Zafrona sphaerocorrugata, Harzhauser & Landau, 2021

Harzhauser, Mathias & Landau, Bernard M., 2021, The Columbellidae (Gastropoda, Buccinoidea) in the Miocene Paratethys Sea — striking diversity of a negelected group, Zootaxa 5025 (1), pp. 1-75 : 46-47

Zafrona sphaerocorrugata nov. sp.

Figs 4O, 14D 1 –D 2 , E, F 1 –F 2

Columbella (Anachis) corrugata Bell. — Hoernes & Auinger 1880: 103, pl. 11, figs 12a–c, 13a–c, 14a–c[non Bellardi, 1848].

Columbella (Anachis) corrugata Bell. — Boettger 1902: 18 [non Bellardi, 1848].

Columbella (Anachis) corrugata Bell. — Boettger 1906: 18 [non Bellardi, 1848].

Columbella (Anachis) corrugata Bell. — Friedberg 1911: 41, pl. 2, fig. 7 [non Bellardi, 1848].

Anachis corrugata Bell. — Meznerics 1933: 341, pl. 14, figs 8a–b [non Bellardi, 1848].

Columbella corrugata Bell. — Friedberg 1938: 128 [non Bellardi, 1848].

A.[nachis]. (C [ostnachis].) corrugata Bell. — Sieber 1958a: 148 [non Bellardi, 1848].

Anachis (Costoanachis) corrugata Bell. — Sieber 1958b: 148 [non Bellardi, 1848].

Anachis corrugata Bellardi 1849 —Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 186, pl. 45, fig. 14 [non Bellardi, 1848].

Columbella (Anachia) [sic] terebralis corrugata Bellardi, 1849 — Strausz 1966: 296, text-fig. 133 [non Bellardi, 1848].

Anachis corrugata Bellardi — Zelinskaya 1968: 208, pl. 48, figs 19–20 [non Bellardi, 1848].

Anachis corrugata (Bellardi) — Atanacković 1969: 207, pl. 11, figs 7–7a [non Bellardi, 1848].

Anachis (Costoanachis) corrugata (Bellardi, 1849) — Atanacković 1985; 145, pl. 32, figs 15–16 [non Bellardi, 1848].

Type material. Holotype: NHMW1866 /0001/0814a, SL: 6.7 mm, MD: 3.3 mm, Niederleis ( Austria), Hoernes & Auinger (1880, pl. 11, figs 12a–c), Figs 14D 1 –D 2 . Paratypes: NHMW1866 /0001/0814b, SL: 7.3 mm, MD: 3.6 mm, Niederleis ( Austria), Hoernes &Auinger (1880, pl. 11, figs 13a–c), Figs 4O, 14E . NHMW1866 /0001/0814c, SL: 5.5 mm, MD: 2.8 mm, Niederleis ( Austria), Hoernes & Auinger (1880, pl. 11, figs 14a–c), Figs 14F 1 –F 2 .

Additional material. NHMW1887 /0018/0020, 1 spec., Steinebrunn ( Austria), illustrated in Meznerics (1933, pl. 14, figs 8a–b) .

Type locality. Niederleis ( Austria), Vienna Basin .

Type stratum. Sand-rich intercalations in the Baden Formation.

Age. Middle Miocene, Badenian.

Etymology. Referring to “ Columbella corrugata ” with which this species was confused by Hoernes & Auinger (1880) and the spherical outline.

Diagnosis. Small, broad ovoid shell with large, multispiral protoconch and prominent, convex axial ribs and regular spiral cords in deep axial interspaces. Aperture with thickened outer lip and few blunt denticles on outer lip and columellar edge.

Description. Shell small, solid, broad ovoid, with incised, undulating suture. Protoconch large, broad conical of 3.5 convex whorls. Teleoconch of four whorls. Spire whorls weakly convex, with periphery at abapical suture. First two teleoconch whorls with prominent axial ribs separated by deep interspaces of about roughly equal width. Interspaces widening slightly on penultimate and last whorl. Spiral sculpture appears on third teleoconch whorl, consisting of prominent, close-set spiral cords (about 10 suprasutural cords on penultimate whorl), not overriding axial ribs, forming regularly rectangular pattern in axial interspaces. Last whorl obese, convex with periphery slightly below mid-whorl, weakly concave base; axials weakening over base; spiral cords stronger over base. Aperture narrow. Outer lip thickened with strong to moderate labial callus pad, five or six prominent denticles within; D2 and D3 on callus pad stronger. Anal canal broad, V-shaped. Siphonal canal short, moderately notched at tip. Columellar callus strongly thickened, forming broad rim, detached from base, with three blunt denticles at outer columellar edge.

Shell measurements and ratios. SL: 5.5–7.3 mm, MD: 2.8–3.6 mm, AA: 54–59°, SL/MD: 2.0–2.2, AL/AW: 3.8–4.3, LWH/AH: 1.3–1.4.

Palaeoenvironment. At the Niederleis section, sediment and fossils from coastal and lagoonal environments not exceeding 30 m water depth were transported by tempestites into offshore settings ( Mandic et al. 2002).

Discussion. Since Hoernes & Auinger (1880), this species was confused by all authors with Columbella corrugata Bellardi, 1848 from the Pliocene of Italy. The Italian species, however, is more slender, has a higher spire and lacks spiral sculpture (see Bellardi 1848: 13, pl. 1, fig. 9; Sacco 1890b: 59, pl. 2, fig. 81).

Zafrona arpula (Michelotti, 1840) , from the middle to late Miocene of France and the Pliocene of Italy and Spain ( Landau et al. 2019) is more slender, develops narrower axial ribs and delicate, close-set spiral cords.

Zafrona recticostata (Sacco, 1890) , from the Pliocene of Italy, might be a closely related species, which differs from the Paratethyan species in its less globose outline, the slightly higher spire whorls and the less prominent spiral cords (see Ferrero Mortara et al. 1981, pl. 58, figs 3a–b; Chirli 2002, pl. 1, figs 3–4).

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (middle Miocene): Carpathian Foredeep: Dryszczów ( Ukraine) ( Friedberg 1911); Vienna Basin: Niederleis, Steinebrunn ( Austria), Pannonian Basin: Szob ( Hungary) ( Strausz 1966); southern Pannonian Basin: Milijevići, Hrvaćani-Drenik, Čaklovica ( Bosnia and Hercegovina) ( Atanacković 1985); Dacian Basin: Opanec ( Bulgaria) (Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960); Făget Basin: Coşteiu de Sus ( Romania) ( Boettger 1906).

Genus Scabrella Sacco, 1890

Type species. Columbella (Scabrella) scabra Sacco, 1890 (in Sacco 1890b); subsequent designation by Cossmann (1901: 247), Late Miocene, Italy.

Discussion. Scabrella is characterised by following features: moderately slender fusiform shell with high spire and deeply incised suture. Whorls convex to subcylindrical, constricted at base. Sculpture of spire whorls consisting of prominent orthocline axial ribs crossed by prominent spiral cords. Adsutural spiral cord at adapical suture slightly more prominent, forming subsutural collar. Axial ribs and interspaces widening on penultimate and last whorls. Aperture narrow to moderately narrow; columellar callus forming broad, weakly denticulate rim. Siphonal canal short, narrow. Outer lip and protoconch unknown in type species.

Sacco (1890b: 54) listed only Columbella (Scabrella) proscabra Sacco, 1890 , from the Burdigalian of Italy, and the type species Columbella (Scabrella) scabra Sacco, 1890 , in his subgenus Scabrella . Scabrella proscabra is known from a single specimen and has never been illustrated. The syntype of Scabrella scabra ( Bellardi, 1848) , illustrated by Ferrero Mortara et al. 1981, pl. 58, figs 6a–b), lacks the outer lip. Therefore, the diagnosis of the genus remains somewhat vague. Cossmann (1901: 247) accepted Scabrella as a full genus and considered Thiarinella Sacco, 1890 as synonym of Scabrella . In Thiarinella (type species: Thiarinella compta ( Bronn, 1831)) , the whorls are coronate, whereas in Scabrella a subsutural collar is present, but it does not distort the profile.

Based on his blurred genus concept, Cossmann (1901; 347, pl. 10, figs 9–10) described Scabrella dumasi Cossmann, 1901 , from the middle Miocene of Saubrigues ( France), within Scabrella . This species has a markedly gradate spire, wide spaced, spiny axial ribs and lacks spiral cords on the spire whorls and has little in common with Scabrella . Cossmann (1901) listed also Columbella baccifera Ivolas & Peyrot 1900 , from the Middle Miocene of the Loire Basin, as Scabrella , which might indeed be another member of this genus (see Ivolas & Peyrot 1900: 133, pl. 1, figs 13–14).

Herein, we place three Paratethyan species in Scabrella . Scabrella haueri is morphologically most similar to the type species and differs mainly in its slightly more convex last whorl and the reduced spiral sculpture on the spire whorls.

Note. The name Scabrella was also introduced by Hedley (1918) for a raphitomid and by Wenndorf (1990) for a trilobite genus. Asperdaphne Hedley, 1922 was proposed as replacement name for Scabrella Hedley (1918) , but we are not aware of a replacement name for Scabrella Wenndorf (1990) . Therefore, we propose Scabrellana as replacement name for the trilobite genus.

Figures

FIGURE 1. A. Map of central and south–eastern Europe, representing the area that was partly covered by the Central Paratethys Sea. The white insert corresponds to the area that is restored in the palaeogeographic map below. B. Paleogeography of the Middle Miocene Paratethys Sea showing the most important sedimentary basins (NAFB: North Alpine Foreland Basin, E–Sopr B: Eisenstadt–Sopron Basin).

FIGURE 2. Measurements for shell morphology and whorl profiles. SL: shell length, MD: maximum diameter, AA: apical angle, LWH: last whorl height, AH: aperture height. AL: aperture length. AW: aperture width.

FIGURE 14. A1–A2. Thiarella bronni (Mayer, 1869), NHMW1864/0040/1123b, SL: 18.1 mm, MD: 6.6 mm, Borač (Boratsch) (the Czech Republic). B1–B2. Thiarella bronni (Mayer, 1869), NHMW1864/0040/1123a, Borač (Boratsch) (the Czech Republic). C1–C2. Thiarella bronni (Mayer, 1869), NHMW1855/0045/0045a, Hlohovec (the Czech Republic). D1–D2. Zafrona sphaerocorrugata nov. sp., NHMW 1866/0001/0814a, holotype, Niederleis (Austria). E. Zafrona sphaerocorrugata nov. sp., NHMW1866/0001/0814b, paratype, Niederleis (Austria). F1–F2. Zafrona sphaerocorrugata nov. sp., NHMW1866/0001/0814b, paratype, Niederleis (Austria). G1–G2. Scabrella haueri (Hoernes & Auinger, 1880), NHMW1863/0015/0632a, lectotype, Niederleis (Austria). H1–H2. Scabrella haueri (Hoernes & Auinger, 1880), NHMW1863/0015/0632b, paralectotype, Niederleis (Austria). I1–I2. Scabrella haueri (Hoernes & Auinger, 1880), NHMW1863/0015/0632, paralectotype, Niederleis (Austria).