally in long and rather dense pale setae not forming bunch. Third to sixth tergites with two-three lines of transverse pale setae in their posterior thirds. Sheath of ovipositor with cluster оf dense setae apically.

Colour. Body mainly black, metasoma partly with reddish tint, its sternites reddish brown on wide areas. Mandible reddish brown to dark reddish brown, almost black basally. Palpi reddish yellow, darker basally. Antenna mainly black, two basal segments reddish brown to dark reddish brown. Tegula almost black. Fore leg light reddish brown, fore coxa and trochanter brown to black; middle coxa, trochanter, trochantellus and basal half of femur dark brown to black, apical half of femur, tibia and tarsus (except dark apical segment) light reddish yellow with infuscation; hind coxa, trochanter and femur black, trochantellus and tibia mainly light reddish brown or reddish brown, apex of hind tibia and tarsus dark reddish brown. Fore wing faintly infuscate; veins brown to dark brown, but basally mainly brownish yellow or yellow. Pterostigma entirely dark brown.

Male. Body length 3.7–5.1 mm; fore wing length 3.4–4.1 mm. Temple ( Fig. 13 ) 1.2–1.3 × longer than transverse diameter of eye (1.4–1.7 × if measured on straight line). Antennae thickened, weakly setiform, 45–52- segmented, 1.0–1.1 × as long as body. Submedian antennal segments about as long as their maximum width. Mesoscutum sometimes with longitudinal striation in submedian area. Pterostigma 4.2–5.3 × longer than its maximum width. First radial abscissa 0.8–1.0 × as long as first radiomedial vein. Hind femur 4.0–4.3 × longer than its maximum width. Metasoma narrow, sometimes second and third tergites brownish. First tergite often weakly narrowed from spiracular tubercles towards apex or subparallel, its apical width 0.85–1.2 × width at level of spiracles, 1.4–1.8 × minimum width; length 1.5–1.6 × its apical width. Otherwise similar to female.

Etymology. This species is named in honour of Artem A. Pervushin (Yekaterinburg), who prematurely passed away, and who helped very much during Braconidae study of the first author.

Host. Selachops flavocinctus Wahlberg, 1844 ( Diptera : Agromyzidae ).

Distribution. Russia (Middle Urals).

Comparative diagnosis. The differences between new species P. pervushini sp. nov. and type species of this genus, P. kasparyani Perepechaenko ( Figs 24–34 ), are shown in the key below:

1. Upper (first) tooth of mandible compound, with additional distinct tubercle below ( Fig. 14 ). Mesoscutum of female partly finely punctate, its median posterior furrow rather long ( Fig. 17 ). Dorsal tooth of metanotum (lateral view) short ( Fig. 18 ). Recurrent vein (m-cu) of fore wing less strongly antefurcal, about 2.0 × longer than second abscissa of medial vein (2-SR+M) ( Fig. 21 ). Second radial abscissa (SR1+3-SR) of fore wing not sinuate in apical half ( Fig. 21 ). Hind femur black ( Fig. 19 ). Body length 3.3–5.1 mm .................................................... P. pervushini sp. nov. ( Figs 10–23 ) Upper (first) tooth of mandible simple, without additional tubercles ( Fig. 24 ). Mesoscutum of female mainly distinctly punctate, its median posterior furrow rather short ( Fig. 32 ). Dorsal tooth of metanotum (lateral view) long ( Fig. 31 ). Recurrent vein (m-cu) of fore wing strongly antefurcal, 1.3–1.5 × longer than second abscissa of medial vein (2-SR+M) ( Fig. 30 ). Second radial abscissa (SR1+3-SR) of fore wing more or less distinctly sinuate in apical half ( Fig. 30 ). Hind femur light reddish brown ( Fig. 25 ). Body length 4.2–4.4 mm ................................. P. kasparyani Perepechaenko, 1997 ( Figs 24–34 )

Based on the shape and structure of mandibles, P. pervushini sp. nov. resembles Chorebus (Pentalexis) mysteriosus Perepechaenko, 2004 , described from two males from Zabaykal'skiy Territory of Russia and separated in the new subgenus mainly on the basis of mandible structure ( Perepechaenko, 2004). The differences between these species are shown in the following key:

1. Eyes less strongly convergent below and without setae ( Fig. 11 ). Face distinctly transverse ( Fig. 11 ). Antennal segments in basal third distinctly widened, transverse ( Fig. 15 ). Mesosoma 1.6 × longer than high ( Fig. 18 ). Dorsal tooth of metanotum (lateral view) short ( Fig. 18 ). Metapleuron without oval sculptured area. Hind coxa dorsally without tuft of setae. Radial vein (r) of fore wing arising almost from middle of pterostigma ( Fig. 21 )............................ P. pervushini sp. nov.

- Eyes strongly convergent below, with short and sparse setae. Face subsquare. Antennal segments in basal third distinctly narrow, elongate. Mesosoma about twice longer than high. Dorsal tooth of metanotum (lateral view) long. Metapleuron with large oval sculptured area. Hind coxa dorsally with more or less distinct tuft of setae. Radial vein (r) of fore wing arising distinctly before middle of pterostigma............................... Chorebus (Pentalexis) mysteriosus Perepechaenko, 2004

Figures

FIGURES 10 – 20. Protochorebus pervushini sp. nov. (10 – 12, 14 – 20, female, holotype; 13, male, paratype). 10. Habitus, dorsal view. 11. Head, front view. 12, 13. Head, dorsal view. 14, Mandible. 15. Basal segments of antenna. 16. Apical segments of antenna. 17. Mesosoma, dorsal view. 18. Mesosoma, lateral view. 19. Hind femur and tibia. 20. Ovipositor, lateral view.

FIGURES 21 – 23. Protochorebus pervushini sp. nov. (female, holotype). 21. Fore and hind wings. 22. Metasoma, dorsal view. 23. Metasoma, lateral view.

FIGURES 24 – 34. Protochorebus kasparyani Perepechaenko (female, holotype). 24. Mandible. 25. Habitus, dorsal view. 26. Head, front view. 27. Head, dorsal view. 28. Apical segments of antenna. 29. Basal segments of antenna. 30. Fore and hind wings. 31. Mesosoma, lateral view. 32. Mesosoma, dorsal view. 33. Metasoma, dorsal view. 34. Apex of metasoma and ovipositor, lateral view.