Hololepis pedunculata (DC. ex Persoon) Candolle (1810: 190

Loeuille, Benoît, Semir, João & Pirani, José R., 2019, A synopsis of Lychnophorinae (Asteraceae: Vernonieae), Phytotaxa 398 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

2. Hololepis pedunculata (DC. ex Persoon) Candolle (1810: 190 , t. 2). Serratula pedunculata DC. ex Persoon (1807: 391) . Haynea pedunculata (DC. ex Pers.) Sprengel (1826: 391) . Vernonia pedunculata (DC. ex Pers.) Candolle (1836: 16) . Type:— BRAZIL. No other data, [J. Velloso de Miranda s.n.] (holotype: G-DC e! [G00326683]) ( Fig. 20 A ). Vernonia involucrata Lessing (1829: 246) . Hololepis involucrata (Less.) Schultz-Bipontinus (1863: 380) . Type:— BRAZIL. No other data,

F. Sello(w) s.n. (lectotype: K e! [ K000485933 ], designated here; isolectotype: B †, BR e! [ BR0000005537389 ], K e! [ K000485934

(fragment)]). Proteopsis glauca Mart. ex Baker (1873: 20) , nom. nud. pro syn.

Distribution and habitat: — Brazil (Minas Gerais). Campo rupestre, gallery forest margins; 840–1900 m.

Taxonomic Notes: —A quite variable species. Easily recognized by its ovate subinvolucral bracts and stramineous pappus. Very similar to H. hatschbachii : see that species for a discussion of the differences.An earlier polynomial name (Cnicis foliis lato-lanceolatis, etc..) for Hololepis pedunculata is found in “Scriptis de plantis hispanicis, lusatinicis, brasiliensibus...” ( Vandelli, 1788); the text brought the information that the plant has been collected by “Vellozo” (i.e., Joaquim Velloso de Miranda according to Urban (1906)). The only specimen of Hololepis pedunculata at G-DC bears a label with Candolle’s handwriting but also a label written “n° 292 herbier du Brésil Vauthier 1833 Serra do Frio” – this label is probably irrelevant to the specimen.

Representative specimens: — BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Catas Altas, Serra do Caraça, first plateau in direction of the ascent of Inficcionado Peak , 4 April 2007, A. M . Teles et al. 370 ( BHCB); Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó , rodovia Belo Horizonte–Conceição do Mato Dentro , MG-010, sede do IBAMA do Alto do Palácio , 1300 m, 8 June 2002, J. R . Pirani et al. 5066 ( K, SPF, UEC); São Roque de Minas , P. N . da Serra da Canastra, nascente do rio São Francisco , 15 May 2007, B . Loeuille et al. 259 ( K, SPF) .

X. Lychnocephalus Mart. ex Candolle (1836: 83) . Type:— Lychnocephalus tomentosus Mart. ex DC.

( Fig. 20 B–F , 21 A ).

Treelets, sometimes candelabriform, rarely subshrubs to shrubs; stems poorly branched. Indumentum densely tomentose to lanate, composed of usually unbranched with side-arms and 3- to 5-armed trichomes, rarely stellate, Tshaped and inverted Y-shaped trichomes. Leaves alternate, sessile or petiolate, with semi-amplexicaul or amplexicaul sheath, blade coriaceous, discolorous, margin entire, flat to rarely revolute, venation eucamptodromous or sometimes parallelodromous or actinodromous. Inflorescence an axillary or terminal, pedunculate or sessile, solitary 2–3 syncephalia (third-order). Capitulum sessile. Involucre cylindrical or campanulate; phyllaries 2–4-seriate, weakly imbricate, persistent, pubescent; receptacle areolate to fimbrillate. Florets 4–15; corolla purple, rarely white, tube longer than limb; corolla lobes glabrous or pubescent; anthers calcarate; style lacking a basal node. Cypsela cylindrical or prismatic, glabrous; carpopodium inconspicuous; pappus bi- or rarely uniseriate, paleaceous, whitish to stramineous, outer series shorter than inner series, sometimes residual, persistent, inner series caducous, twisted, setae apices narrowed. Chromosome number: n = 19 ( L. mellobarretoi , L. sellowii , L. tomentosus ).

Taxonomic notes: —A genus of four species endemic of the central portion of the Espinhaço Range of mountains in Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. The presence of a syncephalium of third-order is the main diagnostic feature of the genus, mentioned by Candolle (1836) and here re-established based on strong phylogenetic evidence ( Loeuille et al. 2015b). Even though its species were formerly placed in Lychnophora , leaf characters (size, shape, margins not revolute) and the third-order syncephalium of Lychnocephalus sharply differ it from that genus.

Figures

FIGURE 20. Hololepis pedunculata. A.Head.Lychnocephalus sellowii. B. Inflorescence.C. Habit.L.humillimus. D.Habit.L.tomentosus. E. Habit. L. mellobarretoi. F. Inflorescence. A. by P.M. Gonella. B.–C., E.–F. by B. Loeuille. D. by W. Milliken.

FIGURE 21. Geographic distribution of A. Lychnocephalus and B. Lychnophora.