Dentatosoma denticulatum

Antić, Dragan Ž. & Makarov, Slobodan E., 2016, The Caucasus as a major hotspot of biodiversity: Evidence from the millipede family Anthroleucosomatidae (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida), Zootaxa 4211 (1), pp. 1-205 : 98-102

Dentatosoma denticulatum gen. et sp. nov.

Figs 79–82 , 91 A

Diagnosis. Differs from the other two species of the genus by the presence of a few denticles at the end of the coxal processes of the anterior gonopods.

Etymology. An adjective; to emphasize the presence of a few denticles at the end of the coxal processes of the anterior gonopods.

Material studied (total: 6 males, 6 females, 29 juveniles). Holotype. GEORGIA: male , Ajaria, 8 km W of Shuakhevi , mixed deciduous forest on rocky slope, litter and under stones, 11 Oct. 1981, S. Golovatch leg. ( ZMUM ρ3320).

Paratypes (total: 5 males, 6 females, 29 juveniles). All from GEORGIA, Ajaria: 1 female, same data as holotype ( ZMUM ρ3321) ; 3 males, 3 females, 29 juveniles, Keda District, Magutseti , Platanus forest, litter, 9 Oct. 1981, S. Golovatch leg. ( ZMUM ρ3322) ; 2 males, 2 females, Khulo , 900 m, Quercus , Abies & Alnus forest, litter, 11 Oct. 1981, S. Golovatch leg. ( IZB).

Type locality. GEORGIA: Ajaria, 8 km W of Shuakhevi, mixed deciduous forest on rocky slope, litter and under stones.

Description. Body with 30 segments (including telson) in adults.

MEASUREMENTS. Males 11–12 mm long, vertical diameter of the largest pleurotergite 0.9–1 mm. Females 12– 16 mm long, vertical diameter of the largest pleurotergite 1–1.3 mm.

COLORATION ( Fig. 79 ). Prozonites with paler greyish, while metazonites with darker greyish paramedial stripes. Laterally greyish. Dorsomedially, dorsolaterally and ventrolaterally yellowish.

HEAD. Flattened in males. Labrum with three medial teeth and 6+5 labral and 2+2 supralabral setae. Promentum triangular, without setae. Lingual plates with 5+4 setae, on each plate arranged in one row. Stipites with ca 20+20 setae. Antennae 1.5 mm long in holotype. Length of antennomeres (in mm): I (0.08), II (0.16), III (0.36), IV (0.2), V (0.38), VI (0.16), VII (0.14) and VIII (0.02). Length/breadth ratios of antennomeres I–VII: I (1), II (2), III (4.5), IV (2.5), V (3), VI (1.5) and VII (1.5). Antennomeres II, IV, V, VI and VII with one, three, one, four and one sensillum, respectively. Number of ocelli 22–24, arranged in 6 rows in males; 23–27 in 6 rows in females.

COLLUM. Narrower than head, with six macrochaetae. Anterior edge semi-circular, posterior margin gently concave.

BODY SEGMENTS ( Figs 79 , 80 ). Lateral keels or swellings completely absent, only first few segments with barely visible swellings. Limbus very characteristic, dentate. Some limbus denticles with one short seta. Macrochaetae medium-sized and trichoid. CIX (pleurotergite 15) = 1; MIX (pleurotergite 15) = 1; PIX (pleurotergite 15) = 0; MA (pleurotergite 15) = 180˚.

TELSON. Epiproct with a pair of spinnerets and 3+3 setae (1+1 paramedian, 2+2 marginal). Hypoproct with 1+1 apical setae. Paraprocts with 3+3 marginal setae.

WALKING LEGS. In both sexes, leg-pairs 1 and 2 with tarsal combs; prefemora with several long and robust setae; femora and postfemora with a group of several long and robust setae.

MALE SEXUAL CHARACTERS ( Fig. 91 A). Leg-pairs 3–7 only slightly enlarged; leg-pair 7 the most enlarged and with sabre-like tarsi. Leg-pairs 3–6 resembling normal walking legs. Leg-pair 10 with coxal glands, no other peculiarities. Leg-pair 11 with coxal glands and a well-developed, posterior, coxal horn.

ANTERIOR GONOPODS ( Figs 81 A–C, 82A–C). Simple. Sternal plate (sp) anteriorly with a medial, hairy, sternal sac (ss). Coxal processes (cp) completely divided, high, parallel or orientated laterally, curved posteriorly, ending with a few subtriangular teeth (stt). Posteriorly, both coxal processes with a medial longitudinal lamella (lol), with a pair of coxal vesicles (cv) and a long triangular process (trp) in-between. Above triangular process, wing-like (ws) structure present.

POSTERIOR GONOPODS ( Figs 81 D, 82D–F). Coxites (c) divided. Telopodites (t) present on posterior side, consisting of a pigmented membranous part. Coxal processes (cp) simple, curved anteriorly, with a shallow notch apically. Coxal vesicles (cv) situated anteromesally.

Distribution. Georgia ( Fig. 170 , yellow circle).

Figures

FIGURE 79. Dentatosoma denticulatum gen. et sp. nov., paratype male from Khulo, Ajaria, Georgia, habitus. Scale line = 1 mm.

FIGURE 80. Dentatosoma denticulatum gen. et sp. nov., paratype male from Khulo, Ajaria, Georgia. A. Pleurotergites 15 and 16, posterior view. B. Pleurotergites 15 and 16, lateral view. C. Prozonite of pleurotergite 15, dorsal view. D. Limbus of pleurotergite 16, dorsal view. E. Pleurotergite 15, dorsal view.

FIGURE 81. Dentatosoma denticulatum gen. et sp. nov., holotype male gonopods. A. Anterior gonopods, anterior view. B. Anterior gonopods, posterior view. C. Anterior gonopods, lateral view. D. Posterior gonopods, posterior view. c = coxite; t = telopodite; cp = coxal process; cv = coxal vesicle; ss = sternal sac; ws = wing-like structure; lol = longitudinal lamella; stt = subtriangular teeth; trp = triangular process. Scale line = 0.3 mm.

FIGURE 82. Dentatosoma denticulatum gen. et sp. nov., paratype male from Khulo, Ajaria, Georgia, gonopods. A. Anterior gonopods, anterior view. B. Anterior gonopods, lateral view. C. Anterior gonopods, posterior view. D. Posterior gonopods, posterior view. E. Posterior gonopods, lateral view. F. Posterior gonopods, anterior view. c = coxite; t = telopodite; cp = coxal process; cv = coxal vesicle; sp = sternal plate; ss = sternal sac; ws = wing-like structure; lol = longitudinal lamella; stt = subtriangular teeth; trp = triangular process.

FIGURE 91. Leg-pair 11., holotype males. A. Dentatosoma denticulatum gen. et sp. nov. B. Dentatosoma magnum gen. et sp. nov. C. Dentatosoma zeraboseli gen. et sp. nov. Scale lines = 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 170. Distribution of the Caucasian Anthroleucosomatidae: the Dentatosoma, the Herculina, the Ratcheuma and the Vegrandosoma complexes.