Symplocos speciosa Hemsley (1881: 302)

Kelly, Lawrence M., Almeda, Frank & Fritsch, Peter W., 2016, A taxonomic revision of Mexican and Central American Symplocos (Symplocaceae), Phytotaxa 264 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

28. Symplocos speciosa Hemsley (1881: 302) . Lectotype (designated here):— MEXICO. Oaxaca: Pine-woods in the Cordillera of Oaxaca, 6000–7000 ft, November– April 1840, H. G. Galeotti 1682 (lectotype G-359173-n.v., online image!, isolectotypes BR-836917-n.v., online image!, G-359172-n.v., online image!, F-871617!, P-761308-n.v., digital image!, P-761309-n.v., online image!, W-21980-n.v., digital image!)

Shrubs or trees 3–8(–12) m tall; juvenile branchlets and vegetative buds sparsely to moderately sericeous, trichomes 0.2–0.3 mm long, whitish. Petioles 6–10 mm long; leaf blades concolorous or occasionally bicolorous, usually yellowish green or occasionally green or dark green, elliptic, 5.5–10 × 2.5–3.5(–4) cm, subcoriaceous to

A TAXONOMIC REVISION OF SYMPLOCOS

Phytotaxa 264 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press • 89 coriaceous, abaxially glabrous or sparsely appressed-pilose, occasionally moderately pilose, then densely so along midvein (in Oaxaca), adaxially glabrous, secondary veins not adaxially impressed, base acute, margins entire or occasionally undulate-subcrenulate or rarely serrulate, rarely with minute, narrow, black deciduous glands on youngest leaves, apex acuminate. Inflorescences racemes 1.4–1.9 cm long, 3–5-flowered; peduncle 1–2 mm long; rachis 1–5 mm long, moderately to sparsely sericeous, trichomes 0.1–0.3 mm long; bracts caducous or persistent, ovate to triangular, 1.5–2 × 1.5–2 mm, sericeous, margins ciliate, eglandular or more commonly with medium-sized red glands; bracteoles caducous or persistent (as bracts), 3–6, ovate to triangular, 1.5–2 × 1–2 mm, sericeous, margins ciliate, eglandular or more commonly with medium sized red glands; pedicels 3–4 mm long. Hypanthium sericeous. Calyx lobes 5, broadly ovate, 1.5–2 × 1.2–1.5 mm, moderately sericeous, margins ciliate. Corolla pink, 5-lobed, 7–9 mm long; tube 4–5 mm; lobes adnate to filament tube for 6–9.5 mm, oblanceolate, glabrous. Stamens 3-seriate; filament tube 6–7 mm long; distinct portions of filaments 0.5–1.2 × ca. 0.5 mm. Disk densely pilose; style 6–7 mm long, pilose basally; stigma irregularly 3-lobed. Fruits green maturing to dark bluish purple, ellipsoid, 9–10 × 3–4 mm, sparsely strigillose, apex acute with calyx lobes forming a conical beak, fruit body curved continuously into calyx lobes; disk ± flat, covered by calyx lobes; endocarp 3-locular, perimeter rounded.

Vernacular name —Blanco jook ( Rivera R. 2888 [MEXU]).

Illustration — Figure 35 .

Photographic image — Figure 2b .

Phenology —Flowering (September) November through March; fruiting (February) March through July.

Distribution and habitat — Mexico (Puebla, Hidalgo, Veracruz, Guerrero, and Oaxaca), in cloud forest, Quercus forest, and Pinus forest at 830–2850 m elev. Figure 36 .

Conservation status —Restricted to southern Mexico from Hidalgo and Guerrero to Veracruz and Oaxaca, Symplocos speciosa is known from many localities in a broad elevational belt with good forest cover. It is one of the most commonly collected species in Mexico. Based on these data, we assign a classification of Least Concern (LC) to this species.

Discussion — Symplocos speciosa is one of the most commonly collected species of Symplocos in the states of Oaxaca, Veracruz, and Hidalgo, Mexico. It is recognized by the combination of relatively small, elliptic, entire-margined leaves, 3–5-flowered inflorescences with pedicels 3–4 mm long, flowers with sericeous sepals and glabrous petals, and small, ellipsoid fruits.

Considerable morphological heterogeneity exists in Symplocos speciosa , reflected in the fact that the species falls out three times in the key. In all plants from Hidalgo, Puebla, and Veracruz, the bracteoles are persistent. These plants also have a strigillose leaf midvein abaxially and fasciculate inflorescences, their leaves are concolorous, tending to green or occasionally yellowish green, their bracteoles are usually eglandular (except at the tip), and elevations range from 830–2500 m. In all plants from Oaxaca and Guerrero, the bracteoles are caducous and exhibit two centers of morphological variation. At higher elevations (ca. 2300–2850 m), plants have leaves that are more or less concolorous (green to yellowish green) and typically densely pilose on the midvein abaxially, and also have fasciculate inflorescences, bracteoles that are densely glandular on the margin, and corollas that are 6–10 mm long. Examples of this group are the collections D. E. Breedlove 61934, 64649, and 65992, and R. Cedillo T. 1268 and 1869. At lower elevations (1250–1950 m), plants have leaves that are typically bicolorous (brown or brownish green) and strigillose on the midvein abaxially, and also have more elongated inflorescences, bracteoles that are sparsely glandular or eglandular on the margins (except for an apical gland), and corollas that are 6–7 mm long. The specimens in this group are known only from Oaxaca: J. H. Beaman 5422 and 6229, B. Boyle 666 and 2531, B. Boyle & A. Boyle 3779, F. M. Liebmann 593 p. p., R. López L. & G. Martin 654, M. Nee & G. Martin 32252, R. Ortega O. et al. 4057, and L. Woodruff et al. 206.

Although morphological variation within Symplocos speciosa is thus extensive, the existence of overlapping characters precludes the recognition of formal taxonomic entities. The D. E. Breedlove 61934 collection (the only collection of S. speciosa known to us from Guerrero) differs from the others in its strigillose leaf midvein abaxially and in this respect resembles the specimens of S. speciosa from Hidalgo, Puebla, and Veracruz. Two specimens in Oaxaca (B. Boyle 2531 and B. Boyle & A. Boyle 3779) with elevations that are intermediate between those of the high- and low-elevation groups there (1950 and 2700 m, respectively) are also morphologically intermediate—they have the characters of the lower elevation group, except that they possess concolorous, greenish leaves that are pilose on the midvein abaxially.

90 • Phytotaxa 264 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press

KELLY ET AL.

A TAXONOMIC REVISION OF SYMPLOCOS

Phytotaxa 264 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press • 91

Variation in bracteole persistence is not common within Symplocos species, and is not known to occur to any large degree in any other species from Mexico or Central America. In contrast, the same pilose versus strigillose leaf midvein variation that occurs within S. speciosa is found in the presumably close relative S. breedlovei . A DNA sequence study to assess the taxonomic value of bracteole persistence and the other variable characters in S. speciosa more deeply would seem warranted.

In the protologue of Symplocos speciosa, Hemsley cited a single collection, H. G. Galeotti 1682. Two sheets of this collection were housed at K; both of these have been lost and are preserved only as photographs at K and NY. Of the many duplicates of this collection, we have designated the specimen G-359173 as the lectotype because it has many branchlets and good-quality flowers.

Plants that were annotated by us prior to 2008 as Symplocos pycnantha should be referred to S. speciosa .

Additional specimens examined — MEXICO. Guerrero: W slope of Cerro Teotepec near Puerto El Gallo , 2290 m, [17°29′09″N, 100°12′14″W], 20 October 1984, Breedlove 61934 ( CAS!) . Hidalgo: Zacualtipán, manantial Cerro Blanco, ejido Tizapán , 1800 m, [20°39′04″N, 98°35′54″W], 20 October 1998, Bonifacio V. K 3 ( MEXU!) ; Zacualtipán, Alrededores de Zacualtipán , [20°38′48″N, 98°39′03″W], 2 February 1964, González Q. s.n. ( MEXU!) ; Tenango de Doria, 6 km al E de Tenango de Doria, hacia al Cirio , 1700–1800 m, [20°19′32″N, 98°11′57″W], 19 February 1981, Hernández M. et al. 5453 (MEXU!, US!) ; Tianguistengo , 5 km al O de Tianguistengo, 2000 m, [20°42′31″N, 98°39′42″W], 21 December 1981, Hernández M. et al. 6907 (CAS!, MEXU- 2!, MO!) ; Mpio. Zacualtipán, La Mohonera, ca. 2 km S of Zacualtipán along Pachuca–Zacualtipán Hwy (#105), 2066 m, 20°37′45.8″N, 98°37′26.9″W, 24 January 2003, Kelly et al. 1380 (CAS!, MEXU!, NY!) ; Zacualtipán, Paraje El Hayal, ejido La Mojonera al SE del Mpio. Zacualtipán , 1850 m, [20°37′33″N, 98°37′20″W], 5 July 1992, López G. 108 ( MEXU!) ; Zacualtipán, Paraje El Hayal, ejido La Mojonera , 5 km al SE de Zacualtipán, 1850 m, 19 July 1992, López G. 246 ( MEXU!) ; Zacualtipán, Paraje El Hayal, ejido La Mojonera al SE del Mpio. Zacualtipán ,

92 • Phytotaxa 264 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press

KELLY ET AL.

1850 m, 28 December 1992, López G. 424 ( MEXU!); Zacualtipán , Paraje Cumbre de Muridores, ejido Atopixco, 2 km al NE de Zacualtipán , 1928 m, [20°36′03″N, 98°36′38″W], 20 May 1995, Ramos N. 4 ( MEXU!); Mpio. Tlanchinol , 4 km al NE de Tlanchinol , carretera a Huejutla, 1550 m, [21°01′22″N, 98°38′43″W], 18 January 1975, Rzedowski 32685 ( MEXU!); Zacualtipán , near Chapatla below Alumbres near Zacualtipán , 6000 ft, [20°38′48″N, 98°39′03″W], 21 March 1946, Sharp 46216 (GH!, MO!, NY!). Oaxaca : Dist. Villa Alta , 0.6 km NE de entronque Juquila– Talea , Tarántulas , hacia Talea , Mpio. San Juan Juquila Vijanos, Sierra Norte , 1990 m, [17°22′08″N, 96°16′38″W], 12 December 1997, Blanco Macías 407 ( MEXU!); Mpio. Comaltepec , Dist. Ixtlán , flat area below trail to Rancho Tarabundi, trail leaves Hwy 175 ca. 1 km above Vista Hermosa , on ridge above (N of) Río La Trucha , Caribbean slope , 1255 m, 17°35′N, 96°21′W, 19 November 1991, Boyle & Boyle 666 (CAS-2!); Mpio. Comaltepec, trail from Hwy 175 to Federal Electricity Commission Camp above Río Soyolapan , E face of Cerro Relampago , 1950 m, 17°35′00″N, 19°24′30″W [17°35′00″N, 96°24′30″W], 12 November 1993, Boyle 2531 (CAS!, MO!); Mpio. Ixtlán , 7.5 km NE of town of Ixtlán de Juárez , logging spur off rd that descends to La Luz and Yelareni, divide between Río Cajones and Río Soyolapan watersheds, 2700–2770 m, 17°23′06″N, 96°26′13″W, 20 October 1994, Boyle & Boyle 3779 (CAS!, MO!); 35 km N of Ayutla along rd from Mitla to Choapam, N slope of Cerro Zempoaltepetl , 2470 m, [17°10′42″N, 96°00′35″W], 26 September 1986, Breedlove & Almeda 64649 ( CAS!); 35 km N of Ayutla along rd from Mitla to Choapam, N slopes of Cerro Zempoaltepetl , 2470 m, 22 November 1986, Breedlove & Sigg 65992 ( CAS!); NNE slope of Cerro Humo Chico , 2440–2740 m, [17°34′24″N, 96°30′07″W], 29 October 1991, Breedlove & Mahoney 72347 ( CAS!); Dist. Miahautlán , San Jerónimo Coatlán, 5 km al NE del campamento madero “Cerro Sol” sobre la brecha a Progresso , 1450 m, 16°09′N, 97°18′W, [16°10′35″N, 97°01′20″W], 16 March 1989, Campos V.& Toriz A. 3010 ( MEXU!); Villa Alta , 28 km SW de Talea , 2850 m, [17°15′49″N, 96°21′52″W], 19 April 1982, Cedillo T. 1268 (CAS-2!, LL!, MO!); Dist. Ixtlán , 5 km al N de Cerro Humo Chico , carretera Ixtlán a Valle Nacional , [17°35′19″N, 96°29′35″W], 26 September 1982, Cedillo T. 1869 (CAS!, MEXU!, MO!); San Felipe Usila, 8.5 km en línea recta al S de Santa Cruz Tepetotutla , 2415 m, 17°39′44″N, 96°33′14″W, 20 November 1993, Gallardo H. et al. 803 ( MEXU!); San Felipe Usila , 8.5 km en línea recta al S de Santa Cruz Tepetotutla , 2425 m, 17°39′44″N, 96°33′14″W, 21 December 1993, Gallardo H. et al. 877 ( MEXU!); San Felipe Usila , 8 km en línea recta al S de Santa Cruz Tepetotutla , 2510 m, 17°29′56″N, 96°33′36″W, [17°39′56″N, 96°33′36″W], 27 February 1994, Gallardo H. et al. 938 ( MEXU!); San Felipe Usila , 8 km en línea recta al S de Santa Cruz Tepetotutla , 2510 m, 17°29′56″N, 96°33′36″W, 27 February 1994, Gallardo H. et al. 939 ( MEXU!); San Felipe Usila , Dist. Tuxtepec, 8.0 km en línea recta al S de Santa Cruz Tepetotutla , 2010 m, 17°40′08″N, 96°32′43″W, 31 October 1994, Gallardo H. & A. Gutiérrez 1224 ( MEXU!); N of Cacalotepec , 2040 m, 11 December 1940, Krueger & Gillespie 55 (GH!, MO!); Mpio. Comaltepec , Dist. Ixtlán: La Esperanza , 1600 m, 17°37′N, 96°21′W, 8 July 1990, López L. & Martin 654 ( CAS!); Km 15 de brecha 200, Macuiltianguis , 2350 m, 18 March 1980, Lucero 06 ( MEXU!); Dist. Mixe , Mpio. Tontepec , 3 km N of turnoff to Mixistlán on rd from Ayutla to Totontepec , 2500 m, 17°11′N, 96°04′W, 18 December 1985, Nee & Martin 32252 (CAS!, NY!); La Esperanza , Macuiltianguis , 2800 m, [17°37′43″N, 96°22′06″W], 2 April 1980, Pérez P. B73 ( MEXU!); Dist. Mixe , Mpio. Totontepec, rumbo Villa Alta, 16 km al O de Totontepec , 1860 m, [17°20′20″N, 96°09′09″W], 14 September 1986, Ramírez G. & P. Ramírez C. 522 (F!); Dist. Mixe, 10 km NE de la desviación a Totontepec , sobre la carretera Tamazulapán – Zacatepec, [17°11′35″N, 96°00′22″W], 18 May 1982, Rico A. et al. 372 (CAS!, F!, MO!, NY!); San Felipe Usila, 10.8 km en línea recta al S de Santa Cruz Tepetotutla , 2660 m, 17°38′48″N, 96°31′26″W, 30 March 1994, Rincón G. et al. 310 ( MEXU!); San Felipe Usila , 7.6 km en línea recta al S de Santa Cruz Tepetotutla , 2240 m, 17°40′13″N, 96°33′28″W, 16 May 1994, Rincón G. & C. Gallardo H. 467 ( MEXU!); Dist. Mixe , Mpio. Totontepec Villa de Morelos, Tsiin jaa viam, tuk jovi, 8 October 1993, Rivera R. JR 2888 ( MEXU!); 39 km al S de Valle Nacional , sobre la carretera a Oaxaca, 1800 m, 26 December 1975, Rzedowski 33772 ( NY!); entre Llano Verde y Maravillas , cerca de San Andrés o Buenavista, a 27 km al NE de Calpulalpan de Méndez , 2400 m, [17°17′35″N, 96°18′22″W], 27 November 1977, Sousa S. et al. 8975 (CAS!, MEXU!); Mixe , 5.2 km al NE de la desviación a Zacatepec , 2380 m, [17°09′52″N, 96°02′36″W], 23 April 1983, Torres C. & Cedillo T. 2679 (CAS!, MO!); Mixistlán , 45 km al N de Ayutla , camino a Totontepec , [17°08′39″N, 96°06′28″W], 10 November 1983, Torres C. et al. 3997 ( MO!); ca. 40.8 mi N of Guelatao on Hwy 175 to Valle Nacional , 7.2 mi S of La Esperanza , along dirt rd on side of hwy (camino a San Isidro), 17°24′N, 96°30′W, [17°36′07″N, 96°25′04″W], 6 January 1989, Woodruff et al. 206 (F!, MO!, NY!, TEX!). Puebla : mtns. W of Huauchinango , [20°10′26″N, 98°07′10″W], 1 November 1943, Lundell 12634 ( US!). Veracruz: Mpio. Soteapan, Sierra de Santa Marta al N de Ocotal Grande , 1365 m, [18°20′55″N, 94°51′17″W], 7 January 1972, Beaman 5422 (F!, LL!, NY!); Mpio. Soteapan , Sierra de

A TAXONOMIC REVISION OF SYMPLOCOS

Phytotaxa 264 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press • 93 Santa Marta arriba de Ocotal Chico, 1500 m, [18°20′55″N, 94°51′17″W], 22 June 1972, Beaman 6229 (F!, NY!) ; Mpio. Banderilla , Rancho La Martinica, a 5 km al N de Banderilla, 1500 m, 19°35′N, 96°57′W, 4 April 1978, Calzada & Castillo 4339 (F!, MEXU!, MO!) ; Mpio. Acajete , Plan de Cedeño, desviación por la carretera Jalapa–Perote, 1800 m, 19°35′N, 97°01′W, [19°34′38″N, 96°59′57″W], 13 March 1979, Calzada & Castillo 5234 (F!, MEXU!) ; Mpio. Rafael Lucío , 4–5 km después de Piletas por la carretera Jalapa–Perote, 19°36′N, 97°00′W, 14 February 1979, Castillo C. & Castillo 455 (F!, MEXU!, MO!, XAL!) ; Mpio. Alto Lucero , Cerro de la Cima, entre La Sombra y Tierra Blanca, 1700 m, 19°46′N, 96°41′W, 10 April 1981 Castillo C. & Vázquez 1549 (F!) ; Mpio. San Andrés Tlalnehuayocan , Barranca del medio Pixquiac , entre Rancho Viejo y La Vega, 1650 m, [19°32′20″N, 97°00′28″W], 30 March 1988, Cházaro B. et al. 1988 ( MEXU!) ; Mpio. Chiconquiaco , cerros cerca de Buenavista, 2150 m, [19°43′38″N, 96°47′21″W], 30 December 1984, Cházaro B. & Robles 3273 ( MEXU!) ; Xico , Adelante del Ingenio del Rosario rumbo a Buenavista, [19°30′18″N, 97°05′04″W], 28 December 1986, Cházaro B. & Oliva 4304 (CAS!, MEXU!) ; Mpio. Coatepec , Abajo de Mesa de Los Laureles rumbo a Tierra Grande, 2400 m, [19°30′42″N, 97°04′03″W], 27 December 1987, Cházaro B. et al. 5277 ( MEXU!) ; Mpio. Tlanehuayocan , Barranca del medio Pixqquiac , entre Rancho Viejo y la Vega, 1650 m, [19°32′20″N, 97°00′28″W], 30 March 1988, Cházaro B. et al. 5403 ( NY!) ; Mpio. Rafael Lucío , just N of main Xalapa–Perote Hwy (Hwy 140); on rd to San Miguel, 1 km W of Piletas, 1700 m, 19°36′N, 96°58′W, 18 July 1982, Diggs & Nee 2855-e (F!, NY!) ; Mpio. Banderilla , Piletas, cerca de Banderilla, 1600 m, [19°35′16″N, 96°58′41″W], 11 January 1973, Hernández M. & Dorantes L. 1773 (F!, MEXU!, NY!) ; Mpio. Banderilla , Rancho La Mesa, 1450 m, 19°36′N, 96°57′W, 4 March 1978, Márquez R. 996 (F!) ; Mpio. Soteapan, N side of Volcán San Martín Pajapan , 7 km NW of Pajapan, 830–980 m, 18°18′45″N, 94°43′W, 15 July 1982, Nee et al. 25041 ( NY!) ; Mpio. Banderilla , Cerro La Martinica NW de Banderilla, 1600 m, [19°35′35″N, 96°56′44″W], 10 February 1976, Ortega O. & Castillo 154 (F!, MEXU!, MO!, NY!, XAL!) ; Mpio. Soteapan , Volcán de Santa Marta, 1720 m, 18°25′N, [18°20′55″N, 94°51′17″W], 20 December 1978, Ortega O. et al. 4057 (F!) ; Mpio. Banderilla , Rancho La Mesa a 1 km aprox. de Banderilla, 1600 m, 19°35′N, 96°58′W, 24 March 1990, Pérez G. & Mendizabal 300 ( MEXU!) ; Mpio. Banderilla , Rancho La Mesa a 1 km aprox. de Banderilla, 1600 m, 19°35′N, 96°58′W, 29 April 1990, Pérez G. & Mendizabal 301 ( MEXU!) ; 4 km al E de Acajete, sobre la carretera a Perote , 1800 m, [19°35′03″N, 96°59′21″W], 4 February 1974, Rzedowski 31704 ( MEXU!) ; Mpio. Jalacingo , Aqua Santa, cerca de Ocotepec, 1750 m, 29 December 1969, Ventura A. 297 ( DS!) ; Mpio. Jalacingo , Agua Cruz, 1450 m, [19°48′13″N, 97°18′28″W], 28 May 1970, Ventura A. 1175 (MEXU!, MO!) ; Acajete , Plan de Cedeño, 1780 m, [19°34′18″N, 97°00′02″W], 9 July 1971, Ventura A. 4664 ( MO!) ; Mpio. Jalacingo , Ocotepec, 1880 m, [19°48′30″N, 97°15′25″W], 5 January 1972, Ventura A. 4722 ( CAS!) ; Mpio. Jalacingo , Allende, 1775 m, [19°47′33″N, 97°15′35″W], 11 May 1972, Ventura A. 5344 ( CAS!) ; Mpio. Chiconquiaco , Guacamaya, 1900 m, [19°46′37″N, 96°47′35″W], 9 December 1972, Ventura A. 7580 ( CAS!) ; Mpio. Jalacingo , Allende, 1700 m, 12 December 1972, Ventura A. 7602 ( CAS!) ; Mpio. San Miguel del Soldado , Piletas, 1600 m, [19°35′16″N, 96°58′41″W], 30 April 1974, Ventura A. 9980 ( MEXU!) ; Mpio. Banderilla , Banderilla, 1500 m, [19°35′35″N, 96°56′44″W], 25 June 1974, Ventura A. 10204 (MEXU!, MO!) ; Mpio. Banderilla , Banderilla, 1450 m, 3 January 1975, Ventura A. 10736 (MEXU!, MO!) ; Mpio. Jalacingo , Ocotepec, 1700 m, 10 June 1975, Ventura A. 11407 ( MEXU!) ; Mpio. Chiconquiaco , Planta del Pie, 1900 m, [19°45′08″N, 96°47′23″W], 1 January 1976, Ventura A. 12275 ( MEXU!) ; Mpio. Acajete , Barranca de Plan de Cedeño, 1500 m, [19°34′18″N, 97°00′02″W], 30 January 1976, Ventura A. 12373 ( MEXU!) ; Mpio. Atzalan , La Florida , 1700 m, [19°47′55″N, 97°14′43″W], 2 March 1976, Ventura A. 12606 ( MEXU!) ; Mpio. Atzalan , La Florida , 1650 m, 16 June 1976, Ventura A. 12878 ( MEXU!) ; Jalacingo , Allende, 1700 m, [19°47′33″N, 97°15′35″W], 13 January 1977, Ventura A. 13764 (F!) ; Mpio. Jalancingo , Allende, 1700 m, 13 January 1977, Ventura A. 13766 ( MEXU!) ; Mpio. Atzalan , Estoteno, 1500 m, 13 April 1977, Ventura A. 13926 (MEXU!, MO!) ; Mpio. Atzalan , La Florida , 1650 m, 15 June 1977, Ventura A. 14114 ( MEXU!) ; Mpio. Banderilla , Banderilla, 1450 m, 5 July 1979, Ventura A. 16317 ( MEXU!) ; Salta Barranca , Zamora, 1450 m, [18°34′47″N, 95°28′59″W], 18 January 1980, Ventura A. 16759 ( MEXU!) ; Mpio. Acatlán , El Cerro, 1800 m, [19°40′51″N, 96°51′14″W], 21 January 1980, Ventura A. 16767 (MEXU!, MO!) ; Mpio. Banderilla , Banderilla, 1500 m, 24 January 1980, Ventura A. 16775 (MEXU!, MO!) ; Mpio. San Andrés Tlalnehuayocan , El Cerro, 1550 m, [19°33′40″N, 96°58′27″W], 7 July 1980, Ventura A. 17437 ( MEXU!) ; Mpio. Atzalan , La Florida , 1650 m, 39 May 1981, Ventura A. 18524 ( MEXU!) ; Mpio. Jalancingo , Ocotepec, 1750 m, 17 January 1982, Ventura A. 19296 ( MEXU!) ; Mpio. San Andrés Tlalnehuayocan , al E del Rancho Tejocotal, 1640 m, 19°39′N, 96°59′W, 24 November 1990, Zamora C. & Zamora 2737 ( MEXU!) ; Mpio. San Andrés Tlalnehuayocan , al NE de Tlalnehuayocan, 1700 m, 19°34′N, 96°59′W, 5 February 1991, Zamora C . &

94 • Phytotaxa 264 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press

KELLY ET AL.

Zamora 2858 (MEXU!). State unknown: without precise locality, Jocobepa, June 1942 [1842], Liebmann 593 p. p. (C!, F!).

Figures

FIGURE 2. Flowers and fruits of some species of Mexican and Central American Symplocos. a. S. serrulata. b. S. speciosa. c. S. striata. d. S. tribracteolata. e. S. austromexicana. f. S. citrea. g. S. pycnantha. h. S. coccinea. i. S. serrulata. j. S. hartwegii.

FIGURE 35. Symplocos speciosa. a. Branchlet with inflorescences. b. Adaxial leaf blade surface. c. Abaxial leaf blade surface. d. Inflorescence. e. Flower. f. Calyx (partly cut away), disk, and gynoecium. g. Corolla opened with attached stamens. h. Fruit. i. Fruit, cross section. (a–c drawn from D. E. Breedlove & D. Mahoney 72347, CAS; d–g drawn from M. Sousa S. et al. 8975, CAS; h, i drawn from R. Torres C. & R. Cedillo T. 2679, CAS.)

FIGURE 36. Geographic distribution of Symplocos speciosa and S. vatteri.