Pterisanthes cissioides Blume (1825: 193)

Parnell, A. N., 2014, A taxonomic revision of Pterisanthes (Vitaceae) in Thailand and a new Thai record for Pterisanthes cissioides, Phytotaxa 159 (2), pp. 95-104 : 98-101

Pterisanthes cissioides Blume (1825: 193) [as cissioïdes].

Vitis cissioides (Blume) Backer (1911: 245) .

Lectotype (designated here):— INDONESIA. Java, Bogor, Blume s.n. ( L! (electronic image with barcode L0747475 ); isolectoype L! (electronic image with barcode L0715778 ) .

Vitis ptersiantha Miquel (1863: 94) . Holotype:— INDONESIA. Sumatra, Korthals s.n. (L! (electronic image with barcode L0715787); isotype L! (electronic image with barcode L0715788)).

Ptersianthes dalhousiae var. major Ridley (1922: 481) . Holotype:— MALAYSIA. Peninsular Malaysia, Perak, Hermitage , December 1887, Curtis 1289 (K!).

Pterisanthes trifoliata Merrill (1929: 182) . Lectotype (designated here):— MALAYSIA. Sabah, Tawao, Elphinstone Province, British North Borneo , October 1992 to March 1923, Elmer 20829 (UC!; holotype PNH likely lost; isolectotypes K!, L! (electronic image with barcode L0013712)).

Tendrils branching from the inflorescence peduncle, mostly simple, 10–15 cm long, slender, glabrous. Leaves compound, trifoliate or 5-pedate; petiole 3–10 cm long, glabrous; terminal leaflet leaf blade ovate to elliptical, 10– 19 × 4–8 cm, base attenuate, petiolule 2–3.5 cm long; lateral leaflet leaf blade ovate to elliptical, 10–14 × 3–5 cm, base obliquely rounded, petiolule 0.5–1.5 cm long; margin conspicuously dentate with teeth 0.5–1 mm long at the end of the secondary veins, apex acute to apiculate; adaxial side glabrous, abaxial arachnoid then becoming glabrescent; 5–6 main veins growing from the midrib on each side and numerous secondary veins. Inflorescence 10–13 × 3–7 cm, rectangular, brownish-green; peduncle to 26 cm × 1.5 mm, slightly hispid with minute hairs 0.1 mm long; lamellate flowers present; pedicellate flowers pedicel 1.5–2.5 cm long; Fruit reddish, 1–2 seeded, globose, 0.75 cm diameter. Fig. 2 .

Distribution. — Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia (Java, Kalimantan, Sumatra), Malaysia (Peninsula, Sabah), Thailand (Phangnga, Narathiwat ( Fig. 3 )).

Ecology. —Forest border, mixed forest, tropical rainforest, thickets. 50–1200 m elev. Flowering from January to February.

Specimens examined. — BRUNEI DARUSSALAM. Tutong District, Upstream from Belabau on Tutong river , 20 m, 28 March 1990, M.J.E. Coode et al. 6357 ( K) . INDONESIA. Java: Bogor, Blume s.n. ( L ( L0715776 )); Bogor, Blume s.n. ( L ( L0715778 )); Bogor, Blume s.n. ( L ( L0747475 ), ( L0715778 )) . Kalimantan: Wanariset , Plot Matthys , 1° S 117° E, 50 m, 15 May 1990, van Balgooy & P. Kessler 5959 ( K); Serawai. Desa Jelundung , 0° 29’ 43.5’’ S 112° 32’ 3.1’’ E, 120 m, 2 October 1995, Church, Ismail, Ruskandi 2187 ( K); Ketapang. Gunung Palung National Park , Cabang Panti Research Site, 1° 13’ S 110° 6’ E, 20 m, 24 October 1996, Laman, Rachman, Mirmanto TL112 ( K) . Sumatra: Korthals s.n. ( L ( L0715787 ), ( L0715788 )). MALAYSIA. East Malaysia: Sabah, Tawao, Elphinstone Province, British North Borneo , October 1992 to March 1923, Elmer 20829 ( K, L, UC) ; Sabah, Mount Kinabalu , Tenompok , 1500 m, 20 February 1932, J. & S. Clemens 26042 ( K). Peninsular Malaysia: Pahang, Sg. Serunai , 17 October 1931, Osman 28218 ( K) ; Perak, Hermitage , December 1887, Curtis 1289 ( K) ; Perak, July 1885, King’s Collector 7914 ( K) . THAILAND. Narathiwat: Bala-Hala, Waeng , 24 January 1998, Puudjaa 459 ( BKF) . Phangnga: Sra Nang Manora Forest Park , Muang, 60 m, 23 February 2001, Chayamarit, Pooma, Chamchumroon 2658 ( BKF) .

Nomenclature notes. —In 1825 Blume described the genus Pterisanthes based on a specimen collected in Java, which he named P. cissioides (at the time P. cissioïdes). We have selected here the lectotype for P. cissioides from a specimen found in L with a label written in Blume’s handwriting (Van Welzen pers. comm.). Even though it is quite likely that this specimen is the holotype, we are not completely certain since there are several specimens of P. cissioides in L with Blume’s handwriting; therefore, we have selected the most representative specimen with the species name in Blume’s handwriting as the lectotype (barcode L0747475).

In 1863, Miquel described the species Vitis pterisantha from a specimen collected by Korthals in Sumatra; this has later been recognised as a synonym of P. cissioides. The holotype of this specimen was also thought to be held in L. Two duplicates from Korthals’ collections with the species name written on the label were found; one of the duplicates was sent to the herbarium in Groningen (Van Welzen pers. comm.) but after its closure, the specimen was returned to L. For this reason, the specimen that was kept in L is most likely to have been used as the holotype. Ridley (1922) described the variety P. dalhousiae var. major from a specimen collected by Curtis in Hermitage Hill, Perak (Peninsular Malaysia). A specimen with these characteristics was located in the K herbarium and it is considered to be the holotype as no other duplicates have been found. Latiff (1982) suggested this variety should be a synonym of P. cissioides and we are in agreement. However, he indicated the wrong type specimen; which was also collected by Curtis, but in a different locality (Peninsular Malaysia, Penang, West Hill) and it was identified by Latiff himself as the morphologically distinct P. dalhousiae.

The synonym P. trifoliata was described by Merrill (1929) from a specimen collected by Elmer in Sabah. It is known that the top set of Elmer’s collections was generally stored in PNH ( Van Steenis-Kruseman 1950), but as Manila was almost completely destroyed in 1945 during World War II, it is quite likely that the holotype was lost. However, we have found three isotypes in different herbaria; only one of them has an inflorescence present, and this has been selected as the lectotype.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Pterisanthes cissioides Blume. Flowering Stem. From Puudjaa 459 (BKF). Drawing by A. Teerawatananon.

FIGURE 3. Distribution map of P.cissioides based on specimen data.