Psidium macahense O.Berg (1859: 605)

Tuler, Amélia Carlos, Carrijo, Tatiana Tavares, Sheu, Yumi, Ferreira, Marcia Flores Da Silva & Peixoto, Ariane Luna, 2019, Re-establishment of Psidium macahense (Myrtaceae, Myrteae), an endemic species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, Phytotaxa 397 (1), pp. 34-44 : 37-43

Psidium macahense O.Berg (1859: 605) . Type: — Habitat in campis arenosis prope Macahé, prov. Rio de Janeiro,

Riedel 340 ( LE 00006983 !, lectotype designated here; remaining syntypes: LE!, K!, F!, GH!, P!, NY!, U!, images)

( Figures 1C, 1D and 6 ).

Description:—Shrub 1–4 m tall, glabrous; twigs cylindrical. Leaves ovate, cordate or subcordate, 1.7–10 × 0.8–7 cm, acute or obtuse; base cordate or subcordate, rarely acute or obtuse; chartaceous or coriaceous, discolorous, lighter adaxially; midvein sulcate above and prominent below; lateral veins 6–12, brochidodromous; petiole 0.5–4 mm long. Flowers solitary, in a terminal raceme or on an auxotelic axis that produces vegetative shoots with adult leaves after anthesis, peduncles 0.2–0.6 mm, pedicels 3–13 mm; floral buds pyriform, 2–5 mm long, calyx with lobes partially fused, tearing into four regular lobes; the lobes 1–3 × 0.8–3 mm, rounded, erect in bud, glabrous; bracts ovate 0.5–2 × 0.4–1 mm; bracteoles deltoid, 0.5–2 mm long; petals 4, obovate, 2–4 mm long; ovary (3) 2–locular. Fruit elliptic or rounded, 7–15 × 2.6–11 mm; glabrous; seeds 8 to 12, 2.5–3 × 2–3 mm, rounded.

Phenology: — Collected in flower mainly from June to March and in fruit from November to August.

Habitat and distribution:— Psidium macahense is known from restinga, semideciduous seasonal forest and rock-outcrop vegetation in the states of Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro. On the other hand, we suggest that Psidium brownianum is restricted to biomes with dry forests enclaves, such the Caatinga, Cerrado and the Atlantic Forest, in the states of Alagoas, Bahia and Pernambuco.

Specimens examined of Psidium macahense :— BRAZIL. Espírito Santo: Águia Branca, comunidade São Pedro , January 2008, Souza , M. C., 614 ( MBML!) ; Aracruz, Comboios , January 1992, Pereira , O. J., 2491 ( VIES!) ; July 1992, Pereira , O. J,. 3597 ( VIES!) ; September 1994, Simonelli, M., 76 ( VIES!) ; Aracruz, Barra do Sahy , November 1992, Pereira , O. J., 2645 ( VIES!) ; May 1990, Vinha, P. C., 1018 ( RB!, VIES!) ; Aracruz, Retiro , March 1992, Pereira , O. J., 3314 ( VIES!) ; Colatina, Moacir, Pedra do Cruzeiro , April 2006, Magnago, L. F. S., 793 ( MBML!) ; Conceição da Barra , s.d. Farney, C., 4570 ( RB!) ; March 2007, Farney, C., 4578 ( RB!) ; March 1992, Pereira , O. J., 3119 ( VIES!) ; March 1992, Pereira , O. J., 3123 ( VIES) ; October 1992, Pereira , O. J., 3936 ( VIES!, RB!) ; November 1992, Pereira , O. J., 4060 ( VIES!) ; November 1992, Pereira , O. J., 4122 ( VIES!) ; December 1992, Pereira , O. J., 4287 ( VIES!) ; December 1992, Pereira , O. J., 4472 ( VIES!) ; August 1993, Pereira , O. J., 4831 ( VIES!) ; Pereira , O.J., 4854 (VIES!); December 1992, Pereira , O. J., 4975 ( VIES!) ; Parque Estadual de Itaúnas , January 2012, Giaretta, A., 1206 ( RB!, VIES!) ; October 2012, Giaretta, A., 1336 ( RB!) ; December 2008, Monteiro, M. S., 127 ( RB!) ; February 2011, Monteiro, M. S., 211 ( RB!) ; April 2000, Pereira , O. J., 6170 ( VIES!) ; April 2000, Pereira , O. J., 6177 ( VIES!) ; January 2014, Tuler, A. C., 504 ( RB!) ; Guarapari, Setiba, Parque Estadual Paulo Cézar Vinha, C., s.d., Assis, A.M., 479 (VIES!); May 1998, Assis, A. M., 492 ( VIES!) ; June 1986, Milanezi, M. A., 21 ( VIES!) ; October 1987, Pereira , O. J., 1323 ( VIES!) ; November 1987, Pereira , O. J., 1354 ( VIES!) ; September 1988, Pereira , O. J., 1792 ( VIES!) ; April 1988, Pereira , O. J., 2504 ( VIES!) ; December 1994, Pereira , O. J., 5334 ( VIES!) ; December 1994, Pereira , O. J., 5351 ( VIES!) ; October 1990, Gomes, J. M. L., 1365 ( VIES!, RB!) ; August 1987, Pereira , O. J., 935 ( VIES!) ; Itapemirim, Itaoca , August 1990, Gomes, J. M. L., 1224 ( VIES!) ; May 1990, Vinha, P. C., 905 ( VIES!) ; Região do Gomes , October 2000, Hatschbach, G., 71567 ( MBML!) ; Linhares , December 2009, Colletta, G.D., 253 ( CVRD!) ; March 2008, Paciência, M. B., 2302 ( CVRD!) ; April 2006, Paciência, M. B., 2323 ( CVRD!) ; Linhares, Pontal do Ipiranga , January 1996, Assis, A. M., 57 ( VIES!) ; January 1996, Assis, A. M., 59 ( VIES!) ; April 1996, Assis, A. M., 137 ( VIES!) ; October 1996, Dutra , R. L., 170 ( VIES!) ; June 1996, Souza , R. L.D., 1 ( VIES!) ; Reserva Vale, Linhares , October 1995, Pereira , O. J., 5527 ( VIES!) ; March 2012, Faria, J. E. Q., 2498 ( CVRD!) ; March 2012, Faria, J. E. Q., 2519 ( CVRD!) ; March 2012, Faria, J. E. Q., 2521 ( CVRD!) ; March 2012, Faria, J. E. Q., 2523 ( CVRD!) ; March 2012, Faria, J. E. Q., 2535 ( CVRD!) ; Linhares, Degredo , March 2007, Farney, C., 4633 ( RB!) ; Linhares , April 2006, Ferreira-Pinho, M. A., 610 ( CVRD!) ; April 2006, Ferreira-Pinho, M. A., 619 ( CVRD!) ; September 2011, Giaretta, A., 999 ( RB!) ; Reserva Vale , April 1986, Folli, D. A., 587 ( CVRD!, BHCB!) ; August 1988, Folli, D. A., 782 ( CVRD!, RB!) ; November 2002, Folli, D. A., 4394 ( CVRD!) ; November 2008, Folli, D. A., 6244 ( CVRD!) ; Nov 1997, Folli, D. A., 3079 ; November 2002, Folli, D. A., 4394 ( CVRD!) ; Linhares, Regência , April 1989, Folli, D. A., 905 ( VIES!, RB!, CVRD!) ; November 2011, Lucas, E., 863 ( CVRD!) ; October 2014, Tuler, A. C., 455 ( RB!) ; October 2013, Tuler, A. C., 457 ( RB!) ; March 1986, Sobral, M., 1350 ( CVRD) ; January 1988, Sobral, M., 4005 ( CVRD!) ; Linhares, Lagoa de Cacimba , May 1991, Gomes, J. M. L., 1542 ( VIES!) ; August 1991, Souza , V.D., 168 ( CVRD!, BHCB!) ; January 1972, Sucre, D., 8295 ( RB!) ; February 1972, Sucre, D., 8446 ( RB!) ; Linhares, Reserva Biológica de Comboios , March 1987, Pereira , O. J., 802 ( VIES!) ; December 1994, Junior, W., 115 ( VIES!) ; Linhares, Fazenda Gloria , December 1996, Pereira , O. J., 5915 ( VIES!) ; Nova Venécia, Área de proteção Ambiental da Pedra do Elefante , January 2009, Fontana , A. P., 5765 ( RB!) ; January 2009, Fontana , A. P., 5766 ( RB!) ; May 2008, Goldenberg, R., 1144 ( RB!, CEPEC!) ; Serra de Baixo, Pedra da Torre, Área de proteção Ambiental da Pedra do Elefante , February 2008, Forzza, R. C., 5091 ( RB! CEPEC!) ; February, 2008, Kollmann, L., 10690 (RB!); Presidente Kennedy, Praia das Neves , February, 1996, Fraga , C. N., 291 ( MBML!) ; August 1990, Gomes, J. M. L., 132 1 ( VIES!) ; São Mateus, Barra Nova , June 2007, Menezes, L. F. T., 1578 ( RB!) ; São Mateus , September 1996, Canal, A., 141 ( VIES!) ; May 2007, Giaretta, A., 59 ( RB!) ; March 2008, Giaretta, A., 226 ( RB!) ; March 2008, Giaretta, A., 229 ( RB!) ; March 2012, Giaretta, A., 401 ( RB!) ; Bairro Liberdade , March 2007, Farney, C., 4599 ( RB!) ; São Mateus, Guriri , March 2007, Farney, C., 4587 ( RB!) ; February 2012, Giaretta, A., 1230 ( RB!) ; June 2012, Giaretta, A., 1259 ( RB!) ; October 2012, Giaretta, A., 1314 ( RB!) ; October 2007, Martins, R. F. A., 95 ( RB!) ; November 2011, Martins, R. F. A., 126 ( RB!) ; March 2008, Martins, R. F. A., 179 ( RB!) ; February 1991, Thomaz, L.D., 718 ( VIES!, RB!) ; June 2006, Souza , M. C., 340 ( CVRD!) ; November 2006, Teotonio, F. C., 17 ( RB!) ; São Mateus, Pedra da água, June 2012, Giaretta, A., 1278 ( RB!) ; Serra, Nova Almeida, Sitio São José , January 2000, Rodrigues, I.D., 5 ( VIES!) ; October 1999, Rodrigues, I.D., 150 ( VIES!) ; December 1999, Rodrigues, I.D., 195 ( VIES!) ; December 1999, Rodrigues, I.D., 204 ( VIES!) ; Vila Velha, Barra do Jucu , September 1983, Weinberg, B., 384 ( MBML!) ; Morada do Sol , January 2007, Souza , P. F., 192 ( MBML!) ; Reserva Biológica de Jacaranema, October 1997, Espírito Santo, Reserva Biológica de Jacaranema , October 1997, Dutra , R. L., 284 ( VIES!) ; Espírito Santo, Reserva Biológica de Jacaranema , October 1997, Dutra , R. L., 293 ( VIES!) ; September 1983, Weinberg, B., 939 ( MBML!) ; Restinga de Interlagos , July 1995, Zambom, O., 178 ( VIES!) ; March 1996, Zambom, O., 253 ( VIES!) ; June 1996, Zambom, O., 289 ( VIES!) ; Vitória, Reserva Ecológica de Camburi , November 1997, Assis, A. M., 274 ( VIES!) ; December 1997, Assis, A. M., 322 ( VIES!) ; June 1988, Pereira , O. J., 1550 ( VIES!) ; May 1989, Pereira , O. J., 2009 ( VIES!) ; June 1989, Pereira , O. J., 2008 ( VIES!) ; October 1984, Weinberg, B., 668 ( MBML!, VIES!) ; Oct 1984, Weinberg, B., 719 ( MBML!) ; October 1984. Weinberg, B., 720 ( MBML!) ; June 1990, Vinha, P. C., 1042 ( RB!, VIES!) ; Parque Nacional da Fonte Grande , December 2002, Pereira , O. J., 7067 ( VIES!) ; Rio de Janeiro: Macaé , restinga de Carapebus, December 1990, Asovze, X., 3301 ( R!) ; Rio de Janeiro, Riedel 340 ( K! LE! K! F! GH! P! NY! U!) ; Rio de Janeiro, estrada Campos-Macaé , April 1972, D. Sucre 9017 ( RB!) .

Specimens examined of Psidium brownianum :— BRAZIL. Alagoas: Arapiraca , June 1981, Andrade-Lima, R. P., 33 ( RB!) ; Coruripe , April 2012, Staggemeier, V. G., 801 ( RB!) ; Bahia: Abaíra , December 1991, Harley, R. M., 50439 ( RB!) ; December 1991, Harley, R. M., 50552 ( RB!) ; March 1992, Nic Lughadha, E., 53363 ( RB!) ; Abaíra: Garimpo do Engenho, February 1992, Stannard, B., 51615 ( RB!) Belmonte , August 2003, Guedes, M. L., 10695 ( CEPEC!) ; Boa Nova , January 2013, Aona, L. Y. S., 1837 ( RB!) ; Aona, L. Y. S., 2017 ( HURB!, RB!) ; Aona, L. Y. S., 2022 ( HURB!, RB!) ; August 2013, Aona, L. Y. S., 3032 ( RB!) ; Caetité , May 2008, Guedes, M. L., 14491 ( CEPEC!) ; Cachoeira, Barragem de Bananeiras, June 1980, Grupo Pedra do Cavalo 217 ( ALCB!) ; Ipirá, Pau-ferro , January 2014, Guedes, M. L., 21192 ( ALCB!) ; Lençóis , June 1997, Guedes, M. L., 5217 ( CEPEC!) ; December 2007, Guedes, M. L., 14256 ( CEPEC!) ; February 1997, Harley, R. M., 5885 ( CEPEC!) ; Bahia, Licínio de Almeida, Xaxá , January 2017, Tuler, A. C., 607 ( RB!) ; January 2017, Tuler, A. C., 608 ( RB!) ; Licínio de Almeida, Lagoa Veredas , January 2017, Tuler, A. C., 624 ( RB!) ; Maracás , estrada de Contendas do Sincorá, March 1988, Ginzbarg, S., 850 ( CEPEC!) ; Morro do Chapéu , February 1990, Carvalho, A. M., 2832 ( CEPEC!, RB!) ; May 1999, França, F., 2832 ( HUEFS!) ; s.d. Giulietti, A. M., 2291 ( ALCB!) ; October 2003, Guedes, M. L., 10715 ( CEPEC!) ; Guedes, M. L., 11762 ( CEPEC!) ; 2012, Guedes, M. L., 21234 ( ALCB!) ; March 2016, Guedes, M. L., 24446 ( ALCB!) ; March 1977, Harley, R. M., 19336 ( RB!) ; February 2013, Stadnik, A., 125 ( ALCB!) ; Stadnik, A., 134 ( ALCB!) ; February 2013, Stadnik, A., 138 ( ALCB!) ; February 2013, Stadnik, A., 140 ( ALCB!) ; March 1996, Woodgyer, E., 2396 ( ALCB!) ; Palmeiras , February 1996, Giulietti, A. M., 1533 ( CEPEC!) ; March 1997, Nic Lughadha, E., 5992 ( RB!) ; Palmeiras, Chapadinha , December 1994, Guedes, M. L., 1451 ( CEPEC!) ; December 1994, Guedes, M. L., 1456 ( CEPEC!) ; April 1995, Pereira , A., 1905 ( CEPEC!) ; Palmeiras, Morro do Pai Inácio , October 1994, Carvalho, A. M., 951 ( CEPEC!) ; Palmeiras, estrada para Pratinha , January 2008, Conceição, S. F., 539 ( HUEFS!, ALCB!) ; Paulo Afonso, Reserva Ecológica do Raso da Catarina , June 1982, Guedes, M. L., 448 ( ALCB!) ; Piemonte da Diamantina , 2011, Guedes, M. L., 19350 ( ALCB!) ; January 2013, Guedes, M. L., 20262 ( ALCB!) ; March 2013, Guedes, M. L., 20387 ( ALCB!) ; 2012, Guedes, M. L., 20391 ( ALCB!) ; 2012, Guedes, M. L., 20504 ( ALCB!) ; Seabra, Chapada Diamantina , August 1996, Araújo, F. S., 1262 ( UEC!) ; Pernambuco: Floresta Reserva Biológica Serra Negra , May 1996, Rodal, M. J. N., 644 ( RB!) .

Figures

FIGURE 1. Distinctive morphological characteristics of Psidium brownianum and Psidium macahense. Closed floral buds, apiculate (A), calyx calyptrate (B) in P. brownianum. Open floral buds (C), calyx 4-lobed (D) in P. macahense.

FIGURE 6. Morphological features of Psidium macahense: Fruiting branch showing the auxotelic inflorescence and fruits with four lobes. Detail of open floral buds (illustrations by Raul Garcia).