Epitonium georgettinum ( Kiener, 1838 )

Zelaya, Diego G. & Güller, Marina, 2017, Undercover speciation of wentletraps (Caenogastropoda: Epitoniidae) in the Southwestern Atlantic, Zootaxa 4286 (1), pp. 41-69 : 43-46

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4286.1.2

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3B62E1C2-79C6-4A14-9F6D-80D8872118FA

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6033215

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BCFB5F-FFD8-FFF2-FF26-FE3E3179E9B8

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Epitonium georgettinum ( Kiener, 1838 )
status

 

Epitonium georgettinum ( Kiener, 1838) View in CoL

( Figures 1 View FIGURE 1 , 2 View FIGURE 2 )

Scalaria georgettina Kiener, 1838: 14 View in CoL , pl. 5, fig. 15

Scalaria elegans d'Orbigny, 1839: 389 –390, pl. 54, figs. 1–3

Scalaria orbignyi Nyst, 1871: 124 View in CoL –125 (nomen novum for Scalaria elegans d’Orbigny non Risso, 1826); Mörch, 1876: 197 –198; Boury, 1911: 36 –37

Scala aff. orbignyi: Carcelles, 1944: 248 View in CoL , pl. 2, fig. 29 (in part)

Epitonium (Epitonium) georgettina: Clench & Turner, 1951: 265 View in CoL –266, pl. 116, figs. 1, 2; pl. 117, fig. 1; Castellanos, 1970: 62 –63, pl. 4, fig. 5; Rios, 1994: 97, pl. 32, fig. 386

Type localities. “ Océan Atlantique ” ( Scalaria georgettina ); “baie de San Blas ”, “baie Blanche ” and “embouchure du Rio Negro ” [Buenos Aires Province, Argentina] ( Scalaria elegans ).

Type material. 8 syntypes of Scalaria georgettina (NHMG Inve 75290); 15 syntypes of Scalaria elegans , only one of them examined herein (NHMUK 1854.12.4.358).

Additional material examined. Uruguay: Rocha: [33°54’00’’S 53°31’00’’W], La Coronilla (MACN-In 19215: 16 sh.); [34°39’00’’S 54°10’00’’W], La Paloma (MACN-In 28773: 7 sh.; MACN-In 17547: 11 sh.) GoogleMaps ; 34°40’00’’S 53°59’30’’W, off La Paloma, 27 m (MACN-In 15352: 2 sh.). Maldonado: [34°58’00’’S 54°57’00’’W], Punta del Este (MACN-In 15204: 2 sh.; USNM 180870 View Materials : 4 sh.). Argentina GoogleMaps : Buenos Aires Province: [36°17’23’’S 56°46’53’’W], Punta Rasa GoogleMaps , Bahía San Borombón (MACN-In 28770: +50 sh.); [36°17’35’’S 56°46’37’’W], Cabo San Antonio (MACN-In 1248: 25 sh.; MACN-In 16304: 14 sh.) GoogleMaps ; 36°53’S; 53°54’W, 61.9 m (MACN-In 23443: 1 spm.); [37°09’00’’S 56°52’49’’W], Ostende (MACN-In 20101: 4 sh.); 37°35’03’’S 54°55’03’’W, 175.5 m (MACN- In 25169-1: 1 sh.); 37°59’49.96’’S 57°34’35.69’’W, Mar del Plata (MACN-In 25362: 12 sh.); [38°00’S 57°33’W], Mar del Plata, 42 m (MACN-In 8890: 1 sh.); [38°00’S 57°33’W], off Mar del Plata (MACN-In 14331: 4 sh.); [38°16′13″S, 57°50′W], Miramar (MLP-Ma 1449: 1 sh.; MLP-Ma 1472-1: 1 sh.; MLP-Ma 3245: 1 sh.); 38°25’18.50’’S 56°30’37.07’’W, off Mar del Plata (MACN-In 10245, 2 sh.; MACN-In 10741: 4 sh.; MACN-In 10322: 1 sh.; MACN-In 10296: 1 sh.; MACN-In 12211: 1 spm.); 38°34’28.7’’S 58°42’42.1’’W, Puerto Quequén (MACN-In 18676: 4 sh.; MLP-Ma 2403-1: 1 sh.); 38°59’05.25’’S 61°17’58.68’’W, Monte Hermoso (MACN-In 9209-24: 8 sh.; MACN-In 6619-44: 1 sh.; MACN-In 11214: 1 sh.; MLP-Ma 1407-1: 2 sh.; MLP-Ma 2024 in part: 3 sh.; MLP-Ma 3213: 12 sh.; MLP-Ma 3214: 4 sh.); [39°35’18.6’’S 62°06’10.2’’W], Bahía Brigman (MACN-In 16138: 4 sh.); [38°52’00’’S 62°04’00’’W], Arroyo Pareja GoogleMaps , Bahía Blanca (MACN-In 11213: 5 sh.); [38°53’13’’S 62°05’52’’W], Base Naval Puerto Belgrano, Punta Alta (MACN-In 11212: 1 sh.); [39°08’34’’S 61°58’08’’W], Isla Trinidad GoogleMaps , Bahía Blanca (MACN-In 19668: 2 sh.); [39°42’S 62°07’W], mouth of Río Colorado (MLP-Ma 1369: 10 sh.; MLP-Ma 1372: 16 sh.; MLP-Ma 1377: 8 sh.) GoogleMaps ; 40°18’29.79’’S 62°14’15.66’’W, Bahía San Blas (MACN-In 20265: 3 spm., +100 sh.; MACN-In 20267-1: 1 sh.); [40°47’S 62°58’W], Carmen de Patagones (MLP-Ma 2608: 1 sh.); off Buenos Aires (MACN-In 10421: 1 sh.; MACN-In 11724: 2 sh.) GoogleMaps . Río Negro Province: Golfo San Matías (MACN-In 30809: 1 sh.); [41°00’S 64°07’W], Aguada de los Loros, San Antonio Este (MACN-In 13339: +300 sh.); [40°49’S 64°54’W], Punta Villarino, San Antonio Este (MACN-In 9379-44: 1 sh.; MACN-In 13150: 2 sh.; MACN-In 13364: 9 sh.); [40°44’00’’S 64°57’00’’W], Puerto San Antonio Oeste (MACN-In 9379-43: 2 sh.) GoogleMaps ; 41°02’S; 62°24’W, 20 m (MACN-In 20667: 1 sh.); 40°25’47.4’’S 65°25’14.1’’W, 8 m (MACN-In 40359: 1 sh.); 40°45’18.7’’S 64°56’31.8’’W, La Mar Grande, intertidal (MACN-In 40360: 18 sh.); 40°54’08.3’’S 65°06’28.0’’W, 9 m (MACN-In 40361: 1 sh.); 40°55’17.4’’S 65°08’07.6’’W, 7-8 m (MACN-In 40362: 1 sh.); 40°56’27.2’’S 65°07’58.2’’W, 10-11 m (MACN-In 40363: 1 sh.); 41°16’S 65°12’W, 45.7 m (MACN-In 23742: 1 sh.); 41°38’06.6’’S 65°00’55.9’’W, Playas Doradas, 7 m (MACN-In 40364: 3 sh.); 41°38’49’’S 65°01’25.9’’W, Playas Doradas, intertidal (MACN-In 40365: 1 spm.); 42°15’24.6’’S 62°54’52.8’’W, 60 m (MACN-In 40366: 2 sh.).

Chubut Province: [42°25’49’’S 64°08’26’’W] GoogleMaps , Puerto San José (MACN-In 11479: 3 sh.); [42°34’S 64°17’W], Puerto Pirámides GoogleMaps , Chubut (MLP-Ma 5404: 2 spm.); 42°45’26.91’’S 65°02’33.13’’W, Puerto Madryn (MACN-In 22478: 4 sh.). GoogleMaps

Known distribution. Santa Catarina (27°16’S), Brazil ( Rios 1994) to Puerto Madryn (42°45’S) , Chubut Province, Argentina. Living specimens: intertidal to 61.9 m ; dead shells up to 175.5 m.

Cárdenas et al. (2008) identified as Epitonium georgettinum specimens from the Chilean Fjords Region, in the Southeastern Pacific Ocean. The study of these specimens (housed at the MZUC and MNHN-Cl) reveals that they do not actually correspond to this species. The identity of this material will be discussed elsewhere.

Description. Shell large (maximum L observed = 37.3 mm, protoconch missing), narrowly elongated, moderately solid, white, porcelainous ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 A–C, F, H, I). Protoconch elongated, about 500 µm long and 350 µm in maximum diameter; composed of 2½, evenly-rounded whorls ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 E); usually lost in larger specimens; sculptured with faint axial threads ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 G). Transition between protoconch and teleoconch well-defined. Teleoconch with up to 10½ whorls, markedly convex in outline; suture deep, fenestrate ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 K). Last whorl evenly curved at the base. Aperture subovate, slightly expanded at its base. Outer margin thick; inner margin completely attached to last whorl ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 A–C, F, H, I). Umbilicus usually absent, narrow when present. Fasciole small to large.

Teleoconch only sculptured with slightly prosocline, widely-separated axial ribs, formed by fusion of several layers ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 K). Number of ribs constant throughout the whorls: usually 12 to 15, but as few as 10 ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 D). Ribs on the first whorl are low and rounded, increasing in height in subsequent whorls, where they may remain either as narrow, erected elements or, more frequently, as strongly recurved elements that give the appearance of rounded cords ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 A–D, F, H, I). In the first case, a flattened, sloping part of the ribs is evident near the suture ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 A, C, I); in the second case, the flattening is less noticeable ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 F, H). Ribs of adjoining whorls obliquely aligned and in contact at their bases ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 K). Axial ribs extending to the umbilical area ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 A–C, F, H, I). Interspaces between ribs smooth.

Operculum: Moderately solid, subcircular, multispiral, with subcentrally-located nucleus ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 J); whorls without raised edges. Outside surface sculptured with 35–43 fine threads per 0.1 mm, obliquely oriented with respect to growth lines ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 L). Colour: light-brown, translucent.

Jaw ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 E, F): Anterior margin with a row of flat, ovate, distally-blunt denticles, pitted along their entire surface; followed by two to four rows of polygonal, densely-pitted plates; remaining surface granulate to smooth in appearance.

Radula: With numerous teeth per row, each with a well-developed basal denticle ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 A). Teeth of the central field with short and stout blades ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 D); subsequent teeth with elongate, strong blades, reducing in size near the outer margin ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 A–C). Cusps similar along all radular field, comprising an acute apical denticle and two somewhat shorter secondary denticles ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 C).

Remarks. The sculpture of this species was usually previously described as wide, rounded axial ribs (e.g., Clench & Turner 1951; Castellanos 1970). In fact, d’Orbigny (1839) when describing Scalaria elegans (here regarded as a synonym of E. georgettinum ) pointed out that this species differs from Epitonium albidum by lacking the lamellate ribs that are present in the latter. However, Weil et al. (1999) described for the species the presence of “narrow” ribs. This apparent contradiction disappears when considering that both alternatives are present in specimens with the same radular, jaw and opercular morphologies. These observations indicate that erect and markedly recurved axial ribs are part of the intraspecific variability of this species. Clench & Turner (1951) described the protoconch of E. georgettinum as being smooth. However, a relatively well-preserved specimen allows us to confirm (herein) that it actually shows faint axial threads when examined under high magnification. Concerning discrepancies with the previous description of the radula of this species, see remarks under Epitonium fabrizioi .

D’Orbigny (1839) reported “baie de San Blas”, “baie Blanche” and “embouchure du Rio Negro ” as the provenance of Scalaria elegans . Clench & Turner (1951) limited the type locality of this species to the first locality alone; but taking into account that there has been no formal designation of a lectotype for the species, all the material reported by d’Orbigny (1839) should be regarded as syntypes, and consequently the type localities of the species correspond to all the sites mentioned by the author (ICZN arts. 73.2.3 and 76.1). The syntypes of Scalaria georgettina , currently labelled as NHMG Inve 75290, have been previously divided into “probable syntypes ” (previously numbered as 989.11.1 to 989.11.3) and “possible syntypes ” (previously numbered as 989.11.4 to 989.11.8). In this case, there has not been a formal designation of a lectotype either.

USNM

Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History

MZUC

Universita di Cagliari

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Mollusca

Class

Gastropoda

Order

Architaenioglossa

Family

Epitoniidae

Genus

Epitonium

Loc

Epitonium georgettinum ( Kiener, 1838 )

Zelaya, Diego G. & Güller, Marina 2017
2017
Loc

Epitonium (Epitonium) georgettina:

Rios 1994: 97
Castellanos 1970: 62
Clench 1951: 265
1951
Loc

Scala aff. orbignyi:

Carcelles 1944: 248
1944
Loc

Scalaria orbignyi

Boury 1911: 36
Morch 1876: 197
Nyst 1871: 124
1871
Loc

Scalaria georgettina

Kiener 1838: 14
1838
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