Agrilus apicaureus Jendek

Jendek, Eduard & Grebennikov, Vasily V., 2009, Revision of the Agrilus muscarius species-group (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) with description of thirteen new species from Palaearctic and Oriental regions, Zootaxa 2168, pp. 1-33 : 17-21

Agrilus apicaureus Jendek , sp. nov.

Figs. 18 , 47 , 67

Diagnosis. This species is very distinctive by the strikingly contrasting elytra which are black except for the golden-bronze elytral apices covered with dense, golden pubescence. The head and anterior part of pronotum are covered with golden pubescence similar to that on elytral apices.

Description (Holotype): Body form, color and pubescence as in Fig. 18 . Head large, frons and vertex feebly convex; eyes markedly protruding from head outline.

Pronotum conspicuously convergent apicad, with sides subparallel in basal third and then strongly, almost rectilinearly convergent to apex; apical pronotal margin distinctly narrower than basal margin; anterior pronotal lobe distinctly projecting beyond anterior pronotal angles; posterior angles rectangular; pronotal disk conspicuously convex, distinctly impressed at base; lateral impressions absent; prehumerus extending to about half of pronotal length, sharply costate, arcuate, with apex strikingly arcuate to pronotal margin but distant from marginal carina (lateral view).

Elytra with feeble and short humeral carinae, bichromatic, black except for golden-bronze apex, combined with white and golden ornamental pubescence; apices separately arcuate.

Prosternum ( Fig. 47 ): Prosternal lobe large, with apical margin distinctly incised medially; prosternal process sharply tricuspidate, sides obviously, arcuately expanded; disk deeply impressed, with lateral corners distinctly protruding ventrad. Apex of last abdominal ventrite distinctly emarginate.

Aedeagus ( Fig. 67 ).

Length. Holotype 4.9 mm.

Sexual dimorphism. Female unknown.

Variability. Unknown.

Type series. Holotype 3 ( EJCB): “LAO-N, Phongsaly prov., 21°41'–2'N, 102°06'–08'E, Phongsaly env., 28.v.–20.vi.2003, 1500 m, P. Pacholátko leg.”. Type locality. north Laos, Phongsaly province, Phongsaly env., 1500 m, 21°41'-2'N, 102°06'-08'E.

Distribution. North Laos (Phongsali).

Etymology. The name is derived from the Latin noun apex, -icis (a combining shape of apex or apical) and aureus (golden) to stress the strikingly golden elytral apices of this species.

Agrilus muscarius Kerremans Figs. 19–21 , 48 , 68

muscarius Kerremans, 1895: 224 .

Kerremans, 1903: 279. Obenberger, 1936: 1092. Baudon, 1961: 73. Descarpentries & Villiers, 1963: 105, 110.

Baudon, 1968: 132, 149.

= seladon Obenberger, 1940: 174 –175. syn. nov.

Peng Zhongliang, 1987: 358 [cited as seladom]. Hua Li Zhong, 2002: 90. Jendek, 2005: 18. Jendek, 2006: 401. = komiyai Tôyama, 1987: 305 –306.

Jendek, 2005: 18 [synonym of seladon ]. Jendek, 2006: 401[synonym of seladon ].

Diagnosis. This species ( Figs. 19–21 ) is distinctive by its strikingly bichromatic elytra with the dark violet and golden-bronze, or golden-green pattern; pronotal sides subparallel or feebly arcuate except for the conspicuously arcuate anterior part; apical pronotal margin narrower than basal margin; anterior pronotal lobe wide, slightly projecting beyond anterior pronotal angles; pronotal disk conspicuously convex; prehumerus feebly costate, moderately arcuate, with apex distinctly distant from marginal carina (lateral view); prosternal lobe arcuately or subangulately emarginate; prosternal process ( Fig. 48 ) tricuspidate with sides expanded in straight line and weakly impressed. Apex of last abdominal ventrite with distinct emargination. Aedeagus as in Fig. 68 .

Length. 3.5–4.9 mm.

Sexual dimorphism. Without apparent sexual differences.

Type series. Agrilus muscarius Kerremans, 1895 . Lectotype by present designation: 3, MNHN: “ Meliboeus muscarus nov. s. Fairm. Ht. Tonkin [h] \ Ha-Lang Tonkin N. Lamey \ muscarius Kerr. [h] PARATYPE [p] [red label] \ MUSÉUM PARIS 1935 Coll. A. Théry [p] \ Muséum Paris Coll. Générale [p] [yellow label]”. Paralectotype: 1 3, MNHN: with the same locality data as lectotype. The exact number of syntypes is unknown. Type locality. Ht. Tonkin, Ha Lang [Note: Type locality complemented by lectotype ( ICZN, Article 76.2.)]. Originally published locality: Tonkin.

Agrilus seladon Obenberger, 1940 . Lectotype, designated by Jendek (2005): sex not examined, NMPC: “ Vallis flumin. Soling-ho, Yun. [p] \ TYPUS [p] [red label with black border] \ Mus. Nat. Pragae Inv. [p] 24926 [h] [orange label] \ Agrilus Seladon m. Type [h] Det. Dr. Obenberger [p]”. The exact number of syntypes is unknown. Type locality. China: Yunnan, vallis fluminis Soling-Ho.

Agrilus komiyai Tôyama, 1987 . Holotype, sex not determined, NSMT: Doi Pui N. Thailand 4–7.v.1983 M. Takakuwa [p] \ HOLOTYPE Agrilus komiyai Tôyama, 1983 [h]”. Described from seven type specimens. Type locality. NW Thailand, Doi Pui near Chiang Mai.

Specimens examined. CHINA: Shaanxi: 1 ex (EJCB): “China-Shaanxi, Lüeyang, 8.6.– 14.6.1996, lgt. E. Kučera”; Sichuan: 1 3 (EJCB): “China-N, Sechuan, Nanjiang, 21– 23.5.2002, lgt. E. Kučera”; Yunnan: 1 3 (EJCB): “ China, Yunnan, Loc. 9., Road 214, Dali - Lijiang, 65th-71st km NNW of Xiaguan, 26°03' N, 100°01'-09' E, 2350–2528 m, 24.05.2002, Konstantinov & Volkovitsh leg.”; 1 ex (EJCB): “Yun'nan'. Syaomon'yan. 810 m, 27.iii.1957, Pu Fu-di leg. [in Russian]”; 2 3 1 Ƥ (EJCB): “ China,Yunnan, 22.V.–2.VI., 100 km W of Kunming, 1993, Diaolin Nat. Reservation, E.Jendek & O.Šauša leg.”. INDIA: Assam: 6 exs (EJCB): “NE India, Assam, 1999, 5 km N of Umrongso, 700m, 25°27'N, 92°43'E, 17.–25.v., Dembický & Pacholátko leg.”; Meghalaya: 1 3 (EJCB): “NE INDIA, MEGHALAYA, 1999, 9 km NW of Jowai, 1400 m, 25°30'N, 92°10'E, 11–15.v., Dembický & Pacholátko leg.”; 1 3 (EJCB): “NE INDIA, MEGHALAYA, 1400 m, NOKREK N.P., 3 km S Daribokgiri, 25°27'N, 90°19'E, 26.iv.1999, Dembický & Pacholátko leg.”; 10 exs (EJCB): “NE India, Meghalaya state, West Garo Hills, NOKREK Nat.Park, 9–17.V.1996 alt.1100± 150m, GPS N25°29.6', E90°19.5' (WGS 84), E. Jendek & O. Šauša leg.”; Tamil Nadu: 1 3 (EJCB): “S India, Tamil Nadu, 17–22.V.1997, 15 km SE Kotagiri, 11°22'N, 76°56'E, Kunchappanai, Dembický & Pacholátko leg.”; Uttar Pradesh: 1 ex (EJCB): “ India, Kumaon Himalaya, U.P., Nainital, Bhimtal, 20– 23.5.1981, 1500 m leg. C. Holzschuh”; 1 Ƥ (EJCB): “N-India, Uttaranchal state, ca 13 km NW of Nainital, Khairna bridge env., 900–1000 m, 13–17.vii.2003, Z. Kejval & M. Trýzna leg.”. LAOS: Borikhamxai: 7 exs (EJCB): “ LAOS centr., Bolikhamsai prov., BAN NAPE - Kaew Nua Pass, 18.4.- 1.5.1998, alt. 600± 100 m, N 18º22.3, E 105º09.1 (GPS), E. Jendek & O. Šauša leg.”; Louang Namtha: 2 3 (EJCB): “ LAOS, Louang Namtha pr., 21°09'N, 101°19'E, Namtha - Muang Sing, 5–31.v.1997, 900– 1200 m, Vit Kubáň leg.”; Louangphrabang: 2 3 (EJCB): “LAOS-N, 23. iv. 1999, Louangphrabang prov. 20°42' N 102°54'E, 25 km E Muang Ngoy, 1000 m, Vít Kubáň leg.”; Phongsali: 1 3 (EJCB): “LAO-N, Phongsaly prov., 21°41'–2'N, 102°06'–08'E, 28.v.–20.vi.2003 PHONGSALY env., ~ 1500m, Vít Kubáň leg.”; Vientiane: 1 Ƥ (EJCB): “ Laos centr., 27.IV.–1.V.1997, 70 km NE Vientiane, Ban Phabat env., 150 m, N 18°16.1, E 103°10.9, E. Jendek & O. Šauša leg.”. MYANMAR: Shan State: 1 3 (EJCB): “ Burma ( Myanmar), SW Shan State, Taunggyi, J. Rejsek 1– 18.6.1997 ”. NEPAL: 1 3 (EJCB): “W Nepal, NW Pokhara, Khali Gandaki Khola, 1100–1300 m, Tatopani, 12–14.V.1994, leg. C. Holzschuh”; 1 ex (EJCB): “E-Nepal, Dhankuta, Arun-Valley, Lamobagar Gola, 27.5.– 3.6.1980, 1000–1400 m, leg. C. Holzschuh”. SRI LANKA: 6 exs (EJCB): “ SRI LANKA, - 300m, DAMBULLA env., 19.IV.–9.V.1991, leg. J. Kolibáč”. THAILAND: Chiang Mai: 13 1Ƥ (EJCB): “NW Thailand, 19–23.iv.1991, Doi Suthep, P.Pacholátko leg.”; 2 3 (EJCB): “NW THAI, 7–14.V.1992, Chiang Mai, Doi Suthep Pui, P.Pacholátko leg.”; 1 3 (EJCB): “ Thailand, 1000–1600 m, Chiang Mai prov., 20 km NW from Fang, 2–5.v.1996, lgt. S. & E. Becvar”; 13 (EJCB): “NW Thailand, 25.iv., Chiang Mai prov., 7.v., Ban San Pakia 1996, Sv. Bílý leg. 1700 m ”; 1 3 (EJCB): “ THAI, 17–24. V. 1991, Chiang Dao, 1000 m, 19°25'N, 98°52'E, Vít Kubáň leg.”; 1 ex (EJCB): “ THAI, 15/5.1993, 19°12'N, 98°42'E, Mae Sae, 750 m, Vít Kubáň leg.”; 13 2 Ƥ (EJCB): “ Thailand, Chiang Mai prov., 19°19'N, 98°50'E, 1400 m, Sanpakia vill., 1–15.V.1998, Vít Kubáň leg.”; Kanchanaburi: 3 3 (EJCB): “ THAI, 4–7. iv. 1991, Erawan n.p., 300 m, 14°16'N, 99°12'E, Vít Kubáň leg.”; 1 Ƥ (EJCB): “ Thai, 9–13.IV.1991, Thimonghta, 350 m, 15°02'N, 98°35'E, Vít Kubáň leg.”; Loei: 1 Ƥ (EJCB): “Thailand-NE, Loei prov., Phu Rua N. P., 17°30'N, 101°21'E, 6–9.v.1999, 1100m, D. Hauck leg.”; Mae Hong Son: 20 exs (EJCB): “NW Thailand 28.iv.–3.v.1992, Mae Hong Son, P. Pacholátko leg.”; 2 exs (EJCB): “NW Thailand, 9–16.5. Mae Hong Son, 1991, Ban Huai Po, 1600–2000 m, J. Horák leg.”; 2 3, 3 Ƥ (EJCB): “NW Thailand, 9– 16.5.1991, Mae Hong Son, Ban Huai Po, 1600 m, leg. Pacholátko”; 13 (EJCB): “NW Thai, 30.iv.–4.v., Mae Hong Son, 1991, Ban Huai Po, 1600–2000, L. Dembický leg.”; 2 exs (EJCB): “NW Thailand, 19°19'N, 97°59'E, Mae Hong Son, 1991, Ban Huai Po, 1600–2000 m, 9–16.5., L. Dembický leg.”; 16 exs (EJCB): “NW THAI, 25.4.– 5.5.1992, Soppong-Pai pass, P. Pacholátko leg.”; 1Ƥ (EJCB): “NW Thailand, 1– 6.5.1991, Soppong-Pai, 1800 m, Leg. Pacholátko”; 2 exs (EJCB): “NW Thailand, 17–23.5. Mae Hong Son, 1991, Ban Huai Po, 1600–2000 m, J. Horák”; 1 Ƥ (EJCB): “ THAI, 1–5.V.1992, Ban Huai Po, L. Dembický leg.”; 4 3 (EJCB): “ Thailand, 7–8.v.1992, Nupa-ah, L. Dembický leg.”; 13 1 Ƥ (EJCB): “ Thailand, 7–8.v.1992, Suan-Pu, L. Dembický leg.”; 8 exs (EJCB): “NW Thailand, 8–18.V., Mae Hong Son, 1992, Ban Si Lang, 1200 m, J. Horák leg.”; 1 Ƥ (EJCB): “NW Thailand, 1– 8.V., Mae Hong Son, 1992, Ban Si Lang, 1200 m, J. Horák leg.”; 9 exs (EJCB): “ THAI 10–13/5.1993, 19°27'N, 98°20'E, SOPPONG, 1550 m, Vít Kubáň leg.”; 5 exs (EJCB): “ THAI Mae Hong Son prov., 19°27'N, 98°20'E, 1500 m, Soppong, 7– 12.v., Vít Kubáň leg. 1996”; 1 Ƥ (EJCB): “ Thailand, 1– 8.5.1993, Soppong-Pai, 1800 m, Pacholátko & Dembický leg.”; 2 exs (EJCB): “ Thailand, 7– 12.5.1996, Mae Hong Son prov., SOPPONG, 1500 m, 19°27'N, 98°20'E, S. Bečvář leg.”; 1 ex (EJCB): “ Thailand 13.5.1993, 19°29'N, 98°18'E, Soppong, 750 m ”; Nan: 1 3 (EJCB): “Thailand-N, Nan prov., Bo Klua 700 m, 19°03'N, 101°10'E, 28.iv.–1.v.1999, D. Hauck”; Tak: 2 3 (EJCB): “ THAI, 18–24.IV.1991, Lansang n. p., 500 m, 16°48'N, 98°57'E, Vít Kubáň leg.”; 1 Ƥ (EJCB): “ THAI, 28.IV.–6.V.1991, Umphang riv., 1000 m, 16°07'N, 99°00'E, Vít Kubáň leg.”. VIETNAM: 2 3 1 Ƥ (EJCB): “S Vietnam, 14.10N- 108.30E, 40 km NW Ankhe, Buon Luoi, 620–750 m, 28.3.– 12.4.1995, Pacholátko & Dembický leg.”; 9 exs (EJCB): “S Vietnam, 11.54N- 108.27E, 10 km S of Dalat, 1500 m, 16.IV.1995 Pacholátko & Dembický leg.”.

Distribution. China: Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan; India: Assam, Meghalaya, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal (paratype of A. komiyai ); Laos: Borikhamxai, Louang Namtha, Louangphrabang, Phongsali, Vientiane; Myanmar: Shan State; Nepal; Sri Lanka; Thailand: Chiang Mai, Kanchanaburi, Loei, Mae Hong Son, Nan, Tak; Vietnam.

Remarks. Agrilus muscarius is the most common and most widely distributed species of the A. muscarius species-group. Baudon (1968) reported the capture of this species from foliage of Indigofera galegoides (Fabaceae) . Based on the altitude data from locality labels of the examined specimens, this species was collected at altitude range between 500 m ( Laos) and 2528 m ( China: Yunnan).

Agrilus semicaducus Jendek , sp. nov. Figs. 22–23 , 49 , 69

Diagnosis. This species is similar to A. muscarius in general appearance, but it differs mainly by the larger, more prolonged body, the longer elytral apex and by the trapezoid pronotum.

Description (Holotype): Body form, color and pubescence as in Fig. 22 . Head moderately convex; eyes flat, not protruding from head outline.

Pronotum distinctly convergent apicad, sides subparallel in basal third and then obviously, subrectilinearly convergent to apex; apical pronotal margin distinctly narrower than basal margin; anterior pronotal lobe faint, not projecting beyond apical pronotal angles; posterior angles obtusely rectangular; pronotal disk obviously convex, with distinct prescutellar impression; lateral impressions absent; prehumerus extending to about half of the pronotal length, sharply costate, arcuate, subparallel with marginal carina (lateral view).

Elytra without humeral carinae, brightly bichromatic with golden and dark-violet patterns combined with whitish and golden ornamental pubescence; apices separately, shallowly arcuate.

Prosternum ( Fig. 49 ): Prosternal lobe large, with apical margin arcuately emarginate; prosternal process with subparallel sides, disk impressed, lateral corners protruding ventrad. Basal abdominal ventrite without tubercles; apex of last abdominal ventrite slightly emarginate.

Aedeagus ( Fig. 69 ).

Length. 4.0– 4.9 mm, Holotype 4.9 mm.

Sexual dimorphism. Female without apparent sexual differences.

Variability. Pronotal sides in basal third are sometimes divergent. Elytral pubescence in paratypes from the locality “Ban Saluei” is present also on humeral part ( Fig. 23 ).

Type series. Holotype 3 ( EJCB): “ Laos north, 13–24.V.1997, 15 km NW Louang Namtha, N 21°07.5, E 101°21.0, alt. 750± 100 m, E. Jendek & O. Šauša leg.”. Paratypes 7 exs: 2 Ƥ ( EJCB): with the same locality label as holotype; 2 3, 3 Ƥ ( EJCB): “LAOS-NE, Houa Phan prov., 20°12-13.5'N, 103°59'.5- 104 °01'E, Ban Saluei ⊣ Phou Pane Mt., 1340–1870m, 15.iv.–15.v.2008, Lao collectors leg.” Type locality. Laos north, 15 km NW Louang Namtha, N 21°07.5, E 101°21.0, alt. 750± 100 m.

Distribution. north Laos: Louang Namtha, Houa Phan.

Etymology. The name is derived from the prefix semi - (Latin, partially, incompletely, somewhat) and caducus (Latin, subject to shedding), to indicate the variability in the extent of elytral pubescence ( Figs. 22–23 ).

Figures

FIGURES 13 – 18. Habitus of 13) A. acastus, Holotype of junior subjective synonym A. ohbayashii; 14) A. coraeboides, Lectotype; 15) A. samboides, Holotype; 16) A. gunjii, Holotype; 17) A. hunanus Jendek sp. nov., Holotype; 18) A. apicaureus Jendek sp. nov., Holotype. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 34 – 49. Prosternum of 34) A. nalandae; 35) A. aurosus; 36) A. rolciki Jendek sp. nov.; 37) A. cuneatus Jendek sp. nov.; 38) A. ventrituber Jendek sp. nov.; 39) A. spiculipenis Jendek sp. nov. 40) A. aurarius; 41) A. mallotiellus; 42) A. madanensis Jendek sp. nov.; 43) A. haucki Jendek sp. nov.; 44) A. liscapia; 45) A. coraeboides; 46) A. hunanus Jendek sp. nov.; 47) A. apicaureus Jendek sp. nov.; 48) A. muscarius; 49) A. semicaducus Jendek sp. nov.

FIGURES 58 – 76. Aedeagus of 58) A. aurosus; 59) A. rolciki Jendek sp. nov.; 60) A. cuneatus Jendek sp. nov.; 61) A. ventrituber Jendek sp. nov.; 62) A. spiculipenis Jendek sp. nov. 63) A. mallotiellus; 64) A. haucki Jendek sp. nov.; 65) A. acastus; 66) A. hunanus Jendek sp. nov. (basal piece missing); 67) A. apicaureus Jendek sp. nov.; 68) A. muscarius; 69) A. semicaducus Jendek sp. nov.; 70) A. harlequin; 71) A. pseudoharlequin Jendek sp. nov.; 72) A. tiomanensis Jendek sp. nov.; 73) A. dilatipenis Jendek sp. nov.; 74) A. carinelytratus Jendek sp. nov.; 75) A. kurumi; 76) A. mirei.

FIGURES 19 – 24. Habitus of 19) A. muscarius – India (Assam); 20) A. muscarius – south Vietnam; 21) A. muscarius – China (Yunnan); 22) A. semicaducus Jendek sp. nov., Holotype; 23) A. semicaducus Jendek sp. nov., Paratype; 24) A. ventripotens – Sri Lanka. Scale bar = 1 mm.