Stamnodes penguinifera ( Dyar, 1910 )

Matson, Tanner A., 2023, A review of Mexican Stamnodes (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) with the description of 16 new species, European Journal of Taxonomy 911, pp. 1-79 : 9-10

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2023.911.2371
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DB29E6F1-7925-46DB-8C9E-055C639203CE
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376700
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CEA053-344F-7848-FD80-B56BA805FE1A
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Stamnodes penguinifera ( Dyar, 1910 )
status

Treatment

Stamnodes penguinifera ( Dyar, 1910) View in CoL

Figs 3 View Figs 1–10 , 43 View Figs 41–43 , 62 View Figs 61–63 , 94–95 View Fig View Fig

Coenocalpe penguinifera Dyar, 1910: 261 View in CoL . Type locality: Zacualpan; Cuernavaca, Mexico. [USNM].

Stamnodes penguinifera View in CoL – Scoble 1999: 902 (catalogue). — Scoble & Hausmann 2007 (online catalogue). — Rajaei et al. 2022 (online catalogue).

Diagnostic remarks

Stamnodes penguinifera is less strongly marked and with a lighter orange ground colour than S. favilla sp. nov. and S. aumatlapalli sp. nov. The hindwing underside is markedly different from that of aforementioned taxa and can be easily identified by the straight, thick, transverse, medial, white band that angles basad toward the inner margin (see left arrow, Fig. 3b View Figs 1–10 ). Stamnodes penguinifera appears to have a large Y-shaped mark in the center of the hindwing underside ( Fig. 3b View Figs 1–10 ) that is absent in S. aumatlapalli ( Fig. 1b View Figs 1–10 ) and S. favilla ( Fig. 7b View Figs 1–10 ). This species also lacks the dark red perimeter that surrounds the white patterning of the forewing underside apex and hindwing underside of S. favilla .

The number, shape, and orientation of cornuti on the vesica may also separate S. penguinifera from visually similar Stamnodes . The vesica of S. penguinifera has dozens of cornuti in a dense cluster ( Fig. 43b View Figs 41–43 ), while S. aumatlapalli sp. nov. bears an echinate field of several dozen small cornuti ( Fig. 41b View Figs 41–43 ), and S. favilla sp. nov. ( Fig. 46b View Figs 44–46 ) has a dense cluster of approximately nine cornuti of varying size that are much larger and more heavily sclerotized than those of S. aumatlapalli . The female genitalia of S. favilla and S. aumatlapalli are very much like S. penguinifera in size, shape, and signum attributes; however, examined material of S. penguinifera lacks an asymmetric lateral sclerotization of the corpus bursae found in the other two species.

Redescription

Dyar’s original description of S. penguinifera did not describe genitalic morphology. To his description, the following genitalic redescription and associated images are supplemented:

MALE GENITALIA ( Fig. 43 View Figs 41–43 ). Uncus long, slender, and tapering. Subscaphium well developed. Juxta wide and broadly U-shaped with posterolateral, long, curved, acuminate-conical processes. Inner surface of valva with two hair tufts: smaller tuft arising basally from digitate tubercle; second, larger, more laterally widened tuft residing in slight depression and extending to subapical area of valva. Costal sclerite terminating just short of apex. Vesica bearing dozens of spinose cornuti in dense cluster.

FEMALE GENITALIA ( Fig. 62 View Figs 61–63 ). Ovipositor short. Anterior apophysis two-thirds length of posterior apophysis. Ductus bursae short and narrow with prominent sclerite flattened on ventral surface and dorsolaterally rolled toward median. Corpus bursae ovoid (very much like that of S. favilla sp. nov. and S. aumatlapalli sp. nov. but without the posterolateral sclerotization of corpus bursae) with circular and depressed signum bearing minute papillae; signum situated at anterior third of corpus bursae.

Distribution

Mexico: Stamnodes penguinifera is known from the type locality in Morelos, the Sierra Madre del Sur pine-oak forests in Guerrero, and the highlands of Chiapas where it is the only Stamnodes known to range across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec.

Biology

Adult S. penguinifera may be bi- or multivoltine as adult collections span May through September. The immature stages remain unknown but are predicted to be hosted by mints ( Lamiaceae ).

Molecular characterization

The only COI sequence of S. penguinifera is a partial read of 325 bp. It has not been given a BOLD BIN number, nor is it incorporated into BOLD’s nearest neighbour details. However, in my analysis ( Fig. 94 View Fig ), its nearest adjacent interspecific neighbour is S. aumatlapalli sp. nov.